{"id":15616,"date":"2026-01-04T21:39:13","date_gmt":"2026-01-04T21:39:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15616"},"modified":"2026-01-04T21:39:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T21:39:15","slug":"7-1-67","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-1-67\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645: \u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0651\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0628\u064a<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629-\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: amaljb28@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Sustainable Developmental Design and Learner Inclusion: The Autistic Child as a Case Study<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Dr. Amal Al-Jarbi<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Higher Institute of Fine Arts, Sousse, Tunisia. Contract Assistant Professor, PhD in Aesthetics of Arts and Practices.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> amaljb28@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/67' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/67<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/67' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/67<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 1137 - 1153<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-17 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-01-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue1\/7-1-67.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2026). Sustainable Developmental Design and Learner Inclusion: The Autistic Child as a Case Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/67&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Amal Al-Jarbi. 2026. \\&quot;Sustainable Developmental Design and Learner Inclusion: The Autistic Child as a Case Study.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 1. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/67&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Al-Jarbi A.. 2026. Sustainable Developmental Design and Learner Inclusion: The Autistic Child as a Case Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-01-01. [Cited 2026-04-25]. 7(1). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-67\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/67&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Al-Jarbi A.. Sustainable Developmental Design and Learner Inclusion: The Autistic Child as a Case Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-01-01; 7(1). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/67&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Al-Jarbi A., \\&quot;Sustainable Developmental Design and Learner Inclusion: The Autistic Child as a Case Study,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/67&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Amal Al-Jarbi. \\&quot;Sustainable Developmental Design and Learner Inclusion: The Autistic Child as a Case Study.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026-01-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/67&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0623. 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style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> Universal design is considered one of the strategic approaches to achieving a sustainable development vision based on social justice and equal opportunities, due to its significant role in improving quality of life and enhancing autonomy, particularly for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aims to highlight the role of universal design in creating inclusive environments that enable children with ASD to live independently and participate actively in society, while analyzing the nature of ASD as a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication and social interaction and is characterized by repetitive and restricted behaviours.\r\nThe study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the factors influencing the social interaction of children with ASD. The findings reveal that social interaction is determined by the interplay between individual factors related to cognitive and social abilities and environmental factors related to family support, school awareness, and the inclusive design of educational and social spaces constitute essential pillars for promoting social inclusion and improving the developmental trajectory of children with ASD.\r\nThe study concludes that universal design through its integration of aesthetic and functional dimensions, represents a strategic tool for developing human capital, ensuring accessibility, and reflecting the level of progress of contemporary societies within the framework of sustainable development.\r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Universal Design, Sustainable Development, autism spectrum disorder, social inclusion, Accessibility, Human capital, Quality of life.\r\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 &#8220;Universal Visual design&#8221; \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 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\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644&#8221;Accessibilit\u00e9&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 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\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 (Ecker, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 (Modabbernia et al, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 (Kolevzon et al., 2007) \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Loke et al., 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">American Psychiatric Association. (2022). DSM-5-TR)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3- \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a:<\/strong> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a:<\/strong> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 50% \u064870% \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/strong> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647. (\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c2011\u060c \u0635115-121)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 25% \u0625\u0644\u0649 61%\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627. (\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0641\u060c2021\u060c \u0635223)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629) Chevallier et al., 2012).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a (Dawson et al., 2004).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. (Siller &amp; Sigman, 2002) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c PACT\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Pickles et al., 2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 (Bauminger et al., 2003).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644&#8221; \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (Frith &amp; Happ\u00e9, 2005).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0630 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 (Kasari et al., 2011).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 (Odom et al., 2013).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u062f\u0649 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0642\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f (Dettmer, Simpson, Myles, &amp; Ganz, 2000).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0629 (Social Stories) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u064a &#8220;Carol Gray&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f (Gray &amp; Garand, 1993).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0629 (social stories)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"523\" height=\"640\" class=\"wp-image-15638\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-1.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-1.jpeg 523w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-1-245x300.jpeg 245w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-1-10x12.jpeg 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 523px) 100vw, 523px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"441\" height=\"534\" class=\"wp-image-15639\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-2.jpeg 441w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-2-248x300.jpeg 248w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-2-10x12.jpeg 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"537\" height=\"651\" class=\"wp-image-15640\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-3.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-3.jpeg 537w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-3-247x300.jpeg 247w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-3-10x12.jpeg 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 537px) 100vw, 537px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1213\" height=\"1360\" class=\"wp-image-15641\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-4.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-4.jpeg 1213w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-4-268x300.jpeg 268w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-4-913x1024.jpeg 913w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-4-768x861.