{"id":15603,"date":"2026-01-01T17:07:34","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T17:07:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15603"},"modified":"2026-01-01T17:07:36","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T17:07:36","slug":"7-1-62","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-1-62\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7 AGeV<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0642\u064a\u0629<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0623. \u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0648<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p><p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: fatbuz77@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Centrality Dependence of Collision Geometry and Particle Density in Oxygen-Emulsion Interactions at 3.7 AGeV<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Fatimah Abdulsalam Mohammed Abuzqiya<sup>1<\/sup>, Prof. Mustafa Abdulsalam bin Nasr Bayou<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Misurata University, Libya.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> fatbuz77@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/62' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/62<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/62' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/62<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 1036 - 1047<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-17 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-01-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue1\/7-1-62.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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A. M., Bayou M. A. B. N.. (2026). Centrality Dependence of Collision Geometry and Particle Density in Oxygen-Emulsion Interactions at 3.7 AGeV. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/62&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Fatimah Abdulsalam Mohammed Abuzqiya, Mustafa Abdulsalam Bin Nasr Bayou. 2026. \\&quot;Centrality Dependence of Collision Geometry and Particle Density in Oxygen-Emulsion Interactions at 3.7 AGeV.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 1. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/62&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Abuzqiya F. A. M., Bayou M. A. B. N.. 2026. Centrality Dependence of Collision Geometry and Particle Density in Oxygen-Emulsion Interactions at 3.7 AGeV. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-01-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 7(1). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-62\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/62&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Abuzqiya F. A. M., Bayou M. A. B. N.. Centrality Dependence of Collision Geometry and Particle Density in Oxygen-Emulsion Interactions at 3.7 AGeV. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-01-01; 7(1). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/62&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Abuzqiya F. A. M., Bayou M. A. B. N., \\&quot;Centrality Dependence of Collision Geometry and Particle Density in Oxygen-Emulsion Interactions at 3.7 AGeV,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/62&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Fatimah Abdulsalam Mohammed Abuzqiya, Mustafa Abdulsalam Bin Nasr Bayou. \\&quot;Centrality Dependence of Collision Geometry and Particle Density in Oxygen-Emulsion Interactions at 3.7 AGeV.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026-01-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/62&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641. \u0639. \u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0645. \u0639. \u0628. \u0646. 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\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629, \u062a\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629, \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633.\r\n<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Bjorken\u060c \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This work explores how geometrical characteristics and energy density vary with centrality in oxygen \u2013 emulsion collisions at an incident energy of 3.7 GeV per nucleon. Collision events were grouped into centrality classes according to their geometrical configuration. A simplified geometrical framework was employed to determine the impact parameter, overlap radius, and overlap area while the Bjorken formalism was used to estimate the initial energy density, incorporating centrality-dependent changes in the overlap area.\r\nThe analysis reveals that the impact parameter steadily increases as collisions become more peripheral, whereas the overlap radius and overlap area diminish accordingly. In contrast, the energy density exhibits a non-monotonic trend, it rises in mid-central interactions and then  decreases toward the most central events. This pattern is likely influenced by the small system size, the heterogeneous structure of, the emulsion target, multiplicity rapid increase of the overlap volume relative to the deposited energy in highly central collisions, Overall, the results demonstrate that the centrality dependence of energy density in light nuclear systems differs substantially from that observed in heavy-ion collisions, emphasizing the significance of collision geometry and target heterogeneity. \r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Nuclear emulsion, Bjorken model, overlap geometry, centrality, Energy density.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 Introduction : <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u2013 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u2013 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 (QGP) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u2013\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633, \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a ,\u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b :<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 <\/em> <em> ( \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 ,( ) )<\/em>,<em> )\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629)\u062d\u064a\u062b:<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 ( \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 ) \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 (QGP)(\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 5-10 fm\/c) [1].<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1) \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u2013 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 ,\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"346\" height=\"285\" class=\"wp-image-15605\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/9-k.png\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 (9 K)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/9-k.png 346w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/9-k-300x247.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/9-k-15x12.png 15w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/> <\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1) \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u2013 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0641\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 QGP \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a , \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a, \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 QGP \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a .<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 The Bjorken Model: <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 Bjorken \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 (QGP) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 RHIC \u0648 LHC ,\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 Bjorken \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983 \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a.\u0648\u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a (Boost invariace) \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 ) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 , \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637, \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u064f\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a (radial expansion) \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0644\u0629, \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (perfect fluid) \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636, \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f (proper time) \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u064a\u062f, \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a[2] :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629, \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 Lorentz \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0642\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646, \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645, \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (a.2) \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645, \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 z \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 (z ,t) = (0,0) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (b.2). \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 QGP.