{"id":16623,"date":"2026-05-01T09:04:43","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T09:04:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/7-5-49\/"},"modified":"2026-05-02T20:41:46","modified_gmt":"2026-05-02T20:41:46","slug":"7-5-49","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-5-49\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 49"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u062f. \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: edrismaysarakhalil@yahoo.com<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup> \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Maysara7004@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Change Management and its Impact on Organizational Behavior within Institutions (Study of Al-Zain Converting Industries Company)<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Dr. Maysara Khalil Idris Mohammed<sup>1<\/sup>, Dr. Idris Khalil Idris Mohammed<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Business Administration, Sudan.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> edrismaysarakhalil@yahoo.com.<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>2<\/sup> Business Administration, Sudan.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> Maysara7004@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj75\/49' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj75\/49<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/75\/49' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/75\/49<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (5). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 879 - 897<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-04-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-04-22 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-05-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue5\/7-5-49.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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K. I., Mohammed I. K. I.. (2026). Change Management and its Impact on Organizational Behavior within Institutions (Study of Al-Zain Converting Industries Company). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(5). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/49&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Mohammed Maysara Khalil Idris, Mohammed Idris Khalil Idris. 2026. \\&quot;Change Management and its Impact on Organizational Behavior within Institutions (Study of Al-Zain Converting Industries Company).\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 5. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/49&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Mohammed M. K. I., Mohammed I. K. I.. 2026. Change Management and its Impact on Organizational Behavior within Institutions (Study of Al-Zain Converting Industries Company). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-05-01. [Cited 2026-05-21]. 7(5). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/ar\\\/7-5-49\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/49&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Mohammed M. K. I., Mohammed I. K. I.. Change Management and its Impact on Organizational Behavior within Institutions (Study of Al-Zain Converting Industries Company). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-05-01; 7(5). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/49&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Mohammed M. K. I., Mohammed I. K. I., \\&quot;Change Management and its Impact on Organizational Behavior within Institutions (Study of Al-Zain Converting Industries Company),\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 5, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/49&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Mohammed Maysara Khalil Idris, Mohammed Idris Khalil Idris. \\&quot;Change Management and its Impact on Organizational Behavior within Institutions (Study of Al-Zain Converting Industries Company).\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 5, 2026-05-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj75\\\/49&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645. \u062e. \u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625. \u062e. \u0627. 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \r\n<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> The paper aimed to shed light on the concept of change management and how to guide organizational behavior in institutions to keep up with changes in internal and external environments, enhance competitiveness, and consequently deliver the product or services expected by the customer. The main problem addressed in the paper is: how change management achieve the desired impact on organizational behavior within institutions?\r\nThe researcher used the deductive method to select hypotheses, and the escriptive method to describe the current state of the company and the phenomena and facts related to the topic, and the inductive method to analyze data in order to reach results. \r\nFor collecting primary data, the researcher followed tools such as observation, meeting, reports, and questionnaires, and for secondary data, books, references, journals, newspapers, previous studies, and the Internet were used.\r\nThe researcher was selected some hypotheses to achieve the objectives of the paper, including the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the impact of change management and organizational behavior within institutions, and the existence of a statistical relationship between organizational behavior and enhancing the institution's competitive capability.\r\nThe study found a number of results, including: the company adopts change management seriously to keep up with environmental changes, change management positively affects organizational behavior, there are significant challenges facing change management in guiding employees' attitudes toward work and the organization, and the effectiveness of change management enhances the institution's competitive ability.                                            \r\nThe study concluded with a number of recommendations, the most prominent of which the management to set a clear plan for change, provide training and development for employees, communicate well with them, effectively manage resistance to change, and for research centers to publish studies that help in effectively managing change.\r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Change management, Organization, organizational behavior, competitiveness.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0640. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628. \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631: \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 Kotter, 1996) ).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a: \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645\u060c 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0647\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a. \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a.\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.\u00a0\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1): \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"634\" height=\"466\" class=\"wp-image-16759\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-1.png 634w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-1-300x221.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-1-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-1-80x60.png 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b 2022<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: (\u0642\u0637\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628. \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c. 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632. \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">9. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">10. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">11. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">12. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">13. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fastercapital.com\/arabpreneur\/%D8%AD%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1--%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/usc.com.sa\/%d8%a5%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ba%d9%8a%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a\/\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/a>\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6. \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7. \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (2): \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1062\" height=\"970\" class=\"wp-image-16760\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-2.png 1062w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-2-300x274.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-2-1024x935.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-2-768x701.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-2-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1062px) 100vw, 1062px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0643\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639 &#8220;\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u062a\u0631&#8221;.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1f54a027c022068e892839172316ff321569f557fc8995f2638e3f937c1eba29JmltdHM9MTc2NTY3MDQwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=0427f6d1-63f1-6496-040a-e55b62f86583&amp;psq=%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%af+%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%86%d8%b3&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9oYnIub3JnLw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Harvard Business Review<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 8 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25cf \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25cf \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0629 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justify;\">\u0647\u0640. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4): \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"814\" height=\"628\" class=\"wp-image-16762\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-4.