{"id":2105,"date":"2021-11-07T20:08:03","date_gmt":"2021-11-07T20:08:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=2105"},"modified":"2021-11-07T20:08:07","modified_gmt":"2021-11-07T20:08:07","slug":"2-11-24","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/2-11-24\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: gashak@protonmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2021, 2(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj21124<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/11\/2021\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 12\/10\/2021\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u061b \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635<\/p>\n

<\/a>Research Article <\/strong><\/p>\n

Criterions for building an analytical device for text analysis<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abd El Hak Gasmi1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> Center of Scienific and Technical Research<\/p>\n

for the Development of Arabic Language<\/p>\n

gashak@protonmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2021, 2(11); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj21124<\/p>\n

\n

Published at 01\/11\/2021 Accepted at 12\/10\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The aim of the study is to determine the appropriate methodology in analyzing texts, by proposing three phases of analysis, this research focuses on the second phase of it, which is to plan for the analysis process by building a device that allows us to analyze the text, bin light of the fact that every text is different from the other texts. The study concluded that relying on a single model in this area is impossible, in order to create this device, we are subjected to four requirements. The first criterion relates to text components, where the analyst chooses which components to utilize in the analysis of the text, and the second criterion relates to text units, which sets the scope at which he focuses in his analysis, because these units differ in terms of how they are studied, we must also determine how much we need to recollect other texts, by using the intertextuality criterion, and the last criterion is about the utterers in the situation of communication<\/p>\n

Key Words: <\/strong>text analyses, analysis criteria; Text parsing models<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

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1. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629: \u00ab\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0648 (Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0632\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0630 1955 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a (Karl Boost) \u0641\u064a (Boost, 1955) \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d Satzgemeinschaft (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629) \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (Brinker, 1991). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u061b \u0643\u0640:\u0623\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627 (E. Agricola) \u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0641 (Heidolph) \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0631\u063a (H. Isenberg)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 (P. Hartmann) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a (Helbig, 2013)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u063a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 (Functional sentence perspective) \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0634 (F. Dane\u0161)[1]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627 (Agricola, 1976)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0651\u064e \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0635[2]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645[3]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c-\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0642\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062c. \u0645. \u0622\u062f\u0645 (J. M. Adam) (Adam, 2015a, p. 31)\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0627 (Denis Slakta) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627[4]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635[5]<\/a><\/sup> \u060c \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0641\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635. \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a\u063a\u0631 (D. Viehweger) \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0636\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u00bb \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: Viehweger, 1976, p. 196).<\/p>\n

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Halliday & R. Hassan) (Halliday & Hasan, 1976) \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 (G. Yule & G. Brown) (Yule & Brown, 1986)\u060c\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 (Z. S. Harris) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u00abDiscourse Analysis\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a (1952)[7]<\/a><\/sup> (Harris, 1952)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0650\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645[8]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0641\u0640”\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628” \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u064f\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0631 (W. Dressler) (Dressler, 1978, p. 3).<\/p>\n

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1. \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u00a0: \u0648\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u061b<\/p>\n

2. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u00a0: \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629[17]<\/a><\/sup>\u061b<\/p>\n

3. \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u00a0: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641: \u0648\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 …\u0627\u0644\u062e \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627[18]<\/a><\/sup>\u061b<\/p>\n

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5. \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a (\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0627) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 (\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646)[20]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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