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" class=\"wp-image-15606\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/f-jpg.jpeg\" alt=\"F:\\\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\\\u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/f-jpg.jpeg 960w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/f-jpg-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/f-jpg-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/f-jpg-16x12.jpeg 16w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/f-jpg-360x270.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/f-jpg-80x60.jpeg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Z<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (2)<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 A,B \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(b) \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 A,B \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (Energy Density) \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 () (\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0646 Bjorken \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 formation time \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a ()<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/strong> <strong> nuclear emulsion<\/strong> :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 : \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646H \u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 1% , \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 (CNO) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 16% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 , \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 (AgBr) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 38%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0641 , \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0638\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 ,\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a [3].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 &lt;A&gt; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 &lt;A&gt; \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>1, 14 , 70 , 94 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 H , CNO , \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 , AgBr. <\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a.<\/em><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>Concentration gm\/ml<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>Mass number(A)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>Charge(Z)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>Elements<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><em>321.56<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>0.053<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>1<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>1<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>H<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><em>138.30<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>0.275<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>12<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>6<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>C<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><em>31.68<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>0.073<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>14<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>7<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>N<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><em>94.97<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>0.252<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>16<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>8<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>O<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><em>100.41<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>1.332<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>80<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>35<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>Br<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><em>101.01<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>1.808<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>108<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>47<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>Ag<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 297 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 (NIKFI-BR-2)\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7 AGeV\/c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 (Dubna Synchrophastron, Russia)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 Experimental Results and Discussion :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong><em>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629Radius of nucleus <\/em><\/strong><em> : \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 : \u062d\u064a\u062b <\/em> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u062b \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a fm1.2 , \u0648A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 <em> \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 :<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong><em>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 Radius of overlap region <\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644(overlap) \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 participants \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a, \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (3) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0646.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"261\" height=\"221\" class=\"wp-image-15607\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3520-jpg.jpeg\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\pcc1\\Downloads\\IMG_3520.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3520-jpg.jpeg 261w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3520-jpg-14x12.jpeg 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 261px) 100vw, 261px\" \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>b = 0 , <\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"324\" height=\"233\" class=\"wp-image-15608\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3521-jpg.jpeg\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\pcc1\\Downloads\\IMG_3521.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3521-jpg.jpeg 324w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3521-jpg-300x216.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3521-jpg-18x12.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 324px) 100vw, 324px\" \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"386\" height=\"244\" class=\"wp-image-15609\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3522-jpg.jpeg\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\pcc1\\Downloads\\IMG_3522.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3522-jpg.jpeg 386w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3522-jpg-300x190.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/c-users-pcc1-downloads-img_3522-jpg-18x12.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 386px) 100vw, 386px\" \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (3) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 b <\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 (Peripheral Collisions) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Central Collisions) \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 (Impac tparameter)b, \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647 () \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 (), \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631, \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c [4], \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 3.7AGeV\/c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a (AgBr)\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 (AgBr).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Ref<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>AgBr<\/p>\n<p>()<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>CNO<\/p>\n<p>()<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H<\/p>\n<p>()<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Energy (AGeV\/c)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>projectile<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>51.3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>37.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Present work<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>54.49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>34.45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11.06<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40.69<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>38.74<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20.99<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>34.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>17.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>35.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>16.