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-4.png 814w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-4-300x231.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-4-768x593.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-4-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: (\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c1994)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 (SPSS) \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623. <strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 25 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 26 \u2013 30 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 31 \u2013 35 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 36 \u2013 39 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p>40 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>30<\/p>\n<p>90<\/p>\n<p>60<\/p>\n<p>20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>15 %<\/p>\n<p>45 %<\/p>\n<p>30 %<\/p>\n<p>10 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>200<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (5) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"594\" height=\"300\" class=\"wp-image-16763\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-5.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-5.png 594w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-5-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-5-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 594px) 100vw, 594px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 45%\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 31 \u2013 35 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644). <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644(2) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \/ \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>25<\/p>\n<p>150<\/p>\n<p>24<\/p>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>12.5 %<\/p>\n<p>75 %<\/p>\n<p>12 %<\/p>\n<p>5. 0 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>200<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (6) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"595\" height=\"277\" class=\"wp-image-16764\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-6.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-6.png 595w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-6-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-6-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 595px) 100vw, 595px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (77.5%) \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (3) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>167<\/p>\n<p>11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5.%<\/p>\n<p>5.%<\/p>\n<p>5 %<\/p>\n<p>5 %<\/p>\n<p>83.5 %<\/p>\n<p>5.5 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>200<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (7) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"715\" height=\"276\" class=\"wp-image-16765\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-7.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-7.png 715w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-7-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-7-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 83.5 % \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062f. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 1 \u2013 3 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 4 \u2013 6 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 7 \u2013 10 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p>11 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>15<\/p>\n<p>35<\/p>\n<p>125<\/p>\n<p>15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5 %<\/p>\n<p>7.5 %<\/p>\n<p>17.5 %<\/p>\n<p>62.5 %<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>200<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0634\u0643\u0644 (8) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"257\" class=\"wp-image-16766\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-8.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-8.png 602w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-8-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-8-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 60% \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u064a10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0638\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>180<\/p>\n<p>170<\/p>\n<p>187<\/p>\n<p>190<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>15<\/p>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>15<\/p>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>90%<\/p>\n<p>85 %<\/p>\n<p>93,5 %<\/p>\n<p>95 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5 %<\/p>\n<p>7,5%<\/p>\n<p>4 %<\/p>\n<p>2,5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5 %<\/p>\n<p>7,5 %<\/p>\n<p>2,5 %<\/p>\n<p>2,5 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (9) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"628\" height=\"237\" class=\"wp-image-16767\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-9.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-9.png 628w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-9-300x113.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-9-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a :90 % \u060c85 % \u060c93,5 %\u060c 95% \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 7,5 % \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211; \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>190<\/p>\n<p>170<\/p>\n<p>150<\/p>\n<p>182<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>30<\/p>\n<p>30<\/p>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>20<\/p>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>95 %<\/p>\n<p>85 %<\/p>\n<p>75 %<\/p>\n<p>91 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,5 %<\/p>\n<p>15 %<\/p>\n<p>15 %<\/p>\n<p>4 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,5 %<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>10 %<\/p>\n<p>5 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0644 (10) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"593\" height=\"286\" class=\"wp-image-16768\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-10.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-10.png 593w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-10-300x145.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/word-image-16623-10-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 593px) 100vw, 593px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 95% \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 10%\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 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justify;\">2. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">10. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">11. \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0640\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0640\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">12. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">13. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8. \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0643\u064a. (2007). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645: \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ismail, M. (2007). <strong>Organizational Behavior<\/strong>. Khartoum: Sudan Open University.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645. (2012). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ahmed, A. R. (2012). <strong>Organizational Behavior<\/strong>. Alexandria: Dar Al-Jami\u2018a Al-Jadida.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. (2015). <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mohammed, A. F. (2015). <strong>Competitive Advantage<\/strong>. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0628. (2024). <strong>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong>. \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0629: \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mustafa, Q. (2024). <strong>Organizational Change Management<\/strong>. Ras Al Khaimah: Strategic Planning Skills Academy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628. (2016). <strong>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong>. \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Hamou, D. (2016). <strong>The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Performance<\/strong>. Damascus: Al-Baath University.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a. (2025). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646. <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Amari, S. (2025). The impact of change management on employees\u2019 job performance efficiency. <strong>International Journal for Publishing Research and Studies<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. (2020\u060c 14 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631). <strong>\u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shaker, S. (2020, January 14). <strong>A Historical Overview of the Company<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kotter, J. P, Leading Change, (Cambridge: Harvard Business Review Press.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bing.com\/ck\/a?!&amp;&amp;p=1f54a027c022068e892839172316ff321569f557fc8995f2638e3f937c1eba29JmltdHM9MTc2NTY3MDQwMA&amp;ptn=3&amp;ver=2&amp;hsh=4&amp;fclid=0427f6d1-63f1-6496-040a-e55b62f86583&amp;psq=%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%af+%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%86%d8%b3&amp;u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9oYnIub3JnLw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Harvard Business Review<\/a>.https:\/\/hbrarabic.com<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629: \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0640\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0630\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16623","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16623"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16623\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16769,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16623\/revisions\/16769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}