{"id":16018,"date":"2026-03-01T00:04:05","date_gmt":"2026-03-01T00:04:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=16018"},"modified":"2026-03-15T18:19:25","modified_gmt":"2026-03-15T18:19:25","slug":"7-3-4","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-3-4\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0631\u063a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: raghda.matani@hotmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Arab Students\u2019 Attitudes in a Mixed City Toward Both the Arabic and Hebrew Languages, Their Speakers, and Learning Them.<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Raghda Mar\u2019i Matani<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> An-Najah National University, Graduate Studies College, Nablus, Palestine.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> raghda.matani@hotmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj73\/4' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj73\/4<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/73\/4' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/73\/4<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (3). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 82 - 91<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-02-01 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-02-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-03-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue3\/7-3-4.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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M.. (2026). Arab Students\u2019 Attitudes in a Mixed City Toward Both the Arabic and Hebrew Languages, Their Speakers, and Learning Them.. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(3). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj73\\\/4&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Matani Raghda Mar\u2019i. 2026. \\&quot;Arab Students\u2019 Attitudes in a Mixed City Toward Both the Arabic and Hebrew Languages, Their Speakers, and Learning Them..\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 3. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj73\\\/4&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Matani R. M.. 2026. Arab Students\u2019 Attitudes in a Mixed City Toward Both the Arabic and Hebrew Languages, Their Speakers, and Learning Them.. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-03-01. [Cited 2026-04-25]. 7(3). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-3-4\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj73\\\/4&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Matani R. M.. Arab Students\u2019 Attitudes in a Mixed City Toward Both the Arabic and Hebrew Languages, Their Speakers, and Learning Them.. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-03-01; 7(3). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj73\\\/4&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Matani R. M., \\&quot;Arab Students\u2019 Attitudes in a Mixed City Toward Both the Arabic and Hebrew Languages, Their Speakers, and Learning Them.,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 3, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj73\\\/4&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Matani Raghda Mar\u2019i. \\&quot;Arab Students\u2019 Attitudes in a Mixed City Toward Both the Arabic and Hebrew Languages, Their Speakers, and Learning Them..\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 3, 2026-03-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj73\\\/4&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631. \u0645. 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https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj73\\\/4&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u063a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a. \u00ab\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 3\u060c 2026-03-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj73\\\/4&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aimed to examine Arab students\u2019 attitudes in a mixed city toward the Arabic language in terms of learning and its speakers, as well as their attitudes toward the Hebrew language. It also investigated the effect of religiosity and gender on these attitudes. The study adopted a quantitative approach and utilized a questionnaire to measure students\u2019 attitudes toward both Arabic and Hebrew. The findings revealed that Arab students in the mixed city hold positive attitudes toward both the Arabic and Hebrew languages, contrary to the study\u2019s initial assumption that negative attitudes toward Arabic would prevail. The results also indicated a statistically significant positive relationship between students\u2019 attitudes toward the two languages. However, statistically significant differences were found between attitudes toward Arabic and Hebrew, with more positive attitudes toward Hebrew. Furthermore, religiosity did not have a significant effect on students\u2019 attitudes toward Arabic, whereas significant differences were found in attitudes toward Hebrew according to the level of religiosity, with non-religious students exhibiting more positive attitudes than religious students. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were found between male and female students regarding their attitudes toward the Arabic language. The study highlights the role of the social context of mixed cities in shaping linguistic attitudes among Arab students and emphasizes the importance of linguistic coexistence in fostering positive attitudes toward both languages.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Language attitudes, Arabic language, Hebrew language, mixed cities, religiosity, Arab student.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645\u061f<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.1 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643. (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c 2010. \u0635150)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 (2013) \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0631\u0646\u062f\u064a (2018) \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647. \u0641\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0638\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0631\u064f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0636\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> 3.2 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a. (\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c 2013. \u063530)<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644. (\u05d7&#8217;\u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9, 2010).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> 3.4 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0629 (2018) \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a (2017) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0632\u0650\u062f\u0652 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a (2017) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 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justify;\"><strong>3.5 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 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\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 (\u05e8\u05db\u05e1, 2007).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.6 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 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\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629. (\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c 2006).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064f\u0632\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 54 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.1 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\\\u0642\u0633\u0645 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>N<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>27.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>46.3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>83.3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2: <\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>(1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>(2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.51**<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sub>**p&lt;0.01<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 (r=0.51, p&lt;0.01). \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 3<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 n=54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.94<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>3.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>0.001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.72<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 (t (53) =3.55, p&lt;0.01) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 3. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 (M=4.27, SD=0.72) \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (M=3.94, SD=0.65).