{"id":16804,"date":"2026-05-11T19:58:36","date_gmt":"2026-05-11T19:58:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-4-43\/"},"modified":"2026-05-11T20:04:33","modified_gmt":"2026-05-11T20:04:33","slug":"7-4-43","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-4-43\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630\u0631\/ \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a. \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Chinese Policy Tools in the New World Order<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Rasool Yaqoub Youssef\u00b9<\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'>\u00b9 Islamic University of Lebanon. Supervised by: Prof. Dr. Mohammad Monzer, faculty member at the Islamic University of Beirut, Lebanon.<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj74\/43' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj74\/43<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/74\/43' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/74\/43<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (4). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 733 - 746<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-03-12 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-03-20 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-04-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue4\/7-4-43.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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Y.. (2026). Chinese Policy Tools in the New World Order. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(4). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/43&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Youssef Rasool Yaqoub. 2026. \\&quot;Chinese Policy Tools in the New World Order.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 4. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/43&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Youssef R. Y.. 2026. Chinese Policy Tools in the New World Order. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-04-01. [Cited 2026-05-27]. 7(4). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-4-43\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/43&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Youssef R. Y.. Chinese Policy Tools in the New World Order. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-04-01; 7(4). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/43&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Youssef R. Y., \\&quot;Chinese Policy Tools in the New World Order,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 4, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/43&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Youssef Rasool Yaqoub. \\&quot;Chinese Policy Tools in the New World Order.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 4, 2026-04-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj74\\\/43&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0631. \u064a. 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style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aims to analyze the tools of Chinese policy in light of the structural transformations taking place in the new world order, by examining how China employs sources of soft and hard power to strengthen its international position and reshape global balances of power. The study is based on a central research problem: To what extent has China been able to employ its economic, diplomatic, technological, military, and cultural tools to redefine its position in the international system? The study adopts the descriptive-analytical method, as it is the most appropriate approach for interpreting the nature of international transformations and their implications for Chinese strategy. The study concludes that China is no longer merely a rising economic actor, but has become an international power with a multi-tool strategic vision. The Belt and Road Initiative represents one of its most prominent economic mechanisms for expanding influence and linking interests with countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, and Latin America. The study also shows that Chinese diplomacy, active participation in international organizations, and the development of technological and military capabilities have contributed to strengthening China\u2019s presence in international decision-making centers. The study further concludes that China\u2019s rise reflects a gradual shift toward a more multipolar world order. However, this rise faces challenges related to the reactions of major powers, particularly the United States, as well as concerns among some countries regarding the expansion of Chinese influence. The study recommends deepening Arab academic research on Chinese policy and developing balanced Arab foreign policies that benefit from the opportunities offered by China\u2019s rise without overlooking the complexities of international competition.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> China, New World Order, Soft Power, Hard Power, Belt and Road Initiative.<\/p><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-16804-_Toc216289002\"><\/a><a id=\"post-16804-_Toc228884096\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 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justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 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\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-16804-footnote-ref-23\" href=\"#post-16804-footnote-23\">[23]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-16804-_Toc228884103\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b_ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1_ \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2_ \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3_ \u0625\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b_ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1_\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2_ \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3_\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/h2>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0643\u064a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a. (2007). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629: \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/strong>. \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0623\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kissinger, H. (2007). Does America Need a Foreign Policy? Toward a Diplomacy for the 21st Century [Arabic translation: The Opportunity: America\u2019s Moment to Alter History]. Translated by Asaad Kamel Elias. Riyadh: Obeikan Library.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2009). <strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u06371. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Faraj, A. M. (2009). The Theory of Realism in International Relations (1st ed.). Sulaymaniyah, Iraq: Kurdistan Center for Strategic Studies.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631. (2010). <strong>\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abdel Fattah, B. (2010). Renewing American Hegemony. Beirut: Arab Scientific Publishers; Doha: Al Jazeera Center for Studies.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644. (2011). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/strong>. \u06371. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Hadithi, K. I. (2011). International Relations: Theory and Facts, Actors and Issues (1st ed.). Beirut: Al-Halabi Legal Publications.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642. (2011). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/strong>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abdel Salam, R. (2011). The United States between Hard Power and Soft Power. Beirut: Al-Intishar Al-Arabi Foundation.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628. (2000). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u06371. \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062c\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0633.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Nasiri, S. K. (2000). Media and American Foreign Policy (1st ed.). Lebanon: Jarrous Press.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645. (2021). <strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Awad, A. H. (2021). The Role of Military Power in American Strategy. Baghdad: Center for International Studies, University of Baghdad.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f. (2010). <strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u06373. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hussein, A. S. (2010). The Theory of International Relations (3rd ed.). Beirut: University Foundation for Studies, Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0641. (2016). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u06371. \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Rifai, A. M. A. (2016). Soft Power and Its Impact on the Future of American Hegemony (1st ed.). Baghdad: Al-Sanhouri Library.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0632\u0643\u064a. (2000). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong>. \u06371. \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mohammed, F. Z. (2000). Diplomacy in a Changing World (1st ed.). Baghdad: Dar Al-Hikma for Printing and Publishing.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644. (2009). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/strong>. \u06371. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0638\u0628\u064a: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Schiffer, M. (2009). The United States and Rising Powers (1st ed.). Abu Dhabi: Al Jazeera Center for International Studies.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0646\u0627\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0633. (2007). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629: \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nye, J. S. (2007). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. Translated into Arabic by Mohammed Tawfiq Al-Bijermi. Riyadh: Obeikan Library.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2010). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/strong>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hamdan, M. (2010). Soft War. Beirut: Dar Al-Walaa for Printing, Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2013). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f<\/strong>. \u06371. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hamdan, M. (2013). Soft Power and Remote Conflict Management (1st ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Mahabba for Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0649. (2018). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong>. \u06371. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">l-Moussawi, M. (2018). Western Civilizational Conflict with the Third World (1st ed.). Beirut: Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a. (2008). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 20\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Salem, A. A. (2008). Power, Culture, and the Post-Cold War World. The Arab Journal of Humanities, 20, Zayed University, United Arab Emirates.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d. (2010). <strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong>. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Obaidi, K. W. S. (2010). The Role of the Technological Variable in the International System after the Cold War. Unpublished master\u2019s thesis, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631. (2016). <strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Kaoud, I. K. O. (2016). Soft Power Strategy and Its Role in Implementing the Objectives of American Foreign Policy in the Arab Region. PhD dissertation in Political Science, Middle East University, Jordan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2018\u060c \u063528. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2010\u060c \u063554. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062c\u0631\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c 2017\u060c \u063512. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2011\u060c \u06359. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-5\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 2021\u060c \u063577. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-6\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c 2017\u060c \u063526. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063587. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-8\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 2010\u060c \u0635111. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-9\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c 2000\u060c \u063589. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-10\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c 2016\u060c \u063577. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-11\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2013\u060c \u0635154. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-12\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635287. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-13\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0638\u0628\u064a\u060c 2009\u060c \u0635123. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-14\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0625\u064a\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c 2016\u060c \u063538. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-15\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 20\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c 2008\u060c \u0635221. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-16\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635190. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-17\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0625\u064a\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u063589 . <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-18\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635290. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-18\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-19\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2009\u060c \u063535. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>()\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2011. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-21\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06373\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2010 \u060c \u0635200. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-22\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c 2010 \u060c \u0635203. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-16804-footnote-23\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">() \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c 2000\u060c \u0635 38. <a href=\"#post-16804-footnote-ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0628 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062a\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16804","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16804"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16804\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16809,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16804\/revisions\/16809"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}