{"id":1709,"date":"2021-10-01T07:54:27","date_gmt":"2021-10-01T07:54:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=1709"},"modified":"2021-10-01T07:54:31","modified_gmt":"2021-10-01T07:54:31","slug":"2-10-16","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/2-10-16\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064a1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: mustaphakhadiri1@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2021, 2(9); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj21016<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/10\/2021\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 20\/09\/2021\u0645<\/p>\n

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<\/a>Research Article <\/strong><\/p>\n

Reading in samples of contract documents between Muslims and Jews in Tinghir<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mustafa Khadiri1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup> University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez, Sais, Morocco<\/p>\n

Email: mustaphakhadiri1@gmail.com<\/p>\n

HNSJ, 2021, 2(9); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj291016<\/p>\n

\n

Published at 01\/10\/2021 Accepted at 20\/09\/2021 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The sales and purchase contracts concluded by the Jews with the Muslims in Tinghir constitute an important material heritage, and a real reservoir for a set of historical, economic, and legal realities, especially since the region has experienced a distinct coexistence that has been reduced between the two parties. They lived throughout these years in an atmosphere of security and peace. Also, they practiced their worship freely without much coercion, and secured their property, descendants, sale and graves, until the news of their unaccepted migration, beginning in 1961, came and they left after selling all their property such as houses, shops, and others to the local population of Tinghir. This article highlights a series of documented buying and selling contracts between the two parties that we obtained during our field visit to the region, by reading them historically, legally and economically.<\/p>\n

\n

Key Words: <\/strong>Muslims – Jews – Morocco – Tinghir – sales and purchase contracts – contract documents – material heritage.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642” \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644:” \u0633\u064c\u062c\u0651\u0650\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f 645 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 41 \u0641\u064a 20 \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1963 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a”.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0642\u0645 583\/1963 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629: \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d ” \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0649 ” \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 “\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0632”.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/li>\n
  4. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629:” \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f 645 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 41 \u0641\u064a 20 \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1963 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f.<\/li>\n
  5. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n
  6. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628” \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643” \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n
  7. \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646:<\/li>\n
  8. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 :\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u060c\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 [8]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 :\u00ab \u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0645\u00bb[9]<\/a><\/sup> \u060c\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645:(\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636)[10]<\/a><\/sup>.\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:” \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/strong> \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062b\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629” \u060c\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 “\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647” \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u060c\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647[11]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u2022\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648 “\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647<\/strong> ” \u0623\u064a: “\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0633\u062e \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 “[12]<\/a><\/sup>\u060c\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u061f \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647[13]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

    \u2022\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627<\/strong> \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0646\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0647.<\/p>\n

    \u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a)\u060c\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u060c\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646 :\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0632\u06af\u0645\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n

    \u062c- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 :\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 .<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062b\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645( 6000.00 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645)\u060c\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d .<\/p>\n

    4- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0634\u0650\u064a\u0644 ” \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u060c\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0644” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a .\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u060c\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 : \u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u060c\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0629…\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n

    \u0648\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a..\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627.<\/p>\n

    \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    -\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639.<\/p>\n

    – \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06372019\u060c2.<\/p>\n

    – \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f11\u060c \u06371998\u060c1.<\/p>\n

    – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 3\u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0628. \u062a.<\/p>\n

    – \u0634\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u06372009\u060c1.<\/p>\n

    – \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u060c2000.<\/p>\n

    Zafrani, Haim, P\u00e9dagogie Juive en Terre d\u2019Islam<\/em><\/strong>, librairie d\u2019Am\u00e9rique et d\u2019Orient, Adrien Maisonneuve, Paris ,1969.<\/p>\n

    \n

      \n
    1. – \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c2000\u060c \u0635\u060c314. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    2. -\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u0647\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639: ( \u0628.\u064a ) \u0648 (\u062a.\u0641 ) \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    3. – <\/a>Zafrani, Haim, P\u00e9dagogie Juive en Terre d\u2019Islam<\/em><\/strong>, librairie d\u2019Am\u00e9rique et d\u2019Orient, Adrien Maisonneuve, Paris ,1969. p.34 \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    4. Zafrani, Haim, P\u00e9dagogie Juive en Terre d\u2019Isla<\/em>m<\/strong>, op.cit.p.34. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    5. – \u062d\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c<\/strong>\u0645.\u0633\u060c557. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    6. 6- \u0634\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u060c\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u06372009\u060c1\u060c\u0635\u060c313. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    7. -\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0641\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644 <\/a>( \u0623.\u0633 ) \u0648 (\u063a.\u0639 ) \u0648 (\u0628.\u062d ) \u0628\u062a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    8. –<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06372019\u060c2\u060c \u0635\u060c35. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    9. -\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 29. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    10. – \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 2\u060c \u0635\u060c737.\n

      –<\/a>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u06371998\u060c1 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f11\u0635\u060c340. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n

    11. – \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645. \u0633\u060c \u0635\u060c36. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    12. – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635\u060c137. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
    13. \n

      – \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 3\u060c \u0635\u060c91. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064a1 1 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: mustaphakhadiri1@gmail.com HNSJ, 2021, 2(9); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj21016 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631: 01\/10\/2021\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: 20\/09\/2021\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1709","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1709"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1709\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1743,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1709\/revisions\/1743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}