{"id":17738,"date":"2026-09-01T00:55:59","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T00:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-9-35\/"},"modified":"2026-09-01T01:34:25","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T01:34:25","slug":"7-9-35","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-9-35\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 35"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0645.\u0645. \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Title: The Psychological Dimension of Digital Transformation and Its Impact on Self-Efficacy: An Analytical Study<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Assistant Lecturer Maysoun Karim Dhari<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Psychological Research Center, Iraq.<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/35' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj79\/35<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/35' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/79\/35<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (9). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 641 - 656<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-08-22 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-09-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue9\/7-9-35.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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K.. (2026). Title: The Psychological Dimension of Digital Transformation and Its Impact on Self-Efficacy: An Analytical Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(9). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/35&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Dhari Maysoun Karim. 2026. \\&quot;Title: The Psychological Dimension of Digital Transformation and Its Impact on Self-Efficacy: An Analytical Study.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 9. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/35&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Dhari M. K.. 2026. Title: The Psychological Dimension of Digital Transformation and Its Impact on Self-Efficacy: An Analytical Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-09-01. [Cited 2026-09-01]. 7(9). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-9-35\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/35&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Dhari M. K.. Title: The Psychological Dimension of Digital Transformation and Its Impact on Self-Efficacy: An Analytical Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-09-01; 7(9). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/35&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Dhari M. K., \\&quot;Title: The Psychological Dimension of Digital Transformation and Its Impact on Self-Efficacy: An Analytical Study,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/35&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Dhari Maysoun Karim. \\&quot;Title: The Psychological Dimension of Digital Transformation and Its Impact on Self-Efficacy: An Analytical Study.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 9, 2026-09-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj79\\\/35&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645. \u0643. 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to analyze the impact of digital transformation on individuals\u2019 self-efficacy, identify its psychological dimensions, and explore the opportunities digital technologies provide to enhance confidence in one\u2019s ability to achieve and adapt to contemporary changes. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach based on a review and analysis of the theoretical literature and previous studies on digital transformation and self-efficacy. The findings indicated that digital transformation is not limited to the adoption of modern technologies; rather, it represents a comprehensive shift in methods of working, learning, and service delivery, thereby contributing to the development of self-directed learning skills, access to information, and adaptation to digital environments. The findings also showed that possessing digital skills is associated with greater confidence in one\u2019s ability to succeed and accomplish tasks. Furthermore, high self-efficacy helps reduce anxiety and resistance to change during the transition from traditional to digital systems. Conversely, inadequate digital infrastructure, limited technical support, and difficulties in accessing information may weaken individuals\u2019 perceived self-efficacy. The study emphasized the importance of institutional support in mitigating the psychological effects associated with digital transformation and strengthening individuals\u2019 capacity to adapt. It recommended developing digital infrastructure and educational platforms, providing training programs for faculty members and students, establishing virtual laboratories, enhancing cybersecurity, and integrating artificial intelligence technologies and digital teaching strategies into the educational process.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Psychological Dimension; Digital Transformation; Self-Efficacy; Digital Skills; Higher Education.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.(\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c2025\u060c 9).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2-\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f(2020):-\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627(\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c2020\u060c\u063544).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3-\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647Verhoef et al,2021 :-\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644.(verhoef et al,2021,pp889-901 ).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2-\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062aSelf- Efficacy<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1-\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0644\u064a(2008):- \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0644\u064a\u060c2008\u060c \u06357).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2-\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u064a\u0628\u0631(Reber,2008): \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.(Reber,2008,p594).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3- \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627((Bandura 1997:- \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646.(Bandura ,1997,p3).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a :- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 :- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0631\u0649 (\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627)\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641(Bandura,1982).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.(Bandura,1997).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0643 (\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 .(\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c2009\u060c\u063522)\u0641\u064a( \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c2012\u060c\u06354).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 1977 Albert Bandura <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627)Bandura\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647(\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a ) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a:-<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632symbalizing<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a forethought<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 Vicarous Learning<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629self Control<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062aself \u2013Efficacy(\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c2005\u060c\u0635 27 ).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u060c\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0636\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645.(Bandura,1977,p193 ).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 (Bandura)\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u062a\u0623\u0648\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0647.\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645.(\u0634\u0644\u062a\u0632\u060c1983\u060c\u0635409).