{"id":15746,"date":"2026-01-31T21:27:29","date_gmt":"2026-01-31T21:27:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15746"},"modified":"2026-03-15T22:23:19","modified_gmt":"2026-03-15T22:23:19","slug":"7-2-10","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-2-10\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u2013 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062f: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4509-2401<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644: m.abouyahia@uiz.ac.ma<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Islam&#039;s Approach to Environmental Care: A Shari&#039;a Reading in the Concept and Preventive Structure<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Mohammed Abu Yahya<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Professor of Higher Education, Faculty of Sharia, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco. ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4509-2401\/<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> m.abouyahia@uiz.ac.ma<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj72\/10' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj72\/10<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/72\/10' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/72\/10<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (2). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 142 - 158<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-01-01 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2026-01-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-02-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue2\/7-2-10.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). Islam&#039;s Approach to Environmental Care: A Shari&#039;a Reading in the Concept and Preventive Structure. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(2). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj72\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Mohammed Abu Yahya. 2026. \\&quot;Islam&#039;s Approach to Environmental Care: A Shari&#039;a Reading in the Concept and Preventive Structure.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 2. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj72\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Abu Yahya M. 2026. Islam&#039;s Approach to Environmental Care: A Shari&#039;a Reading in the Concept and Preventive Structure. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-02-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 7(2). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-2-10\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj72\\\/10&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Abu Yahya M. Islam&#039;s Approach to Environmental Care: A Shari&#039;a Reading in the Concept and Preventive Structure. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-02-01; 7(2). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj72\\\/10&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Abu Yahya M, \\&quot;Islam&#039;s Approach to Environmental Care: A Shari&#039;a Reading in the Concept and Preventive Structure,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 2, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj72\\\/10&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Mohammed Abu Yahya. \\&quot;Islam&#039;s Approach to Environmental Care: A Shari&#039;a Reading in the Concept and Preventive Structure.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 2, 2026-02-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj72\\\/10&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0645. 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\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u064a.\r\n<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> Objectives: This study aims to clarify the comprehensive Islamic conception of the environment in terms of its foundations and objectives, and to highlight the integration between the objectives of Islamic law (Maq\u0101\u1e63id al-Shar\u012b\u02bfa) and the development of responsible environmental awareness. It also seeks to examine the preventive guidelines embedded in the Islamic legal texts and to reveal their ethical and functional dimensions and their role in addressing contemporary environmental challenges.\r\nMethodology: The study adopts analytical, inductive, maq\u0101\u1e63id-based, and comparative approaches, focusing exclusively on the Islamic legal texts of the Qur\u02be\u0101n and the Prophetic Sunnah, without addressing the technical or purely scientific details of environmental issues. The research is structured around two main themes: the concept of environmental awareness in Islam and its intellectual and behavioral components, and the preventive directives related to environmental protection and the preservation of its resources.\r\nResults: The findings indicate that the Islamic perspective assigns great importance to the principles of stewardship (khil\u0101fah) and environmental balance as two fundamental concepts in civilizational development. The study also demonstrates the richness of Islamic legal texts in practical environmental principles capable of guiding sustainable environmental behavior grounded in a solid ethical foundation.