{"id":17981,"date":"2026-10-01T09:31:35","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T09:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-10-8\/"},"modified":"2026-10-04T13:28:39","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T13:28:39","slug":"7-10-8","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-10-8\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 8"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0643\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: kawther71@walla.co.il<\/p><p>\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0628\u0648\u0633<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Educational Challenges Facing Lower Secondary Students in the Transition from Wartime Remote Learning to Face-to-Face Education<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Kawthar Anbousi\u00b9<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 PhD in Teaching and Learning, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> kawther71@walla.co.il. Supervised by Dr. Mohammed Taleb Dabbous.<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/8' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj710\/8<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/8' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/710\/8<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (10). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 140 - 160<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-09-05 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-09-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-10-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue10\/7-10-8.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). Educational Challenges Facing Lower Secondary Students in the Transition from Wartime Remote Learning to Face-to-Face Education. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(10). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/8&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Anbousi, Kawthar. 2026. \\&quot;Educational Challenges Facing Lower Secondary Students in the Transition from Wartime Remote Learning to Face-to-Face Education.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 10. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/8&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Anbousi, K.. 2026. Educational Challenges Facing Lower Secondary Students in the Transition from Wartime Remote Learning to Face-to-Face Education. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-10-01. [Cited 2026-10-21]. 7(10). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-10-8\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/8&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Anbousi, K.. Educational Challenges Facing Lower Secondary Students in the Transition from Wartime Remote Learning to Face-to-Face Education. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-10-01; 7(10). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/8&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Anbousi, K., \\&quot;Educational Challenges Facing Lower Secondary Students in the Transition from Wartime Remote Learning to Face-to-Face Education,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/8&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Anbousi, Kawthar. \\&quot;Educational Challenges Facing Lower Secondary Students in the Transition from Wartime Remote Learning to Face-to-Face Education.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 10, 2026-10-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj710\\\/8&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0639\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0643. 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<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This qualitative case study explored challenges in restoring lower secondary students\u2019 practical science skills after the transition from wartime remote learning to face-to-face education. At Al-Andalus Preparatory School in Baqa al-Gharbiyye, a purposive sample comprised 15 students and five science teachers. Semi-structured interviews and field observations, supported by focus groups and documents, were examined through thematic analysis. The findings indicate a gap between watching experiments online and performing them with physical equipment. Students hesitated when using microscopes, measuring devices, and laboratory materials, and expressed reduced confidence in practical work. Participants linked anxiety and poor concentration to wartime disruption and absence from the laboratory; teachers also reported limited time to address practical learning loss. The study recommends gradual hands-on practice, teacher modeling, a psychologically supportive laboratory environment, and dedicated time for rebuilding practical competencies. Findings are specific to the case studied.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Remote learning; laboratory skills; learning recovery.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.1 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0627\u063a 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\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u064b \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0645\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0633\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u062b\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628&#8221; \u0645\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f&#8221; \u062b\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a&#8221; \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631&#8221; \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a: \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a&#8221;\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a&#8221; \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a: \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631 &#8220;\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628&#8221; \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635):<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a&#8221; (\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629) \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642):<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.4 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (Research Significance)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<em>, <\/em>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Theoretical Significance)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u063a\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a) \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626: \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a&#8221; \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c &#8220;\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (Practical Significance)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645: \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629) \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a: \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.5 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Subject Boundaries): \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Human Boundaries): \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Spatial Boundaries): \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0647 -\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Temporal Boundaries): \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\/2025\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.6 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 (The Forgotten Gap):<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (Applied Scientific Skills):<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644: (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 (Learning in Emergencies &#8211; LiE)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f (\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u064f\u0628\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Skill Recovery)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a: \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c&#8221; (\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629) \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629&#8221; (\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a: \u0643\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0641&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 &#8220;\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647 &#8220;\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u064b&#8221; \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (Theoretical Framework)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Constructivism): \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a&#8221; \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629&#8221;. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0635\u0629&#8221; \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Instrumental Competence)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 (Learning by Doing):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644&#8221; \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Muscle Memory)\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f&#8221;. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631&#8221;\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629&#8221; \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626&#8221;:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f&#8221; (Emergency Remote Teaching) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 -\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a- \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0640 &#8220;\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631&#8221;<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Social Learning Theory): \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0623\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629&#8221;. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 (Psychology of Performance)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 (Performance Anxiety):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629&#8221;. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 &#8220;\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u060c \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (Trauma-Induced Cognitive Load):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a&#8221; \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Self-Efficacy):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b &#8220;\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b&#8221; \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0647 &#8220;\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645&#8221; \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Scaffolding Theory): \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0643&#8221; \u0644\u0640 &#8220;\u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a&#8221; (\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 (Skill Remediation): \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 (\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064a) \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Scaffolding): \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0631&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0623\u0629 (Chunking)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 (Modeling)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a (Blended Transition): \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642. \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0645\u0645\u0647\u062f&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a&#8221; (Learning Slide) \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 <a id=\"post-17981-_Hlk228809887\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a (2023) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 Hodges et al. (2020) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f&#8221; \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0641 (2022) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0630\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0646 (2024) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628) \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 UNESCO (2022) \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064d \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a&#8221; \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0635\u062f\u062a &#8220;\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.1 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (Research Design)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a (Qualitative Approach)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 &#8220;\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; ,\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a (Coding System) \u064a\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 &#8216;\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628&#8217; \u0648 &#8216;\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1): \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Coding System)<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f (\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u061f)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 (Codes)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0635\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 &#8220;\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629&#8221; \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f).