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-4-11x12.jpeg 11w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1213px) 100vw, 1213px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"474\" height=\"609\" class=\"wp-image-15642\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-5.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-5.jpeg 474w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-5-233x300.jpeg 233w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-5-9x12.jpeg 9w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"581\" height=\"703\" class=\"wp-image-15643\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-6.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-6.jpeg 581w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-6-248x300.jpeg 248w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-6-10x12.jpeg 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"635\" height=\"763\" class=\"wp-image-15644\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-7.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-7.jpeg 635w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-7-250x300.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-7-10x12.jpeg 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"427\" height=\"508\" class=\"wp-image-15645\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-8.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-8.jpeg 427w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-8-252x300.jpeg 252w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-8-10x12.jpeg 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 427px) 100vw, 427px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"584\" height=\"713\" class=\"wp-image-15646\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-9.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-9.jpeg 584w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-9-246x300.jpeg 246w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-9-10x12.jpeg 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"742\" height=\"643\" class=\"wp-image-15648\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-10.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-10.jpeg 742w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-10-300x260.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-10-14x12.jpeg 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"666\" height=\"783\" class=\"wp-image-15650\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-11.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-11.jpeg 666w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-11-255x300.jpeg 255w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-11-10x12.jpeg 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641: \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u064a &#8220;Carol Gray&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645: \u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 &#8220;Sean McAndrew&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 &#8221; my social stories book &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629: 2001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c &#8221; \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u064a&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a 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\u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 &#8220;Signal\u00e9tique inclusive&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"476\" height=\"902\" class=\"wp-image-15651\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-12.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-12.jpeg 476w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-12-158x300.jpeg 158w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-12-6x12.jpeg 6w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"734\" height=\"1282\" class=\"wp-image-15652\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-13.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-13.jpeg 734w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-13-172x300.jpeg 172w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-13-586x1024.jpeg 586w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-13-7x12.jpeg 7w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"606\" height=\"1217\" class=\"wp-image-15654\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-14.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-14.jpeg 606w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-14-149x300.jpeg 149w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-14-510x1024.jpeg 510w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/word-image-15616-14-6x12.jpeg 6w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645: \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0644 &#8221; S c\u00e9dile &#8220;<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a: 2017-2018<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: <a href=\"https:\/\/s-cedille.fr\/projets\/signaletique-handicap-etablissement-scolaire-bron-2017\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/s-cedille.fr<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 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\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 &#8220;Accessibilit\u00e9&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0641. (2021). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a . \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 (3).7\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 28\/06\/2021.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0645. (2025). \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b, 5(11). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v5i11.1641\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v5i11.1641<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0644. . (2022)\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f )\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629( .\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633.<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0621. (2023). \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b, 3(10).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v3i10.692\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v3i10.692<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a. (2011). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.\u06371.\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639-\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0646\u064a. (2022). \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f. \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 -\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 28. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631. 2022. \u063536-37.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0646\u062f &amp; \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629. (2024). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f . \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b, 4(4). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v4i4.833\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56989\/benkj.v4i4.833<\/a><\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">American Psychiatric Association. (2022). DSM-5-TR: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Bauminger, N., Shulman, C., &amp; Agam, G. (2003). Peer interaction and loneliness in high-functioning children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(5), 489\u2013507.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Bonnardel Nathalie, Lubart Todd. \u00ab\u00a0La cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9\u00a0: approches et m\u00e9thodes en psychologie et en ergonomie\u00a0\u00bb, Rimhe\u00a0: <em>revue interdisciplinaire managment, homme,entreprise<\/em>, 2019\/4 (n37, vol.8)<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Chevallier, C., Kohls, G., Troiani, V., Brodkin, E. S., &amp; Schultz, R. T. (2012). The social motivation theory of autism. 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Using visual supports with students with autism spectrum disorders in inclusive classrooms: A systematic review. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(2), 438\u2013456.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10803-014-2203-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10803-014-2203-5<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li id=\"post-15616-footnote-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>&#8221; nobody puts baby in a corner &#8221; <a href=\"#post-15616-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15616-footnote-2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8221; On ne laisse pas b\u00e9b\u00e9 dans un coin. Ou alors c\u2019est s c\u00e9dille qui sc\u00e9nographie le coin &#8221; <a href=\"#post-15616-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15616","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15616"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15655,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15616\/revisions\/15655"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}