{"id":17983,"date":"2026-10-01T09:31:37","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T09:31:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-10-10\/"},"modified":"2026-10-01T09:31:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T09:31:37","slug":"7-10-10","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-10-10\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 10"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: left; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Antibacterial activity of Hydro-ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Gezira State, Sudan<\/h3><h4 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/h4><p style='text-align: left; font-weight:bold;'>Mona W. Abdalla [<sup>1<\/sup>]; Yasir Mohammed Abdelrahim[<sup>2<\/sup>]; Abdalla, A. I. [<sup>3<\/sup>] and Mutaman A. A. Kehail[<sup>4<\/sup>]<\/p><div style='direction: ltr; text-align: left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p>[1] Department of Food Eng. and Technology, Faculty of Eng. and Tech., University of Gezira, Sudan<\/p><p>[2] Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Gezira, Sudan<\/p><p>[3] Department of Envir. Health, Faculty of Environ. Health Science, University of Gezira, Sudan<\/p><p>[4] Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Gezira, Sudan<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/10' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/10<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: left;'><strong>Arabic Scientific Research Identifier:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/10' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/10<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: left;'><strong>Volume (7) Issue (10). Pages:<\/strong> 168 - 174<\/p><p style='text-align: left;'><strong>Received at:<\/strong> 2026-09-05 | <strong>Accepted at:<\/strong> 2026-09-15 | <strong>Published at:<\/strong> 2026-10-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue10\/7-10-10.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; gap:8px; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n.hnsj-cite-note{display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:13px;opacity:.85}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-backdrop{\r\n  position:fixed; inset:0; background:rgba(0,0,0,.55);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99998;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal{\r\n  position:fixed; left:50%; top:50%; transform:translate(-50%,-50%);\r\n  width:min(760px,94vw); background:#fff; border-radius:14px;\r\n  box-shadow:0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,.28);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99999; overflow:hidden;\r\n  border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:14px 16px; border-bottom:1px solid #eee; background:#f8fafc;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-title{font-size:16px;font-weight:800;color:#111827}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close{\r\n  border:1px solid #d1d5db; background:#fff;\r\n  width:34px; height:34px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  font-size:18px; cursor:pointer; line-height:0; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close:hover{background:#f3f4f6}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-tabs{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; padding:10px 16px;\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; background:#f3f4f6;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab:hover{background:#e5e7eb;border-color:#9ca3af}\r\n.hnsj-tab.active{\r\n  background:#0b5ed7; border-color:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(11,94,215,.18);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-body{padding:14px 16px}\r\n.hnsj-row{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:center;\r\n  margin-bottom:10px; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-select{\r\n  padding:10px 12px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; min-width:220px;\r\n  background:#fff; color:#111827; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-textarea{\r\n  width:100%; min-height:130px; padding:12px;\r\n  border-radius:12px; border:1px solid #cfcfcf;\r\n  line-height:1.7; resize:vertical; color:#111827; background:#fff;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-actions{display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center; margin-top:10px; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;}\r\n.hnsj-dl{\r\n  padding:10px 14px;\r\n  border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7;\r\n  background:#0b5ed7;\r\n  color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer;\r\n  font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-dl:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\/* Force the citation modal UI to be independent from site RTL\/LTR *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal,\r\n.hnsj-modal *{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n  text-align: left;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* Keep the header title readable *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function(){\r\n  function slugifyFileName(s){\r\n    return (s || 'citation')\r\n      .toString()\r\n      .trim()\r\n      .replace(\/^https?:\\\/\\\/\/i,'')\r\n      .replace(\/[^a-z0-9]+\/gi,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/-+\/g,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/^-|-$\/g,'')\r\n      .toLowerCase();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function downloadTextFile(filename, content, mime){\r\n    var blob = new Blob([content], { type: mime || 'text\/plain;charset=utf-8' });\r\n    var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\r\n    var a = document.createElement('a');\r\n    a.href = url;\r\n    a.download = filename;\r\n    document.body.appendChild(a);\r\n    a.click();\r\n    a.remove();\r\n    setTimeout(function(){ URL.revokeObjectURL(url); }, 500);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function splitAuthors(str){\r\n    if(!str) return [];\r\n    return str\r\n      .split(\/,|\u061b|\u060c|;|\\n\/g)\r\n      .map(s => s.trim())\r\n      .filter(Boolean);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildRIS(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? 