{"id":15576,"date":"2025-12-31T15:53:25","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T15:53:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15576"},"modified":"2026-03-16T23:05:57","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T23:05:57","slug":"7-1-57","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-1-57\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Political Impact in the Poetry of the Kharijite Movement during the Umayyad Period<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Dr. Al-Fateh Siddiq Abdulfaraj Ahmed<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Associate Professor, Faculty of Education, University of Kordofan, Sudan.<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/57' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/57<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/57' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/57<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 950 - 963<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-10 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-17 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-01-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue1\/7-1-57.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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S. A.. (2026). The Political Impact in the Poetry of the Kharijite Movement during the Umayyad Period. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Al-Fateh Siddiq Abdulfaraj Ahmed. 2026. \\&quot;The Political Impact in the Poetry of the Kharijite Movement during the Umayyad Period.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 1. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Ahmed A. S. A.. 2026. The Political Impact in the Poetry of the Kharijite Movement during the Umayyad Period. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-01-01. [Cited 2026-04-25]. 7(1). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-57\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Ahmed A. S. A.. The Political Impact in the Poetry of the Kharijite Movement during the Umayyad Period. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-01-01; 7(1). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Ahmed A. S. A., \\&quot;The Political Impact in the Poetry of the Kharijite Movement during the Umayyad Period,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Al-Fateh Siddiq Abdulfaraj Ahmed. \\&quot;The Political Impact in the Poetry of the Kharijite Movement during the Umayyad Period.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026-01-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641. \u0635. \u0639. (2026). \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c. 2026. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641. \u0635. \u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-01-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-25]. 7(1). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-57\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641. \u0635. \u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-01-01\u061b 7(1). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641. \u0635. \u0639. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 1\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c. \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 1\u060c 2026-01-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/57&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study examines the political impact reflected in the poetry of the Kharijite movement during the Umayyad period, as one of the most prominent forms of political poetry in early Islamic history. It aims to explore the role of poetry in expressing the Kharijites\u2019 political doctrine, analyzing its artistic and intellectual features, and clarifying its contribution to shaping their political awareness and strengthening their opposition to the Umayyad state. The study adopts a historical descriptive-analytical approach by tracing poetic texts and analyzing their contents within their religious and political contexts. The findings reveal that Kharijite political poetry was characterized by a strong religious tone derived from the Holy Qur\u2019an and the Prophetic Sunnah, which gave it originality in meaning and purpose, making it an effective tool for inciting rebellion, promoting justice, rejecting oppression, and calling for righteous governance as perceived by the Kharijites. Moreover, this poetry is distinguished by simplicity, clarity, and an intense enthusiastic tone, while avoiding themes of praise and love, and focusing instead on jihad, martyrdom, and ascetic values. The study concludes that political poetry among the Kharijites was not merely a literary product, but a significant intellectual and historical document that contributed to constructing their political identity, documenting their positions, and demonstrating the influential role of the word in directing events and political conflict during the Umayyad era.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Kharijite poetry, political poetry, Umayyad period, religious discourse, political opposition.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u063a\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0636\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 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\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 ( 657\u0645 \u0640\u064037\u0647\u0640). \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2\u0640\u0640 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 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\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a: \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629\u064d *** \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062f\u0650<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a: \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 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*** \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647. <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-10\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-10\">[10]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f *** \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a: \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0637\u062d\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0638\u0644\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646: <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-11\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-11\">[11]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0639 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0644 *** \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0631 *** \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062f\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646.<sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-12\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-12\">[12]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0631\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0633 *** \u0625\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u062a\u0649 *** \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a 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justify;\">1\u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: ( \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 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id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-18\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-18\">[18]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0645 *** \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0650 \u064a\u062e\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0645\u0639\u064f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627 *** \u0636\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0639<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647 *** \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u064e\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3\u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0645 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u0645\u064e 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\u0623\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a: <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-30\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-30\">[30]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062a\u064f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0628\u064d \u0645\u062e\u0630\u0645\u0650<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a: <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-31\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-31\">[31]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0646\u0627 *** \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0637\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0650 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0636\u0644\u064e \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0645 *** \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0637\u0628<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0637\u064e\u0631\u0628\u0627\u064b *** \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0628<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2\u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c. <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-32\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-32\">[32]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 *** \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0650<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 *** \u0631\u062c\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 : ( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 &#8230;) <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-33\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-33\">[33]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: ( \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0645 &#8230;)<sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-34\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-34\">[34]<\/a>)<\/sup> \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645. <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-35\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-35\">[35]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0649 *** \u0648\u0623\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631\u0650<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 : ( \u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0621&#8230;) <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-36\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-36\">[36]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0646 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justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649: ( \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0635 &#8230;) <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-38\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-38\">[38]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3\u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 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justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 ( \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644). <sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-15576-footnote-ref-42\" href=\"#post-15576-footnote-42\">[42]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a) \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a 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\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u060c\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-section-id=\"1yqkvqp\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"45\">\n<p data-start=\"3\" data-end=\"45\"><strong data-start=\"3\" data-end=\"21\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645.<\/strong><br data-start=\"21\" data-end=\"24\" \/><em data-start=\"27\" data-end=\"45\">The Holy Qur\u2019an.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1h5qzj3\" data-start=\"47\" data-end=\"226\">\n<p data-start=\"50\" data-end=\"226\"><strong data-start=\"50\" data-end=\"84\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0638\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631. (1423\u0647\u0640).<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644.<br data-start=\"127\" data-end=\"130\" \/>Al-Jahiz, Amr ibn Bahr. (1423 AH). <em data-start=\"168\" data-end=\"192\">Al-Bayan wa Al-Tabyin.<\/em> Beirut: Dar wa Maktabat Al-Hilal.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1c8nsfq\" data-start=\"228\" data-end=\"407\">\n<p data-start=\"231\" data-end=\"407\"><strong data-start=\"231\" data-end=\"245\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0636\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a.<\/strong> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u061b \u062f.\u062a.<br data-start=\"307\" data-end=\"310\" \/>Daif, Shawqi. <em data-start=\"327\" data-end=\"379\">History of Arabic Literature: The Pre-Islamic Era.<\/em> Cairo: Dar Al-Ma\u2018arif; n.d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1s2am2q\" data-start=\"409\" data-end=\"669\">\n<p data-start=\"412\" data-end=\"669\"><strong data-start=\"412\" data-end=\"454\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f. (1995).<\/strong> \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<br data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"523\" \/>Al-Qurashi, Abbas ibn Muhammad ibn Masoud. (1995). <em data-start=\"577\" data-end=\"598\">Hamasat Al-Qurashi.<\/em> Edited by Khair al-Din Mahmoud Qiblawi. Damascus: Ministry of Culture.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qpt6hp\" data-start=\"671\" data-end=\"962\">\n<p data-start=\"674\" data-end=\"962\"><strong data-start=\"674\" data-end=\"713\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631. (1418\u0647\u0640).<\/strong> \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a.<br data-start=\"797\" data-end=\"800\" \/>Al-Baghdadi, Abd al-Qadir Umar. (1418 AH). <em data-start=\"846\" data-end=\"882\">Khizanat Al-Adab wa Lisan Al-Arab.<\/em> Edited and explained by Abd al-Salam Muhammad Harun. Cairo: Maktabat Al-Khanji.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"726st5\" data-start=\"964\" data-end=\"1159\">\n<p data-start=\"967\" data-end=\"1159\"><strong data-start=\"967\" data-end=\"997\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f. (2010).<\/strong> \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<br data-start=\"1047\" data-end=\"1050\" \/>Ma\u2018ruf, Nayef Mahmoud. (2010). <em data-start=\"1084\" data-end=\"1104\">Diwan Al-Khawarij.<\/em> Amman: Dar Al-Masirah for Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"rq3bfk\" data-start=\"1161\" data-end=\"1350\">\n<p data-start=\"1164\" data-end=\"1350\"><strong data-start=\"1164\" data-end=\"1200\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a. (1985).<\/strong> \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631.<br data-start=\"1248\" data-end=\"1251\" \/>Abdullah ibn Qays Al-Ruqayyat. (1985). <em data-start=\"1293\" data-end=\"1331\">Diwan Abdullah ibn Qays Al-Ruqayyat.<\/em> Beirut: Dar Sader.