\r\nConclusion: The study concludes that the Islamic approach provides an integrated preventive framework for environmental protection that surpasses many fragmented secular approaches in terms of comprehensiveness. It recommends integrating the Sharia-based environmental vision into public policies, enhancing environmental awareness within educational curricula and religious discourse, and encouraging environmental studies from a jurisprudential and maq\u0101\u1e63id-oriented perspective.\r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Islamic environmental awareness, succession, environmental protection, environmental balance, preventive construction.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647: \ufd3f\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 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\u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627: \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u062f \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 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\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xnmo42\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"86\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"3\" data-end=\"86\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645.<br data-start=\"36\" data-end=\"39\" \/>The Holy Qur\u2019an (Narration of Hafs from \u2018Asim).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"1tgeu5a\" data-start=\"88\" data-end=\"222\">\n<p data-start=\"91\" data-end=\"222\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0633. (\u062f.\u062a). \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"148\" data-end=\"151\" \/>Abu Dawud, S. (n.d.). <em data-start=\"173\" data-end=\"190\">Sunan Abi Dawud<\/em>. Beirut: Al-Maktaba Al-Asriyya.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"61vot2\" data-start=\"224\" data-end=\"347\">\n<p data-start=\"227\" data-end=\"347\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645. (1981). \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641.<br data-start=\"282\" data-end=\"285\" \/>Ibn Manzur, M. (1981). <em data-start=\"308\" data-end=\"323\">Lisan Al-Arab<\/em>. Cairo: Dar Al-Ma\u2018arif.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"79j0cj\" data-start=\"349\" data-end=\"479\">\n<p data-start=\"352\" data-end=\"479\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645. (\u062f.\u062a). \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629.<br data-start=\"407\" data-end=\"410\" \/>Al-Bukhari, M. (n.d.). <em data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"451\">Sahih Al-Bukhari<\/em>. Beirut: Dar Tawq Al-Najat.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"1qyfiye\" data-start=\"481\" data-end=\"623\">\n<p data-start=\"484\" data-end=\"623\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0623. (2003). \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"543\" data-end=\"546\" \/>Al-Bayhaqi, A. (2003). <em data-start=\"569\" data-end=\"588\">Al-Sunan Al-Kubra<\/em>. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"9lz1ph\" data-start=\"625\" data-end=\"781\">\n<p data-start=\"628\" data-end=\"781\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633. (1997). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u06371. \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<br data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"690\" \/>Al-Jumaili, S. (1997). <em data-start=\"713\" data-end=\"740\">Islam and the Environment<\/em>. 1st ed. Markaz Al-Kitab for Publishing.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"nv5d97\" data-start=\"783\" data-end=\"949\">\n<p data-start=\"786\" data-end=\"949\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645. (\u062f.\u062a). \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<br data-start=\"858\" data-end=\"861\" \/>Al-Zabidi, M. (n.d.). <em data-start=\"883\" data-end=\"917\">Taj Al-Arus min Jawahir Al-Qamus<\/em>. Beirut: Dar Maktabat Al-Hayat.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"1d78ckt\" data-start=\"951\" data-end=\"1123\">\n<p data-start=\"954\" data-end=\"1123\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0641. (1999). \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u06371. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629.<br data-start=\"1022\" data-end=\"1025\" \/>Al-Sartawi, F. (1999). <em data-start=\"1048\" data-end=\"1091\">The Environment and the Islamic Dimension<\/em>. 1st ed. Amman: Dar Al-Masirah.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"135gok3\" data-start=\"1125\" data-end=\"1272\">\n<p data-start=\"1128\" data-end=\"1272\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645. (1999). \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631. \u06371. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<br data-start=\"1190\" data-end=\"1193\" \/>Al-Shawkani, M. (1999). <em data-start=\"1217\" data-end=\"1232\">Fath Al-Qadir<\/em>. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"q3gpwb\" data-start=\"1274\" data-end=\"1475\">\n<p data-start=\"1278\" data-end=\"1475\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0645. (\u062f.\u062a). \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"1359\" data-end=\"1362\" \/>Al-Sahib, M. (n.d.). <em data-start=\"1383\" data-end=\"1433\">The Islamic Approach to Environmental Protection<\/em>. Faculty of Sharia, University of Jordan.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"1q2z46r\" data-start=\"1477\" data-end=\"1762\">\n<p data-start=\"1481\" data-end=\"1762\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0639. (2007). \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u06371. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"1602\" data-end=\"1605\" \/>Al-Turaibiq, A. (2007). <em data-start=\"1629\" data-end=\"1680\">Islam\u2019s Perspective on Environmental Conservation<\/em>. 1st ed. Morocco: Publications of the Ministry of Endowments and Islamic Affairs.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"c0pzed\" data-start=\"1764\" data-end=\"1908\">\n<p data-start=\"1768\" data-end=\"1908\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a\u060c \u0623. (1998). \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"1828\" data-end=\"1831\" \/>Al-Maraghi, A. (1998). <em data-start=\"1854\" data-end=\"1873\">Tafsir Al-Maraghi<\/em>. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"a1qvc2\" data-start=\"1910\" data-end=\"2088\">\n<p data-start=\"1914\" data-end=\"2088\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u064a. (2008). \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<br data-start=\"1984\" data-end=\"1987\" \/>Al-Manzalawi, Y. (2008). <em data-start=\"2012\" data-end=\"2057\">The Environment from an Islamic Perspective<\/em>. Amman: Dar Kunooz Al-Ma\u2018rifa.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"x7wpbi\" data-start=\"2090\" data-end=\"2319\">\n<p data-start=\"2094\" data-end=\"2319\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0639. (1999). \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u06371. \u0642\u0637\u0631: \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"2184\" data-end=\"2187\" \/>Al-Najjar, A. (1999). <em data-start=\"2209\" data-end=\"2259\">Environmental Issues from an Islamic Perspective<\/em>. 1st ed. Qatar: Ministry of Endowments and Islamic Affairs.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"qx4rm1\" data-start=\"2321\" data-end=\"2469\">\n<p data-start=\"2325\" data-end=\"2469\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645. (\u062f.\u062a). \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<br data-start=\"2389\" data-end=\"2392\" \/>Al-Nisaburi, M. (n.d.). <em data-start=\"2416\" data-end=\"2430\">Sahih Muslim<\/em>. Beirut: Dar Ihya\u2019 Al-Turath Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"3z8325\" data-start=\"2471\" data-end=\"2720\">\n<p data-start=\"2475\" data-end=\"2720\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645. (1993). \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629: \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627.<br data-start=\"2576\" data-end=\"2579\" \/>Al-Fiqi, M. (1993). <em data-start=\"2599\" data-end=\"2694\">The Environment: Its Problems, Issues, and Protection from Pollution \u2013 An Islamic Perspective<\/em>. Cairo: Ibn Sina Library.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"vdau91\" data-start=\"2722\" data-end=\"2903\">\n<p data-start=\"2726\" data-end=\"2903\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623. (1978). \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649. \u06371. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645.<br data-start=\"2804\" data-end=\"2807\" \/>Al-Ghazali, A. (1978). <em data-start=\"2830\" data-end=\"2867\">The Wisdom in the Creation of Allah<\/em>. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar Ihya\u2019 Al-Ulum.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"phzvzf\" data-start=\"2905\" data-end=\"3076\">\n<p data-start=\"2909\" data-end=\"3076\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645. (1999). \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631. \u06371. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<br data-start=\"2974\" data-end=\"2977\" \/>Amer, M. (1999). <em data-start=\"2994\" data-end=\"3043\">Environmental Pollution: The Problem of the Age<\/em>. 1st ed. Dar Al-Kitab Al-Hadith.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"1d0v34x\" data-start=\"3078\" data-end=\"3227\">\n<p data-start=\"3082\" data-end=\"3227\">\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0623. (1995). \u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<br data-start=\"3148\" data-end=\"3151\" \/>Ibn Hanbal, A. (1995). <em data-start=\"3174\" data-end=\"3204\">Musnad Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal<\/em>. Cairo: Dar Al-Hadith.