<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0635\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>2. \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629) \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>3. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644&#8221; \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0629 (Aha Moment)<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631.<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.2 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (Population and Sampling)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Purposive Sampling)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 (15 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b): \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 (\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636) \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 (5 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646): \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a) \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.3 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Data Collection Tools)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u062a\u062b\u0644\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a&#8221; (Methodological Triangulation) \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 (Semi-Structured Interview):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628) \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645&#8221; \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 (1) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 (2) \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 (Participant Observation):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u062f &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629&#8221; , \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2 ) \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 (Focus Groups): \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.4 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (Trustworthiness and Rigor)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0644\u064a\u062b (Triangulation): \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b &#8220;\u062a\u062b\u0644\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 (Member Checking): \u062d\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 (Codes) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 (Thick Description): \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c (Transferability) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (Peer Debriefing): \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.6 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (Research Procedures)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629):<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629 ,\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4)<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 (\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629&#8221; (Pilot Study) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630):<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621&#8221; \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 (Transcripts).<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 (Coding) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Triangulation) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.7 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Data Analysis)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a&#8221; (Thematic Analysis)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Coding) \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> 3.8 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (Research Ethics)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629 (Informed Consent): \u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 (\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 (4)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 (Confidentiality &amp; Anonymity): \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628) \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Credibility) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8217;\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a (Thematic Analysis) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 (Coding System) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2): \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 (Raw Data)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f (Code)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0633\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631. \u062e\u0641\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0623\u0641\u0633\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u064a\u0636\u062d\u0643 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0629.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em> &#8220;\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: &#8220;\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0633) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0649.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a! \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062a\u064f \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0629 &#8211; Aha<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645: &#8220;\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a\u064f \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628: &#8220;\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u062c\u0639\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a: &#8216;\u062c\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0634\u064a\u0621&#8217;\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b.&#8221;<\/em><\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.1 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 (\u0637. \u0623) \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: &#8220;<em>\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0633\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b&#8221;.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u0648\u062f (\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 (\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0640(\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646: &#8220;<em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/em>&#8220;. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 &#8220;\u0647\u0634\u0629&#8221; \u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.2 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648-\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u062f (\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0633. \u0645) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b<em>: &#8220;\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u064a\u0636\u062d\u0643 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631&#8221;.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 (\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064a)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0635\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Self-Efficacy)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0643\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b&#8221; \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0642 &#8220;\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b&#8221;. \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.3 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0640 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0629&#8217; \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0637\u064f\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a (2023)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 &#8216;\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8217;\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.4 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 &#8220;\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8216;\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628&#8217;. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a&#8217; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a&#8217; \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.5 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 &#8220;\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 &#8216;\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a&#8217; \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8217; (Vygotsky)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a&#8217; (Psychomotor Confusion). \u0641\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Self-Efficacy)\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0641&#8217;\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639&#8217;\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 (Hammerstein et al., 2021) \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a (Scaffolding) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8217; \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a&#8217;. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 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\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631, \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629: (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627.)<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a (STEM)&#8221; \u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633-\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 &#8220;\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a&#8221; \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f\u062a\u0650\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0645\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 (AR)&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0649&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 (\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623. (2023). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 17(2)\u060c 45\u201368.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Rashidi, A. (2023). The impact of emergency remote learning on practical and laboratory skills: An exploratory study. Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies, 17(2), 45\u201368.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641.\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0641. (2021). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a (\u062a. \u0645. \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646). \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Braun, V., &amp; Clarke, V. (2021). Thematic analysis: A practical guide (M. Zidan, Trans.). Dar Al-Fikr for Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u062e\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0645. (2022). \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c 94\u060c 112\u2013145.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khalaf, M. (2022). Proposed strategies for addressing learning loss in science among basic education students during crises. Educational Journal, Sohag University, 94, 112\u2013145.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a. (2024). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Qattan Center for Educational Research and Development. (2024). Education in the context of trauma: Experiences from the Palestinian field. Ramallah, Palestine.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 (\u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648). (2021). \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization (ALECSO). (2021). Learning loss in Arab countries: Diagnosis and remedies. Tunis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6. \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. (2025). \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ministry of Education. (2025). Teacher\u2019s guide to the educational catch-up and practical learning recovery program. General Directorate for Educational Supervision and Training.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hammerstein, S., K\u00f6nig, C., Dreis\u00f6rner, T., &amp; Frey, A. (2021). Effects of school closures on academic achievement: A rapid review to inform policy and practice. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 644183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.644183<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hodges, C. B., Moore, S., Lockee, B. B., Trust, T., &amp; Bond, M. A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. EDUCAUSE Review. https:\/\/er.educause.edu\/articles\/2020\/3\/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kuhfeld, M., &amp; Tarasawa, B. (2020). The COVID-19 slide: What summer learning loss can tell us about the potential impact of school closures on student academic achievement. NWEA Research.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">UNESCO, UNICEF, &amp; World Bank. (2022). The state of the global education crisis: A path to recovery. Washington D.C.; Paris; New York.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre. (2023). Learning recovery: Lessons from education in emergencies (EiE). UNICEF.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Creswell, J. W., &amp; Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647 1.1 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0627\u063a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17981","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17981"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18044,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17981\/revisions\/18044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}