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 (O-AgBr) \u0648\u0647\u064a (8.47fm) \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 (O-H) \u0648\u0647\u064a (4.22fm) \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (O-CNO) \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (5.91fm) \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 () \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 (O- H) \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 ( O-CNO) \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631, \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 (O- AgBr) \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 1.97fm \u0648 \u0647\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (O-AgBr) \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (O-H) \u0648(O-CNO)\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 overlap \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c<strong>. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 (Area of overlap)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 (impact parameter) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (centrality) \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 ()<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644Area of the overlap region \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 0-20% (\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u062f\u062f participants \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648 multiplicity \u0648 energy density \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 20-60% (\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a) \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 60% \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 spectators.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644O-Emulsion \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7 AGeV<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Centrality<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0-5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>26<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5-10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>19<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20-30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>30-40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40-50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6.45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50-60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7.20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>60-70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7.85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>70-80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>80-90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8.47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>90-100<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (4)\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (centrality class) \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (0-5%) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645b \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646(60-100%) \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (5) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 ,\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (6) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (0-5%) \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631, \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (7)\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 b \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 (participant nucleons) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (4) \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a O-Em \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7 AGeV<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (5) \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a O-Em \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7 AGeV<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (6) \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a O-Em \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7 AGeV<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644(7) \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a O-Em \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7 AGeV.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062f. \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 Energy Density<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 (Bjorken).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644(4) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (0-5%) \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 (40-50%) \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 ) \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627. (\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 Bjorken \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a Xe-Xe \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 5.44 TeV \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a Pb-Pb \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 5.02 TeV \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644(4) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Bjorken \u0645\u0639 \u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a O-Emulsion \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7 AGeV.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Centrality(%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0-5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5-10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20-30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>30-40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40-50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50-60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>60-70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>70-80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>0.17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>80-90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (8) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Bjorken \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a Xe-Xe \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 5.44 TeV \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 pb-pb \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 5.02 TeV \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (9) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (8) \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (9) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629, \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0647 , \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 , \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a Xe-Xe at 5.44TeV<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (8) \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a Xe-Xe \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 5.44TeV \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a Pb-Pb \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 5.02TeV [11]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (9) \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a O-Em \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 3.7GeV.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c :<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648 b \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 O-Em \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 , H CNO, AgBr<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. D.H.Perkins; Introduction to High Energy Physics, Addisonwesley,(1987),351<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">.Bjorken J.D.;phys.Rev.D,27,140(1983).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. S.Garpman et al :Instrumentation method,A269, (1988)134<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. m.el-Nadi,al.,(1993) Multiplicity and Rapidity Density in Central Collisions of 4.1 AGeV Ne Nuclei in Nuclear<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. Bogdanov,V.G.N.A.Perfilov,V.A.Plyushchev and Z.I.Soloveva,1983.on mechanism of complete destruction of AgBr nuclei by relativistic. Yad.Fiz.,38:1493-1504.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. Adamovich M.I.et al.,1977,JINREL-10838,Dubn.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. EL.Naghy A.&amp;Toneev,V.D.,1980,Z.Phys.,A298,55.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">.Abuzaghia,Fatima,and Mostafa Baiou.Some General Properties of the Emitted Fragments in interactions at 4.5GeV per Nucleon. Jordan journal of physics,vol.7,no.2,2014,pp.99-109.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. Antonchik V.A.et al.,1984,Sov.J.Nucl.phys.,39(5),774.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. Andreeva N.P.et al.,1987,Sov.J.Nucl.phys.,74(1),78.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">. Bhat,Mohammad Asif,et al.Bjorken initial energy density estimation in Xe-Xe collisions at Using ALICE ,arxiv,2025,arxiv:2508.08345v2.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 Introduction : \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u2013 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15603","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15603"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15603\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15610,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15603\/revisions\/15610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}