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"14sjvg5\" data-start=\"3229\" data-end=\"3431\">\n<p data-start=\"3233\" data-end=\"3431\">\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639. (1993). \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(40)\u060c 207\u2013232.<br data-start=\"3316\" data-end=\"3319\" \/>Bakrah, A. (1993). Foundations of Environmental Education in Islam. <em data-start=\"3387\" data-end=\"3414\">Journal of Da\u2018wah Studies<\/em>, 7(40), 207\u2013232.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"n6148a\" data-start=\"3433\" data-end=\"3660\">\n<p data-start=\"3437\" data-end=\"3660\">\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0639. (2009). \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0632\u0629.<br data-start=\"3535\" data-end=\"3538\" \/>Daher, A. (2009). Environmental Rulings in Islamic Jurisprudence. Unpublished Master\u2019s Thesis, Islamic University of Gaza.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"1ag4wet\" data-start=\"3662\" data-end=\"3815\">\n<p data-start=\"3666\" data-end=\"3815\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. (2004). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642.<br data-start=\"3731\" data-end=\"3734\" \/>Arabic Language Academy. (2004). <em data-start=\"3767\" data-end=\"3787\">Al-Mu\u2018jam Al-Wasit<\/em>. Cairo: Al-Shorouk Library.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"1h6hech\" data-start=\"3817\" data-end=\"4047\">\n<p data-start=\"3821\" data-end=\"4047\">\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623. (2002). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u06371. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<br data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"3920\" \/>Mukhtar, A. (2002). <em data-start=\"3940\" data-end=\"4000\">The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Qur\u2019anic Words and Readings<\/em>. 1st ed. Riyadh: Sutoor Al-Ma\u2018rifa Foundation.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"dgsm37\" data-start=\"4049\" data-end=\"4244\">\n<p data-start=\"4053\" data-end=\"4244\">\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0625. (2000). \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u06371. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"4130\" data-end=\"4133\" \/>Hindi, I. (2000). <em data-start=\"4151\" data-end=\"4201\">Environmental Issues from an Islamic Perspective<\/em>. 1st ed. Dar Ibn Kathir &amp; Dar Al-Tarbiyah.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-section-id=\"1j56l6m\" data-start=\"4246\" data-end=\"4409\">\n<p data-start=\"4250\" data-end=\"4409\">\u0648\u0647\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0635. (2004). \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u06371. \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631.<br data-start=\"4311\" data-end=\"4314\" \/>Wahbi, S. (2004). <em data-start=\"4332\" data-end=\"4377\">The Environment from an Islamic Perspective<\/em>. 1st ed. Damascus: Dar Al-Fikr.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ujeblj\" data-start=\"4411\" data-end=\"4624\" data-is-last-node=\"\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"4415\" data-end=\"4624\" data-is-last-node=\"\">\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0623. (1936). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a. \u0644\u064a\u062f\u0646: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644.<br data-start=\"4487\" data-end=\"4490\" \/>Wensinck, A. (1936). <em data-start=\"4511\" data-end=\"4602\">Concordance et Indices de la Tradition Musulmane (Concordance of the Words of the Hadith)<\/em>. Leiden: Brill Press.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Qur\u02be\u0101n al-Kar\u012bm bi-riw\u0101yat \u1e24af\u1e63 \u02bfan \u02bf\u0100\u1e63im.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ab\u016b D\u0101w\u016bd, S. (D.T.). <em>Sunan Ab\u012b D\u0101w\u016bd<\/em>. Bayr\u016bt: al-Maktabah al-\u02bfA\u1e63riyyah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ibn Man\u1e93\u016br, M. (1981). <em>Lis\u0101n al-\u02bfArab<\/em>. al-Q\u0101hirah: D\u0101r al-Ma\u02bf\u0101rif.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b, M. (D.T.). <em>\u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b<\/em>. Bayr\u016bt: D\u0101r \u1e6cawq al-Naj\u0101h.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Bayhaq\u012b, A. (2003). <em>al-Sunan al-Kubr\u0101<\/em>. Bayr\u016bt: D\u0101r al-Kutub al-\u02bfIlmiyyah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Jumayl\u012b, S. (1997). <em>al-Isl\u0101m wa-l-B\u012b\u02beah<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). Markaz al-Kit\u0101b lil-Nashr.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Zab\u012bd\u012b, M. (D.T.). <em>T\u0101j al-\u02bfAr\u016bs min Jaw\u0101hir al-Q\u0101m\u016bs<\/em>. Bayr\u016bt: D\u0101r Maktabat al-\u1e24ay\u0101h.