{"id":17518,"date":"2026-08-01T02:05:05","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T02:05:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-8-28\/"},"modified":"2026-08-01T13:11:54","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T13:11:54","slug":"7-8-28","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-8-28\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 28"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0623\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: hamdananas85@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Curriculum Enrichment for Gifted Students at the Primary Stage: Rationale and Strategies<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Anas Riyad Hamdan\u00b9<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 Ph.D. in Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> hamdananas85@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj78\/28' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj78\/28<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/78\/28' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/78\/28<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (8). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 515 - 538<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-07-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-07-20 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-08-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue8\/7-8-28.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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R.. (2026). Curriculum Enrichment for Gifted Students at the Primary Stage: Rationale and Strategies. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(8). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Hamdan, Anas Riyad. 2026. \\&quot;Curriculum Enrichment for Gifted Students at the Primary Stage: Rationale and Strategies.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 8. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Hamdan, A. R.. 2026. Curriculum Enrichment for Gifted Students at the Primary Stage: Rationale and Strategies. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-08-01. [Cited 2026-08-01]. 7(8). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-8-28\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Hamdan, A. R.. Curriculum Enrichment for Gifted Students at the Primary Stage: Rationale and Strategies. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-08-01; 7(8). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Hamdan, A. R., \\&quot;Curriculum Enrichment for Gifted Students at the Primary Stage: Rationale and Strategies,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 8, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Hamdan, Anas Riyad. \\&quot;Curriculum Enrichment for Gifted Students at the Primary Stage: Rationale and Strategies.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 8, 2026-08-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623. \u0631. (2026). \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(8). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636. 2026. \u00ab\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(8). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623. \u0631. \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-08-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-08-01]. 7(8). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-8-28\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623. \u0631. \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. 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https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636. \u00ab\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 8\u060c 2026-08-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj78\\\/28&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite 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class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> Gifted students are a source of innovation and creativity; therefore, investing in them and ensuring their preservation is a national duty, upheld by educational systems. To protect this valuable asset from losing motivation and wasting its potential, it is essential to activate enrichment programs that harness these latent energies and guide their academic and career paths. Accordingly, this analytical study\u2014grounded in the collection and analysis of data from literature and previous research\u2014aimed to identify the justifications and the specific needs of gifted students in primary schools for enrichment programs. The findings revealed that the limitations of current curricula in reaching diverse students necessitate the integration of enrichment programs grounded in differentiated instruction strategies. These initiatives encompass project-based learning, flexible learning models, and academic acceleration, alongside curriculum compacting. Furthermore, they emphasize the necessity of specialized teacher training and professional development to effectively engage with this specific student population. Ultimately, providing comprehensive psychosocial support stands as a fundamental pillar for the success and sustainability of these enrichment programs. In order to address the distinct needs of gifted learners and fulfill their inherent drive for excellence and innovation, it is essential to empower them toward achieving long-term sustainability in both their professional endeavors and their contributions to society.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> enrichment program, Gifted learners, Elementary Schools.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 (National Association for Gifted Children, 2020).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a Susantya &amp; Hawadi, 2019)) \u062d\u064a\u062b\u064f \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.1 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633: <strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17518-_Hlk235704188\"><\/a> 3. \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5.1 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061b \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u061b \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6.1 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>7.1 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2026.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>8.1 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0650\u0651\u0645\u062a \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a. (Batterjee, 2014; Reis, et al., 2021)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 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\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 (Marlina &amp; Pramudita, 2022)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3-\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong>: \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (Yuliana, 2022).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4-\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Yuliana, 2022).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6-\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 (Lutfiah, et al., 2026).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>7-\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a: <\/strong>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0646\u064a (2016) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a: <\/strong>\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0646\u064a (2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064f\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (Wulandari &amp; Nada, 2023; Marlina &amp; Pramudita, 2022; Yuliana, 2022; Lutfiah et al., 2026). \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 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<\/strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.3\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<strong> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17518-_Hlk235653172\"><\/a>\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 (Systematic Review)<\/strong>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (2019-2026). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.3 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17518-_Hlk235653216\"><\/a>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 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\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 (2019-2026).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.3 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 (Systematic Review) \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5.3 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17518-_Hlk235653282\"><\/a> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c 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\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 (2019-2026) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6.3 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 (2019-2026)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>National Association for Gifted Children [NAGC], 2019<\/td>\n<td>2019<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f &#8220;\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 (NAGC 2019) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8216;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629&#8217; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 &#8216;\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629&#8217; \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a (2020)<\/td>\n<td>2020<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (62) \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c. \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629. \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631 (2021)<\/td>\n<td>2021<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 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\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Redding, C., &amp; Grissom, J. A. (2021)<\/td>\n<td>2021<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 18,170 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2010\u20132011 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>(8) \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 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\u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 33 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646.