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u060c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 Bandura \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 Social Cognitive Theory \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u060c\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a Reciprocal determinism \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"677\" height=\"224\" class=\"wp-image-17832\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/word-image-17738-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/word-image-17738-1.png 677w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/word-image-17738-1-300x99.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/word-image-17738-1-18x6.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 677px) 100vw, 677px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644(1)\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 (Sdorow&amp;Rickabaugh,2002,p389 ) \u0641\u064a(\u062e\u0644\u0641\u060c2012\u060c\u063598).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u060c\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 Personal Factors \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629Behavioral Factors \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u060c\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629Environmental Factors \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646&#8230;\u0627\u0644\u062e.(\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c2004\u060c\u063535).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.(\u0627\u0628\u0648 \u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u060c2006\u060c\u0635125-126).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 (Bandura 1977) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u060c\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 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\u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632.(Bandura,1997,p25).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641(Bandura,1994).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a Goleman \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645self-Efficacy \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">4-\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5-\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 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justify;\">6-\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7-\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 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\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4-\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2026). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c (150)\u060c \u0645\u062c2\u060c \u062c3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abu Al-Jubayn, M. A., &amp; Youssef, M. (2026). Digital leadership and its impact on enhancing the success of digital transformation in organizations: Developing a conceptual model. Ramah Journal for Research and Studies, (150), Vol. 2, Part 3. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f. (2006). \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u06371). \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abu Ghazal, M. M. (2006). Theories of human development and their educational applications (1st ed.). Dar Al-Masirah for Publishing and Distribution. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2000). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646 [\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631]. \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ismail, H. M. (2000). The effectiveness of reality therapy in improving self-concept among adolescents [Master\u2019s thesis]. Afaq Nafsiya Forums. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f. (2011). \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"http:\/\/forum.iraqacad.org\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/forum.iraqacad.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jasim, I. (2011). Self-efficacy. Iraqi Sports Academy. <a href=\"http:\/\/forum.iraqacad.org\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/forum.iraqacad.org<\/a> [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645. (2020). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Hajlan, M. I. (2020). Digital transformation in education: A perspective based on the concept of human performance improvement. King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645. (2004). \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a (Meta-Analysis) \u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hassan, A. M. Abu Hashim. (2004). Meta-analysis indicators for self-efficacy research in light of Bandura\u2019s theory. Umm Al-Qura University. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f. (1985). \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 5(12)\u060c 251\u2013280.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hussein, M. (1985). Self-concept and its relationship to competence, academic achievement, and specialization at the secondary-school level. Arabian Gulf Message, 5(12), 251\u2013280. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646. (2025). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Hamdani, B. H. (2025). Digital transformation and its role in developing the educational process: A survey study. Center for Research and Studies, Al-Iraqia University. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062f. (1981). \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a: \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khairallah, S. (1981). Self-concept: Its theoretical and applied foundations. Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya for Printing and Publishing. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645. (2012). \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 [\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khalaf, M. K. (2012). Tolerance of post-traumatic stress and its relationship to locus of control and self-efficacy among university students [Doctoral dissertation, College of Education for Women, University of Baghdad]. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2004). \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 5(20).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ramadan, R. M. (2004). The effectiveness of a training program in improving athletic self-efficacy and its impact on academic achievement among a sample of fifth-grade pupils. Journal of Arab Children, 5(20). [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645. (1992). \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 12(2).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Zobaie, A. J., &amp; Al-Kinani, I. (1992). A comparative study of the relationship between mental ability and academic achievement among sixth-grade pupils nominated for schools for distinguished students. Arab Journal of Education, 12(2). [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0634\u0644\u062a\u0632\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646. (1983). \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0646). \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Schultz, D. (1983). Theories of personality (H. D. Al-Karbouli &amp; A. Al-Qaisi, Trans.). University of Baghdad Press. [Arabic translation]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0644\u062d. (2025). \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c 8(78).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Shammari, S. A. M. (2025). The impact of digital transformation on the effectiveness of strategic decisions. Arab Journal for Scientific Publishing, 8(78). [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0642\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2010). \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (\u06372). \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Dhahir, Q. A. (2010). Self-concept between theory and practice (2nd ed.). Dar Wael for Publishing. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d. (2023). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 3(4)\u060c 113\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/safq.2024.246771.1067<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abdel-Ghani, M. A., Shamaa, R. A. M., &amp; Gharib, M. M. S. (2023). Analyzing the impact of digital transformation on organizational performance effectiveness: A field study. Journal of Administrative, Financial and Quantitative Research, 3(4), 113\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/safq.2024.246771.1067 [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649. (2009). \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 [\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Abdali, S. H. Al-Yahya. (2009). Emotional intelligence and its relationship to self-efficacy and marital adjustment among a sample of married teachers in Makkah [Master\u2019s thesis, College of Education, Umm Al-Qura University]. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a. (2008). \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641 [\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Otaibi, B. M. H. Al-Ziyadi. (2008). Decision-making and its relationship to self-efficacy and social support among a sample of student counselors in Taif Governorate [Unpublished master\u2019s thesis, Umm Al-Qura University]. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2009). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 [\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Askari, K. Y. S. A. (2009). The effect of a training program on developing cognitive thinking skills among university students with low and high self-efficacy [Doctoral dissertation, College of Education, Al-Mustansiriyah University]. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. (2022). \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c 63(2)\u060c 365\u2013439.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali, M. A. Abu Al-Futouh. (2022). Requirements for implementing digital transformation strategies at Saudi universities in Riyadh and their impact on organizational performance effectiveness from faculty members\u2019 perspectives. Public Administration Journal, 63(2), 365\u2013439. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2024). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 2(1).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ali, W. M. (2024). Creative self-efficacy among teachers in the digital age. Innovations Journal for Humanities and Social Studies, 2(1). [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. (2012). \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632. \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.almostshar.com\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/www.almostshar.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Oumi, S. A. (2012). Self-efficacy and its relationship to achievement motivation. Al-Mustashar Website. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.almostshar.com\" target=\"_new\">http:\/\/www.almostshar.com<\/a> [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a. (2022). \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c 5(13)\u060c \u062c2.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Marei, H. I. B. (2022). Requirements for activating digital transformation in the educational process within departments of archives, libraries, and information at Egyptian public universities. Scientific Journal of Libraries, Documents and Information, 5(13), Part 2. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. (2007). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 8(4).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Mazrou, L. A. Al-Sulaiman. (2007). Self-efficacy and its relationship to achievement motivation and emotional intelligence among a sample of female students at Umm Al-Qura University. Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 8(4). [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646. (1994). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 [\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Masri, I. R. (1994). The effectiveness of a group counseling program in reducing social isolation behavior among middle-adolescent female students [Unpublished master\u2019s thesis, Faculty of Education, University of Jordan]. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643. (2021). \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629: \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c (42).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Maimani, B. M. (2021). The impact of digital transformations in human resource management on achieving total quality objectives: The case of the Public Authority for Investment in the Sultanate of Oman. Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Electronic Journal for the Publication of Scientific and Educational Research, (42). [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631. (2005). \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 [\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Nashi, W. A. (2005). Emotional intelligence and its relationship to self-efficacy among teachers [Doctoral dissertation, College of Arts, Al-Mustansiriyah University]. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191\u2013215. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71\u201381). Academic Press.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bandura, A. (2007). Much ado over a faulty conception of perceived self-efficacy grounded in faulty experimentation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 26(6), 641\u2013658. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1521\/jscp.2007.26.6.641\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1521\/jscp.2007.26.6.641<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Engler, B. (2003). Personality theories: An introduction (6th ed.). Houghton Mifflin.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kraus, S., Durst, S., Ferreira, J. J., Veiga, P., Kailer, N., &amp; Weinmann, A. (2022). Digital transformation in business and management research: An overview of the current status quo. International Journal of Information Management, 63, Article 102466. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102466\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102466<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Krueger, N. F., Jr., &amp; Dickson, P. R. (1993). Perceived self-efficacy and perceptions of opportunity and threat. Psychological Reports, 72(3_suppl), 1235\u20131240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2466\/pr0.1993.72.3c.1235<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Magesa, M. M., &amp; Jonathan, J. (2022). Conceptualizing digital leadership characteristics for successful digital transformation: The case of Tanzania. Information Technology for Development, 28(4), 777\u2013796. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02681102.2021.1991872\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02681102.2021.1991872<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reber, A. S., Allen, R., &amp; Reber, E. S. (2009). The Penguin dictionary of psychology (4th ed.). Penguin Books.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Rogers, C. M., Smith, M. D., &amp; Coleman, J. M. (1978). Social comparison in the classroom: The relationship between academic achievement and self-concept. Journal of Educational Psychology, 70(1), 50\u201357. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-0663.70.1.50\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-0663.70.1.50<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sdorow, L. M., &amp; Rickabaugh, C. A. (2002). Psychology (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Dong, J. Q., Fabian, N., &amp; Haenlein, M. (2021). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 122, 889\u2013901. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbusres.2019.09.022\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbusres.2019.09.022<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Woolfolk, A. E., Rosoff, B., &amp; Hoy, W. K. (1990). Teachers\u2019 sense of efficacy and their beliefs about managing students. Teaching and Teacher Education, 6(2), 137\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0742-051X(90)90031-Y<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647: \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17738","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17738","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17738"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17738\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17833,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17738\/revisions\/17833"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}