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Sar\u1e6d\u0101w\u012b, F. (1999). <em>al-B\u012b\u02beah wa-l-Bu\u02bfd al-Isl\u0101m\u012b<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). \u02bfAmm\u0101n: D\u0101r al-Mas\u012brah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Shawk\u0101n\u012b, M. (1999). <em>Fat\u1e25 al-Qad\u012br<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). Bayr\u016bt: D\u0101r al-Kit\u0101b al-\u02bfArab\u012b.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-\u1e62\u0101\u1e25ib, M. (D.T.). <em>al-Nahj al-Isl\u0101m\u012b f\u012b \u1e24im\u0101yat al-B\u012b\u02beah<\/em>. Kulliyyat al-Shar\u012b\u02bfah, al-J\u0101mi\u02bfah al-Urdunniyyah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-\u1e6curaybiq, \u02bfA. (2007). <em>Man\u1e93\u016br al-Isl\u0101m il\u0101 al-Mu\u1e25\u0101fa\u1e93ah \u02bfal\u0101 al-B\u012b\u02beah<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). al-Mamlakah al-Maghribiyyah: Mansh\u016br\u0101t Wiz\u0101rat al-Awq\u0101f wa-l-Shu\u02be\u016bn al-Isl\u0101miyyah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Mar\u0101gh\u012b, A. (1998). <em>Tafs\u012br al-Mar\u0101gh\u012b<\/em>. Bayr\u016bt: D\u0101r al-Kutub al-\u02bfIlmiyyah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Manzil\u0101w\u012b, Y. (2008). <em>al-B\u012b\u02beah min Man\u1e93\u016br Isl\u0101m\u012b<\/em>. \u02bfAmm\u0101n: D\u0101r Kun\u016bz al-Ma\u02bfrifah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Najj\u0101r, \u02bfA. (1999). <em>Qa\u1e0d\u0101y\u0101 al-B\u012b\u02beah min Man\u1e93\u016br Isl\u0101m\u012b<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). Qa\u1e6dar: Wiz\u0101rat al-Awq\u0101f wa-l-Shu\u02be\u016bn al-Isl\u0101miyyah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-N\u012bs\u0101b\u016br\u012b, M. (D.T.). <em>\u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 Muslim<\/em>. Bayr\u016bt: D\u0101r I\u1e25y\u0101\u02be al-Tur\u0101th al-\u02bfArab\u012b.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Fiq\u012b, M. (1993). <em>al-B\u012b\u02beah: Mushkil\u0101tuh\u0101 wa-Qa\u1e0d\u0101y\u0101h\u0101 wa-\u1e24im\u0101yatuh\u0101 min al-Talawwuth, Ru\u02beyah Isl\u0101miyyah<\/em>. al-Q\u0101hirah: Maktabat Ibn S\u012bn\u0101.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">al-Ghaz\u0101l\u012b, A. (1978). <em>al-\u1e24ikmah min Makhl\u016bq\u0101t All\u0101h Ta\u02bf\u0101l\u0101<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). Bayr\u016bt: D\u0101r I\u1e25y\u0101\u02be al-\u02bfUl\u016bm.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u02bf\u0100mir, M. (1999). <em>Talawwuth al-B\u012b\u02beah: Mushkilat al-\u02bfA\u1e63r<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). D\u0101r al-Kit\u0101b al-\u1e24ad\u012bth.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ibn \u1e24anbal, A. (1995). <em>Musnad al-Im\u0101m A\u1e25mad ibn \u1e24anbal<\/em>. al-Q\u0101hirah: D\u0101r al-\u1e24ad\u012bth.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bakrah, \u02bfA. (1993). <em>Usus al-Tarbiyah al-B\u012b\u02beiyyah f\u012b al-Isl\u0101m<\/em>. Majallat Dir\u0101s\u0101t Da\u02bfwiyyah, 7 (40), 207\u2013232.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u1e0c\u0101hir, \u02bfA. (2009). <em>A\u1e25k\u0101m al-B\u012b\u02beah f\u012b al-Fiqh al-Isl\u0101m\u012b<\/em>. Ris\u0101lat M\u0101jast\u012br ghayr mansh\u016brah, al-J\u0101mi\u02bfah al-Isl\u0101miyyah, Ghazzah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Majma\u02bf al-Lughah al-\u02bfArabiyyah. (2004). <em>al-Mu\u02bfjam al-Was\u012b\u1e6d<\/em>. al-Q\u0101hirah: Maktabat al-Shur\u016bq.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mukht\u0101r, A. (2002). <em>al-Mu\u02bfjam al-Maws\u016b\u02bf\u012b li-Alf\u0101\u1e93 al-Qur\u02be\u0101n al-Kar\u012bm wa-Qir\u0101\u02be\u0101tih<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). al-Riy\u0101\u1e0d: Mu\u02beassasat Su\u1e6d\u016br al-Ma\u02bfrifah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hind\u012b, I. (2000). <em>Qa\u1e0d\u0101y\u0101 al-B\u012b\u02beah min Man\u1e93\u016br Isl\u0101m\u012b<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). D\u0101r Ibn Kath\u012br wa-D\u0101r al-Tarbiyah.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Wahb\u012b, \u1e62. (2004). <em>al-B\u012b\u02beah min Man\u1e93\u016br Isl\u0101m\u012b<\/em>. (\u1e6c1). Dimashq: D\u0101r al-Fikr.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Wensinck, A. (1936). <em>al-Mu\u02bfjam al-Mufahras li-Alf\u0101\u1e93 al-\u1e24ad\u012bth al-Nabaw\u012b<\/em>. Laydin: Ma\u1e6dba\u02bfat Br\u012bl.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647: \ufd3f\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0634\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0621\u064d \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0642\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0631\u064d\ufd3e (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u060c 49) \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15746","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15746"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16166,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15746\/revisions\/16166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}