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\">\n<p><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 F \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>n=6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638<\/p>\n<p>n=26<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>n=22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 F<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.06<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.88<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.74<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.42<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.99<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.86<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.83<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-16018-_Hlk69200367\"><\/a> \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 F \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 (F (2,51) =3.83, p&lt;0.05) \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 (M=4.53, SD=0.90) \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 (M=3.99, SD=0.86).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 5.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 5: <\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.94<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.72<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 5 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (M=3.94, SD=0.65) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 (M=4.27, SD=0.72). \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 5 \u062a\u062f\u062d\u0636 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 6.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<p><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 6<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631<\/p>\n<p>n=22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p>n=32<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 T<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.94<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.93<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>0.91<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.86<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>0.57<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 6 <a id=\"post-16018-_Hlk69203497\"><\/a>\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.94, \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.65) \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.93\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.65). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (t (52) =0.11, p&gt;0.05).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-16018-_Hlk69203335\"><\/a> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 4.20, \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.86) \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 4.31, \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.62) \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (t (52) =0.52, p&gt;0.05).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 6 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u062d\u0635\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 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\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"280\" data-end=\"3204\">\n<li data-section-id=\"kikgrq\" data-start=\"280\" data-end=\"519\">\n<p data-start=\"283\" data-end=\"519\">\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2006). \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<br data-start=\"378\" data-end=\"381\" \/>Amara, Muhammad. (2006). The Vitality of the Arabic Language in Israel. Kafr Qara, Palestine: Dar Al-Huda for Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"112sd06\" data-start=\"521\" data-end=\"730\">\n<p data-start=\"524\" data-end=\"730\">\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2020). \u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u062a\u064a. \u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631.<br data-start=\"611\" data-end=\"614\" \/>Amara, Muhammad. (2020). My Language Is My Identity. Kafr Qara, Palestine; Amman, Jordan: Dar Al-Huda &amp; Dar Al-Fikr.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ijy8ey\" data-start=\"732\" data-end=\"1105\">\n<p data-start=\"735\" data-end=\"1105\">\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646. (2004). \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<br data-start=\"899\" data-end=\"902\" \/>Amara, Muhammad, &amp; Mar\u2019i, Abdul Rahman. (2004). Language Education Policy Toward Arab Citizens in Israel. Kafr Qara, Palestine: Center for Arabic Literature at Beit Berl College &amp; Dar Al-Huda Publishing.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xmsb5e\" data-start=\"1107\" data-end=\"1625\">\n<p data-start=\"1110\" data-end=\"1625\">\u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2017). \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a (\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629). \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627.<br data-start=\"1347\" data-end=\"1350\" \/>Sabri, Mohammed. (2017). The Phenomenon of Students\u2019 Loss of Motivation in Learning Arabic in a Bilingual Secondary School in Batu in Light of D\u00f6rnyei\u2019s Behavioral Change Theory (Unpublished Master\u2019s Thesis). Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qq0kdm\" data-start=\"1627\" data-end=\"1850\">\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1850\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0622\u062c\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627. (2010). Sosiolinguistik: Perkenalan awal. \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627: Rineka Cipta.<br data-start=\"1731\" data-end=\"1734\" \/>Abdul Khair, &amp; Yuni Agustina. (2010). <em data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1815\">Sociolinguistics: An Initial Introduction<\/em>. Jakarta, Indonesia: Rineka Cipta.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"159a428\" data-start=\"1852\" data-end=\"2130\">\n<p data-start=\"1855\" data-end=\"2130\">\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646. (2013). Sosiolinguistik: Suatu pendekatan pembelajaran bahasa dalam masyarakat multikultural. \u062c\u063a\u062c\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627: Graha Ilmu.<br data-start=\"1993\" data-end=\"1996\" \/>Fathur Rahman. (2013). <em data-start=\"2019\" data-end=\"2094\">Sociolinguistics: A Language Learning Approach in a Multicultural Society<\/em>. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Graha Ilmu.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"znhcb9\" data-start=\"2132\" data-end=\"2578\">\n<p data-start=\"2135\" data-end=\"2578\">\u0631\u0646\u062f\u064a. (2018). \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629). \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627.<br data-start=\"2321\" data-end=\"2324\" \/>Randi. (2018). A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Education in the Department of Arabic Language Teaching (Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis). Alauddin State Islamic University, Makassar, Indonesia.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hqifvb\" data-start=\"2580\" data-end=\"2726\">\n<p data-start=\"2583\" data-end=\"2726\">\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627. (2013). Sosiolinguistik. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627: Angkasa.<br data-start=\"2651\" data-end=\"2654\" \/>Mansur, Fatida. (2013). <em data-start=\"2678\" data-end=\"2696\">Sociolinguistics<\/em>. Bandung, Indonesia: Angkasa.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4e34om\" data-start=\"2728\" data-end=\"3016\">\n<p data-start=\"2731\" data-end=\"3016\">\u05d7&#8217;\u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9, \u05e0\u2019\u05d3\u05d0\u05dc. (2010). \u05de\u05e9\u05d0\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d4: \u05de\u05e2\u05de\u05d3 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d4\u05e9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d6\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9. \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1: \u05d0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d1\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d8\u05ea \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1.<br data-start=\"2849\" data-end=\"2852\" \/>Khamaisi, Nidal. (2010). <em data-start=\"2877\" data-end=\"2984\">Resources of Consciousness: The Status of Arab Culture, Language, and Identity in a Jewish-Majority State<\/em>. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qb7mfu\" data-start=\"3018\" data-end=\"3204\">\n<p data-start=\"3022\" data-end=\"3204\">\u05e8\u05db\u05e1, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d9. (2007). \u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d0\u05da \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05d3: \u05e2\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc. \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1: \u05d0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d1\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d8\u05ea \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1.<br data-start=\"3102\" data-end=\"3105\" \/>Rekhess, Elie. (2007). <em data-start=\"3128\" data-end=\"3172\">Together but Apart: Mixed Cities in Israel<\/em>. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16018","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16018","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16018"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16018\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16137,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16018\/revisions\/16137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16018"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}