<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 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\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064a (2025)<\/td>\n<td>2025<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0647 (2026\u060c (Lutfiah<\/td>\n<td>2026<\/td>\n<td>\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(Karakas M\u0131s\u0131r &amp; Thomas, 2026)<\/td>\n<td>2026<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010-2025.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646 (Akman, 2026)<\/td>\n<td>2026<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 (UDL) 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\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0646\u0634\u060c \u0623. (2023). \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 2(7): 242-261. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0631. (2021). \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645. (2022). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646: 44-60. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623. (2016). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u060c 26(1): 3-106 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645. (2020). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 4(12) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0641. (2024). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 48(3): 37-65. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645. (2025). \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c 156(1): 119-136.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0646\u0634\u060c \u0623. (2023). \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c 2(7)\u060c 242\u2013261.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abu Hanash, A. (2023). Caring for gifted and creative students and developing their creative abilities. Journal of the Palestinian Educators Association for Literature and Educational and Psychological Studies, 2(7), 242\u2013261. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0631. (2021). \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Asmar, R. (2021). Obstacles to identifying gifted students in Palestinian public schools from the perspectives of teachers and supervisors and proposed solutions. Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645. (2022). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c 44\u201360.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Toum, M. (2022). Obstacles to developing an enrichment program for gifted students in Palestine. Journal of the Palestinian Educators Association, 44\u201360. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623. (2016). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u2013\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u060c 26(1)\u060c 3\u2013106.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Dakhni, A. (2016). Horizontal and vertical enrichment strategies in a social web-network environment and their effects on academic achievement, creative thinking, and emotional intelligence among academically high-achieving students. Educational Technology: A Series of Studies and Research, 26(1), 3\u2013106. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645. (2020). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 4(12).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Otaibi, M. (2020). The current implementation of enrichment programs provided to gifted students in public schools and gifted education centers. Journal of Education for Humanities, 4(12). [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0641. (2024). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 48(3)\u060c 37\u201365.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Fayez, F. (2024). Psychological and social challenges facing gifted students. International Journal for Educational Research, 48(3), 37\u201365. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645. (2025). \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c 156(1)\u060c 119\u2013136.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Mutairi, M. (2025). Obstacles to implementing enrichment programs through virtual classrooms for gifted students from the perspectives of teachers and supervisors. Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, 156(1), 119\u2013136. [In Arabic]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aboud, Y. Z. (2023). Evaluating gifted students&#8217; perceptions of the characteristics of their effective teachers. <em>Frontiers in Education<\/em>, 8, Article 1088674.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Akman, S. (2026). Integration strategies for gifted students within the framework of inclusive education practices. In A. Kurnaz (Ed.), <em>Inclusive education and gifted learners: Academic, social, and emotional perspectives <\/em>(pp. 222\u2013264). Global Academy Publishing House.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alsamani, O. A., Alsamiri, Y. A., &amp; Alabdulwahab, R. A. (2026). Twice-exceptionality in primary schools: Teachers perceived barriers to identifying and supporting 2e students. <em>Acta Psychologica<\/em>, <em>262<\/em>, Article 106031.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Batterjee, A. (2014). The effect of grouping and program type on scholastic and affective outcomes in the Mawhiba schools&#8217; partnership initiative. <em>Gifted<\/em> <em>Education International<\/em>, 32(2): 123\u20134.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gagn\u00e9, F. (2013). The DMGT: changes within, beneath, and beyond. Talent Development &amp; Excellence, 5:5\u201319.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">G\u00fcl, M. D., &amp; Ay\u0131k, Z. (2025). Impacts of enrichment programs on cognitive and affective skills of gifted students: A meta-analysis. <em>PLoS ONE<\/em>, <em>20<\/em>(10), Article e0333714.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Karakas, S., &amp; Thomas, M. (2026). Gifted but Misunderstood? A Interpretive Methodological Review of Social and Emotional Education Policy, Practice, and Experience for Gifted Students in England. <em>Journal of Intelligence<\/em>, 14(3), 34.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lutfiah, Z. M., Ramadani, C. S., Zahra, K. L., &amp; Ritonga, R. (2026). Effective strategies for implementing remedial and enrichment learning activities in elementary schools: A literature study. <em>AMK Abdi Masyarakat UIKA<\/em>, 5 (1), 13\u201319.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Marlina, E., &amp; Pramudita, R. (2022). Upaya guru meningkatkan hasil belajar melalui kegiatan pengayaan berbasis proyek di sekolah dasar. <em>Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas<\/em>, 8(2), 77\u201385.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">National Association for Gifted Children. (2019). <em>2019 Pre-K-Grade 12 gifted programming standards<\/em>. nagc.org.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">National Association for Gifted Children. (2020). What is giftedness?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Raoof, K., Shokri, O., Fathabadi, J., &amp; Yadegari, L. (2024). Unpacking the underachievement of gifted students: A systematic review of internal and external factors. Heliyon, 10(17), e37107.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Redding, C., &amp; Grissom, J. A. (2021). Do Students in Gifted Programs Perform Better? Linking Gifted Program Participation to Achievement and Nonachievement Outcomes. <em>Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis<\/em>, <em>43<\/em>(3), 520\u2013544.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-17518-_Hlk235523227\"><\/a> Reis, M., Renzulli, J. &amp; Renzulli, S. (2021). Enrichment and Gifted Education Pedagogy to Develop Talents, Gifts, and Creative Productivity. <em>Education Sciences<\/em>, 11(10): 615.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Susantya, C. D., &amp; Hawadi, L. F. (2019). <em>Teacher Characteristics and Gifted Student Engagement as Influencing Factors on Academic Performance in Junior High School<\/em>. In 2nd International Conference on Intervention and Applied Psychology (ICIAP 2018) (pp. 556\u2013564). Atlantis Press.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Wulandari, R., &amp; Nada, Q. (2023). Meningkatkan assessment for learning melalui remedial, pengayaan, PAP dan PAN. Didaktik: <em>Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD,<\/em> 9(2).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yuliana, F. (2022). Kegiatan pengayaan berbasis minat untuk siswa berkemampuan tinggi di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter untuk Anak Sekolah Dasar, 6(2), 77\u201388.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 1.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17518","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17518"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17518\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17593,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17518\/revisions\/17593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}