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Kehail[]&quot;,&quot;title_en&quot;:&quot;Antibacterial activity of Hydro-ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Gezira State, Sudan&quot;,&quot;title_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646&quot;,&quot;journal_en&quot;:&quot;Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal&quot;,&quot;journal_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&quot;,&quot;year&quot;:&quot;2026&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;7&quot;,&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;10&quot;,&quot;doi&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-10\\\/&quot;,&quot;published_at&quot;:&quot;2026-10-01&quot;}' data-cit-en='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;. (2026). Antibacterial activity of Hydro-ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Gezira State, Sudan. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;. 2026. \\&quot;Antibacterial activity of Hydro-ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Gezira State, Sudan.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 10. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;. 2026. Antibacterial activity of Hydro-ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Gezira State, Sudan. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-10-01. [Cited 2026-10-01]. 7(10). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-10\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;. Antibacterial activity of Hydro-ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Gezira State, Sudan. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-10-01; 7(10). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;, \\&quot;Antibacterial activity of Hydro-ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Gezira State, Sudan,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;. \\&quot;Antibacterial activity of Hydro-ethanol extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Gezira State, Sudan.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026-10-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;Abdalla M. W; Abdelrahim Y. M; Abdalla, A. I and Kehail M. A. A. (2026). \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Abdalla Mona W; Abdelrahim Yasir Mohammed; Abdalla, A. I. and Kehail Mutaman A. A. 2026. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Abdalla M. W; Abdelrahim Y. M; Abdalla, A. I and Kehail M. A. A. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-10-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-10-01]. 7(10). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-10\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Abdalla M. W; Abdelrahim Y. M; Abdalla, A. I and Kehail M. A. A. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-10-01\u061b 7(10). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Abdalla M. W; Abdelrahim Y. M; Abdalla, A. I and Kehail M. A. A. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 10\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Abdalla Mona W; Abdelrahim Yasir Mohammed; Abdalla, A. I. and Kehail Mutaman A. A. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 10\u060c 2026-10-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/10&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Plants as a source of medicinal compound have continued to play a vital role in the maintenance of human health since ancient times. The present study aimed to determine the antibacterial activities of Acacia nilotica fruit and Punica granatum peel against the local strains of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The plant materials and the target microorganisms were brought from within Wad Medani City, Gezira State, Sudan. The standard methods of preparation of hydro-ethanol extracts, purifying and culturing microorganisms, and bioassay antibacterial activity tests were carefully followed. The results of this study revealed that, the lower concentration (1.14 mg\/ml) of the hydro-ethanol extract of A. nilotica fruit produced a mean of 5.3+0.3 mm inhibition zone on E. coli, and 6.67+0.3 mm on S. aureus, whereas, the higher concentration (92.0 mg\/ml) show inhibition zones of 12.67+0.67 mm on E. coli strain and 13.3+0.3 mm on S. aureus strain. The lower concentration (0.72 mg\/ml) of the hydro-ethanol extract of pomegranate peel produced a mean of 6.7+0.67 mm inhibition zone on E. coli, and 6.7+0.67 mm on S. aureus, whereas, the higher concentration (89.32 mg\/ml) show inhibition zones of 11.3+0.3 mm on E. coli strain and 12.0+0.0 mm on S. aureus strain. It was noticed that, S. aureus was relatively similar in its susceptible to E. coli strain against both plant extracts, but not against penicillin antibiotic. The study recommends running further studies that focuses on other local natural products within the study area, also on other pathogens.<\/p><p style='text-align:left; direction:ltr;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Antibacterial, A. nilotica, P. granatum, E. coli, S. aureus, Gezira, Sudan.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645. \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a (Acacia nilotica) \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 (Punica granatum) \u0636\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (E. coli) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Staphylococcus aureus). \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f 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