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"171wrbe\" data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1585\">\n<p data-start=\"1355\" data-end=\"1585\"><strong data-start=\"1355\" data-end=\"1380\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0622\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u062f.<\/strong> \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<br data-start=\"1451\" data-end=\"1454\" \/>Al-Khalifa, Mohammed Al-Eid. <em data-start=\"1486\" data-end=\"1521\">Diwan Mohammed Al-Eid Al-Khalifa.<\/em> Algeria: Dar Al-Huda for Printing, Publishing and Distribution.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1putiwf\" data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1772\">\n<p data-start=\"1590\" data-end=\"1772\"><strong data-start=\"1590\" data-end=\"1627\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/strong> \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644.<br data-start=\"1671\" data-end=\"1674\" \/>Al-Ansari, Ibrahim ibn Ali ibn Tamim. <em data-start=\"1715\" data-end=\"1751\">Zahr Al-Adab wa Thamarat Al-Albab.<\/em> Beirut: Dar Al-Jeel.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ubohs4\" data-start=\"1774\" data-end=\"2031\">\n<p data-start=\"1778\" data-end=\"2031\"><strong data-start=\"1778\" data-end=\"1805\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f. (1981).<\/strong> \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<br data-start=\"1887\" data-end=\"1890\" \/>Al-Hasan ibn Masoud. (1981). <em data-start=\"1922\" data-end=\"1961\">Zahr Al-Akm fi Al-Amthal wa Al-Hikam.<\/em> Edited by Mohammed Hajji and Mohammed Al-Akhdar. Casablanca: Morocco.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"u8hk82\" data-start=\"2033\" data-end=\"2200\">\n<p data-start=\"2037\" data-end=\"2200\"><strong data-start=\"2037\" data-end=\"2063\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649.<\/strong> \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"2108\" data-end=\"2111\" \/>Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad ibn Isa. <em data-start=\"2145\" data-end=\"2165\">Sunan Al-Tirmidhi.<\/em> Cairo: Egyptian Ministry of Awqaf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"kd6ufc\" data-start=\"2202\" data-end=\"2471\">\n<p data-start=\"2206\" data-end=\"2471\"><strong data-start=\"2206\" data-end=\"2256\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a. (1410\u0647\u0640).<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<br data-start=\"2321\" data-end=\"2324\" \/>Ibn Hisham, Abd al-Malik ibn Hisham Al-Himyari. (1410 AH). <em data-start=\"2386\" data-end=\"2411\">Al-Sirah Al-Nabawiyyah.<\/em> Edited by Omar Abd al-Salam. Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1oiondd\" data-start=\"2473\" data-end=\"2625\">\n<p data-start=\"2477\" data-end=\"2625\"><strong data-start=\"2477\" data-end=\"2501\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646. (1974).<\/strong> \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c. \u06373. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<br data-start=\"2538\" data-end=\"2541\" \/>Abbas, Ihsan. (1974). <em data-start=\"2566\" data-end=\"2593\">Poetry of the Kharijites.<\/em> 3rd ed. Beirut: Dar Al-Thaqafa.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"j16hp\" data-start=\"2627\" data-end=\"2824\">\n<p data-start=\"2631\" data-end=\"2824\"><strong data-start=\"2631\" data-end=\"2658\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645. (1987).<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<br data-start=\"2716\" data-end=\"2719\" \/>Al-Zawahiri, Kazem. (1987). <em data-start=\"2750\" data-end=\"2788\">Political Poetry in the Umayyad Era.<\/em> Cairo: Dar Al-Sahwa for Publishing.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1fg7fg7\" data-start=\"2826\" data-end=\"3049\">\n<p data-start=\"2830\" data-end=\"3049\"><strong data-start=\"2830\" data-end=\"2881\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645. (1423\u0647\u0640).<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<br data-start=\"2918\" data-end=\"2921\" \/>Ibn Qutaybah Al-Dinawari, Abdullah ibn Muslim. (1423 AH). <em data-start=\"2982\" data-end=\"3027\">Al-Shi\u2018r wa Al-Shu\u2018ara\u2019 (Poetry and Poets).<\/em> Cairo: Dar Al-Hadith.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1o0fbcx\" data-start=\"3051\" data-end=\"3242\">\n<p data-start=\"3055\" data-end=\"3242\"><strong data-start=\"3055\" data-end=\"3095\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0631\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (1404\u0647\u0640).<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"3135\" data-end=\"3138\" \/>Ibn Abd Rabbih, Ahmad ibn Muhammad. (1404 AH). <em data-start=\"3188\" data-end=\"3207\">Al-\u2018Iqd Al-Farid.<\/em> Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-\u2018Ilmiyyah.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hcxtbp\" data-start=\"3244\" data-end=\"3481\">\n<p data-start=\"3248\" data-end=\"3481\"><strong data-start=\"3248\" data-end=\"3296\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642. (1401\u0647\u0640).<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647. \u06375. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644.<br data-start=\"3348\" data-end=\"3351\" \/>Ibn Rashiq Al-Qayrawani, Al-Hasan ibn Rashiq. (1401 AH). <em data-start=\"3411\" data-end=\"3452\">Al-\u2018Umda fi Mahasin Al-Shi\u2018r wa Adabih.<\/em> 5th ed. Beirut: Dar Al-Jeel.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"15yfy9g\" data-start=\"3483\" data-end=\"3710\">\n<p data-start=\"3487\" data-end=\"3710\"><strong data-start=\"3487\" data-end=\"3512\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b.<br data-start=\"3585\" data-end=\"3588\" \/>Al-Baghdadi, Abd al-Qahir. <em data-start=\"3618\" data-end=\"3642\">Al-Farq bayn Al-Firaq.<\/em> Edited by Mohammed Muhyi Al-Din Abd al-Hamid. Cairo: Dar Al-Turath.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1v7w3cw\" data-start=\"3712\" data-end=\"3852\">\n<p data-start=\"3716\" data-end=\"3852\"><strong data-start=\"3716\" data-end=\"3752\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. (1995).<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"3778\" data-end=\"3781\" \/>Al-Maghribi, Ali Abd al-Fattah. (1995). <em data-start=\"3824\" data-end=\"3852\">Islamic Theological Sects.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"vqug14\" data-start=\"3854\" data-end=\"4020\">\n<p data-start=\"3858\" data-end=\"4020\"><strong data-start=\"3858\" data-end=\"3872\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0636\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u063712. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641.<br data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3932\" \/>Daif, Shawqi. <em data-start=\"3949\" data-end=\"3988\">Art and Its Schools in Arabic Poetry.<\/em> 12th ed. Cairo: Dar Al-Ma\u2018arif.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"tasmha\" data-start=\"4022\" data-end=\"4238\">\n<p data-start=\"4026\" data-end=\"4238\"><strong data-start=\"4026\" data-end=\"4061\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f. (1417\u0647\u0640).<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628. \u06373. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<br data-start=\"4116\" data-end=\"4119\" \/>Al-Mubarrad, Muhammad ibn Yazid. (1417 AH). <em data-start=\"4166\" data-end=\"4201\">Al-Kamil fi Al-Lughah wa Al-Adab.<\/em> 3rd ed. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"17bzmb0\" data-start=\"4240\" data-end=\"4379\" data-is-last-node=\"\">\n<p data-start=\"4244\" data-end=\"4379\" data-is-last-node=\"\"><strong data-start=\"4244\" data-end=\"4270\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629.<br data-start=\"4306\" data-end=\"4309\" \/>Mustafa, Ibrahim et al. <em data-start=\"4336\" data-end=\"4357\">Al-Mu\u2018jam Al-Wasit.<\/em> Cairo: Dar Al-Da\u2018wah.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u06372\u060c 1995\u0645\u060c \u0635169. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0645: \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06372\u060c 1417\u0647\u0640\u0640. \u0635258. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2007\u0640 \u063581. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u063590. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-5\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u06353\u060c 1975\u0645\u060c \u063523. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-6\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a: \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u063561. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u06373\u060c 1410\u0647\u0640 \u063587. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-8\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06372\u060c 1985. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-9\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d \u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06374\u060c 1418\u0647\u0640\u0640. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-10\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u06373\u060c 1417\u0647\u0640\u0640 \u0635127. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-11\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1423\u0647\u0640\u0640 \u0635 848. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-12\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 1401\u0647\u0640\u0640 \u0635 62. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-13\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u063712\u060c \u063599. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-14\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628: \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635644. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-15\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 2010\u0645\u060c \u0635 307. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-16\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644: \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u06375\u060c 1981\u0645\u060c \u0635 699. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-17\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 ( 111). <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-18\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c: \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0635 179. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-18\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-19\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c: \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983\u0645\u060c \u0635 38. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u062c\u064a\u060c \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c 1401\u0647\u0640\u0640 \u0635165. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-21\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c: \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0635 122. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-22\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628: \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062c3\u060c \u0635202. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-23\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c: \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u063551. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-24\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: \u0644\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0635358. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-25\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c : \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0635 182. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-25\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-26\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0635 183. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-27\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u063527. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-28\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0635 150. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-28\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-29\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f: \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0631\u0628\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u0640 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c 1404\u0647\u0640\u0640 \u0635254. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-29\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-30\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0635 37. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-30\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-31\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646: \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0638\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635 58. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-31\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-32\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a: \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0635187. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-32\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-33\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 ( 112). <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-33\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-34\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 ( 2). <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-34\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-35\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c: \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0635 51. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-35\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-36\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 ( 13). <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-36\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-37\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c: \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u063562. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-37\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-38\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 : \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 (4). <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-38\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-39\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u063521. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-39\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-40\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c: \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0635 105. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-40\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-41\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0640\u0640 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0635 11. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-41\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15576-footnote-42\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">() \u0640\u0640 \u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642: \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635290. <a href=\"#post-15576-footnote-ref-42\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0645 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