{"id":15450,"date":"2025-12-31T12:30:20","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T12:30:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15450"},"modified":"2025-12-31T12:30:21","modified_gmt":"2025-12-31T12:30:21","slug":"7-1-17","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-1-17\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u0647\u0631 <sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a <sup>2<\/sup>\u060c \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 <sup>3<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> 3 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0643-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642mustafa.seher.idi12@atu.edu.iq 1\u060c enas.munzel.idi2@atu.edu.iq 3.<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c Sukaina.kareem@qu.edu.iq 2<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Role of E-Marketing among Administrative Leaders in Increasing Work Team Interaction<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Mustafa Kazem Sehr<sup>1<\/sup>, Sakina Kareem Mahdi<sup>2<\/sup>, Enas Shahid Halim<sup>3<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Al-Qadisiyah Polytechnic College, Iraq. Emails: mustafa.seher.idi12@atu.edu.iq, enas.munzel.idi2@atu.edu.iq<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>2<\/sup> University of Al-Qadisiyah, College of Nursing, Iraq.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> Sukaina.kareem@qu.edu.iq<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/17' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/17<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/17' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/17<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 278 - 296<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-05 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-13 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-01-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue1\/7-1-17.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; gap:8px; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n.hnsj-cite-note{display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:13px;opacity:.85}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-backdrop{\r\n  position:fixed; inset:0; background:rgba(0,0,0,.55);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99998;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal{\r\n  position:fixed; left:50%; top:50%; transform:translate(-50%,-50%);\r\n  width:min(760px,94vw); background:#fff; border-radius:14px;\r\n  box-shadow:0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,.28);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99999; overflow:hidden;\r\n  border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:14px 16px; border-bottom:1px solid #eee; background:#f8fafc;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-title{font-size:16px;font-weight:800;color:#111827}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close{\r\n  border:1px solid #d1d5db; background:#fff;\r\n  width:34px; height:34px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  font-size:18px; cursor:pointer; line-height:0; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close:hover{background:#f3f4f6}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-tabs{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; padding:10px 16px;\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; background:#f3f4f6;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab:hover{background:#e5e7eb;border-color:#9ca3af}\r\n.hnsj-tab.active{\r\n  background:#0b5ed7; border-color:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(11,94,215,.18);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-body{padding:14px 16px}\r\n.hnsj-row{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:center;\r\n  margin-bottom:10px; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-select{\r\n  padding:10px 12px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; min-width:220px;\r\n  background:#fff; color:#111827; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-textarea{\r\n  width:100%; min-height:130px; padding:12px;\r\n  border-radius:12px; border:1px solid #cfcfcf;\r\n  line-height:1.7; resize:vertical; color:#111827; background:#fff;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-actions{display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center; margin-top:10px; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;}\r\n.hnsj-dl{\r\n  padding:10px 14px;\r\n  border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7;\r\n  background:#0b5ed7;\r\n  color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer;\r\n  font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-dl:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\/* Force the citation modal UI to be independent from site RTL\/LTR *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal,\r\n.hnsj-modal *{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n  text-align: left;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* Keep the header title readable *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function(){\r\n  function slugifyFileName(s){\r\n    return (s || 'citation')\r\n      .toString()\r\n      .trim()\r\n      .replace(\/^https?:\\\/\\\/\/i,'')\r\n      .replace(\/[^a-z0-9]+\/gi,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/-+\/g,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/^-|-$\/g,'')\r\n      .toLowerCase();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function downloadTextFile(filename, content, mime){\r\n    var blob = new Blob([content], { type: mime || 'text\/plain;charset=utf-8' });\r\n    var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\r\n    var a = document.createElement('a');\r\n    a.href = url;\r\n    a.download = filename;\r\n    document.body.appendChild(a);\r\n    a.click();\r\n    a.remove();\r\n    setTimeout(function(){ URL.revokeObjectURL(url); }, 500);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function splitAuthors(str){\r\n    if(!str) return [];\r\n    return str\r\n      .split(\/,|\u061b|\u060c|;|\\n\/g)\r\n      .map(s => s.trim())\r\n      .filter(Boolean);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildRIS(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.title_ar || m.title_en || '') : (m.title_en || m.title_ar || '');\r\n    const journal = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.journal_ar || m.journal_en || '') : (m.journal_en || m.journal_ar || '');\r\n    const authors = splitAuthors((langKey === 'ar') ? (m.authors_ar || m.authors_en || '') : (m.authors_en || m.authors_ar || ''));\r\n\r\n    let ris = '';\r\n    ris += 'TY  - JOUR\\n';\r\n    if (title)   ris += 'TI  - ' + title + '\\n';\r\n    authors.forEach(a => { ris += 'AU  - ' + a + '\\n'; });\r\n    if (journal) ris += 'JO  - ' + journal + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.year)  ris += 'PY  - ' + m.year + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.volume)ris += 'VL  - ' + m.volume + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.issue) ris += 'IS  - ' + m.issue + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.doi)   ris += 'DO  - ' + m.doi + '\\n';\r\n    if (m.url)   ris += 'UR  - ' + m.url + '\\n';\r\n    ris += 'ER  - \\n';\r\n    return ris;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildBibTeX(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.title_ar || m.title_en || '') : (m.title_en || m.title_ar || '');\r\n    const journal = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.journal_ar || m.journal_en || '') : (m.journal_en || m.journal_ar || '');\r\n    const authorStr = (langKey === 'ar') ? (m.authors_ar || m.authors_en || '') : (m.authors_en || m.authors_ar || '');\r\n\r\n    const keyBase = slugifyFileName(m.doi || title || 'hnsj');\r\n    const key = (keyBase || 'hnsj').slice(0, 40);\r\n\r\n    let bib = '';\r\n    bib += '@article{' + key + ',\\n';\r\n    if (title)      bib += '  title = {' + title + '},\\n';\r\n    if (authorStr)  bib += '  author = {' + authorStr + '},\\n';\r\n    if (journal)    bib += '  journal = {' + journal + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.year)     bib += '  year = {' + m.year + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.volume)   bib += '  volume = {' + m.volume + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.issue)    bib += '  number = {' + m.issue + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.doi)      bib += '  doi = {' + m.doi + '},\\n';\r\n    if (m.url)      bib += '  url = {' + m.url + '},\\n';\r\n    bib = bib.replace(\/,\\n$\/, '\\n');\r\n    bib += '}\\n';\r\n    return bib;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function initHnsjCite(root){\r\n    if(!root) return;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Guard: do not bind twice\r\n    if (root.dataset.hnsjInited === '1') return;\r\n    root.dataset.hnsjInited = '1';\r\n\r\n    const openBtn = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-open]');\r\n    const modal   = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-modal]');\r\n    const back    = root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-backdrop]');\r\n    const closeBtn= root.querySelector('[data-hnsj-close]');\r\n\r\n    const tabs    = modal.querySelectorAll('.hnsj-tab');\r\n    const select  = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-style]');\r\n    const box     = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-box]');\r\n    const copyBtn = modal.querySelector('[data-hnsj-copy]');\r\n    const dlBtns  = modal.querySelectorAll('[data-hnsj-dl]');\r\n\r\n    let lang = 'en';\r\n    let citEn = {};\r\n    let citAr = {};\r\n    let meta = {};\r\n\r\n    function parseData(){\r\n      try{ citEn = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-cit-en') || '{}'); }catch(e){ citEn = {}; }\r\n      try{ citAr = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-cit-ar') || '{}'); }catch(e){ citAr = {}; }\r\n      try{ meta  = JSON.parse(modal.getAttribute('data-meta')  || '{}'); }catch(e){ meta = {}; }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function setLang(newLang){\r\n      lang = newLang;\r\n      tabs.forEach(t => t.classList.toggle('active', t.dataset.lang === lang));\r\n\r\n      const data = (lang === 'ar') ? citAr : citEn;\r\n      const styles = Object.keys(data);\r\n\r\n      select.innerHTML = '';\r\n      styles.forEach(st => {\r\n        const opt = document.createElement('option');\r\n        opt.value = st;\r\n        opt.textContent = st;\r\n        select.appendChild(opt);\r\n      });\r\n\r\n      box.dir = (lang === 'ar') ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';\r\n      box.style.textAlign = (lang === 'ar') ? 'right' : 'left';\r\n\r\n      if(styles.length){\r\n        select.value = styles[0];\r\n        box.value = data[styles[0]] || '';\r\n      } else {\r\n        box.value = '';\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function openModal(){\r\n      parseData();\r\n      back.style.display = 'block';\r\n      modal.style.display = 'block';\r\n      document.body.style.overflow = 'hidden';\r\n      setLang('en');\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function closeModal(){\r\n      back.style.display = 'none';\r\n      modal.style.display = 'none';\r\n      document.body.style.overflow = '';\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function onStyleChange(){\r\n      const data = (lang === 'ar') ? citAr : citEn;\r\n      box.value = data[select.value] || '';\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    async function copyCitation(){\r\n      try{\r\n        await navigator.clipboard.writeText(box.value || '');\r\n      }catch(e){\r\n        box.focus(); box.select();\r\n        document.execCommand('copy');\r\n      }\r\n      const old = copyBtn.textContent;\r\n      copyBtn.textContent = (lang === 'ar') ? '\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u2713' : 'Copied \u2713';\r\n      setTimeout(()=> copyBtn.textContent = old, 1200);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    openBtn.addEventListener('click', openModal);\r\n    closeBtn.addEventListener('click', closeModal);\r\n    back.addEventListener('click', closeModal);\r\n\r\n    tabs.forEach(t => t.addEventListener('click', ()=> setLang(t.dataset.lang)));\r\n    select.addEventListener('change', onStyleChange);\r\n    copyBtn.addEventListener('click', copyCitation);\r\n\r\n    dlBtns.forEach(btn => {\r\n      btn.addEventListener('click', function(){\r\n        parseData();\r\n        const kind = btn.getAttribute('data-hnsj-dl'); \/\/ ris or bib\r\n        const langKey = lang || 'en';\r\n        const base = slugifyFileName(meta.doi || meta.title_en || meta.title_ar || 'citation');\r\n\r\n        if (kind === 'ris') {\r\n          downloadTextFile(base + '.ris', buildRIS(meta, langKey), 'application\/x-research-info-systems;charset=utf-8');\r\n        } else {\r\n          downloadTextFile(base + '.bib', buildBibTeX(meta, langKey), 'application\/x-bibtex;charset=utf-8');\r\n        }\r\n      });\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    document.addEventListener('keydown', (e)=>{\r\n      if(e.key === 'Escape' && modal.style.display === 'block') closeModal();\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function bootHnsjCite(){\r\n    document.querySelectorAll('[data-hnsj-cite-root]').forEach(initHnsjCite);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Run now if DOM already ready, otherwise wait\r\n  if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\r\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', bootHnsjCite);\r\n  } else {\r\n    bootHnsjCite();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Also handle late injected content (builders\/cache)\r\n  const obs = new MutationObserver(() => bootHnsjCite());\r\n  obs.observe(document.documentElement, { childList: true, subtree: true });\r\n\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<div data-hnsj-cite-root id='hnsjCite_44605'>\r\n  <button type='button' class='hnsj-cite-btn' data-hnsj-open>\r\n    <span>\ud83d\udccc<\/span><span>Cite this article<\/span>\r\n  <\/button>\r\n\r\n  <div class='hnsj-modal-backdrop' data-hnsj-backdrop><\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class='hnsj-modal' data-hnsj-modal data-meta='{&quot;authors_en&quot;:&quot;Mustafa Kazem Sehr, Sakina Kareem Mahdi, Enas Shahid Halim&quot;,&quot;authors_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u0647\u0631 \u060c \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645&quot;,&quot;title_en&quot;:&quot;The Role of E-Marketing among Administrative Leaders in Increasing Work Team Interaction&quot;,&quot;title_ar&quot;:&quot;\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644&quot;,&quot;journal_en&quot;:&quot;Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal&quot;,&quot;journal_ar&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&quot;,&quot;year&quot;:&quot;2026&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;7&quot;,&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;doi&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-17\\\/&quot;,&quot;published_at&quot;:&quot;2026-01-01&quot;}' data-cit-en='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;Sehr M. K., Mahdi S. K., Halim E. S.. (2026). The Role of E-Marketing among Administrative Leaders in Increasing Work Team Interaction. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Mustafa Kazem Sehr, Sakina Kareem Mahdi, Enas Shahid Halim. 2026. \\&quot;The Role of E-Marketing among Administrative Leaders in Increasing Work Team Interaction.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 1. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Sehr M. K., Mahdi S. K., Halim E. S.. 2026. The Role of E-Marketing among Administrative Leaders in Increasing Work Team Interaction. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-01-01. [Cited 2026-04-25]. 7(1). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-17\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Sehr M. K., Mahdi S. K., Halim E. S.. The Role of E-Marketing among Administrative Leaders in Increasing Work Team Interaction. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-01-01; 7(1). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Sehr M. K., Mahdi S. K., Halim E. S., \\&quot;The Role of E-Marketing among Administrative Leaders in Increasing Work Team Interaction,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Mustafa Kazem Sehr, Sakina Kareem Mahdi, Enas Shahid Halim. \\&quot;The Role of E-Marketing among Administrative Leaders in Increasing Work Team Interaction.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026-01-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0645. \u0643\u060c \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0633. \u0643\u060c \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627. \u0634. (2026). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f. 2026. \u00ab\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0645. \u0643\u060c \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0633. \u0643\u060c \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627. \u0634. \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-01-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-25]. 7(1). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-17\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0645. \u0643\u060c \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0633. \u0643\u060c \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627. \u0634. \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-01-01\u061b 7(1). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0645. \u0643\u060c \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0633. \u0643\u060c \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627. \u0634. \u00ab\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 1\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0633\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f. \u00ab\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 1\u060c 2026-01-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/17&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u2013\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a: (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646: (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a). \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064f\u0632\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 139 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 136 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 (\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 90.67%). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062d\u0632\u0645 (SPSS) \u0648(AMOS v.26) \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aims to identify the role of e-marketing among administrative leaders in universities and private colleges in the provinces of Karbala and Najaf in enhancing work team interaction. The research adopts a descriptive\u2013analytical approach\u060c measuring e-marketing through five dimensions: communication\u060c attraction\u060c interaction\u060c retention\u060c and learning\u060c while work team interaction is measured through two dimensions: supportive interaction and coercive interaction. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to a sample of administrative leaders; 139 questionnaires were retrieved\u060c of which 136 were valid for analysis (a response rate of 90.67%). The statistical packages SPSS and AMOS v.26 were used to test reliability and validity and to analyze relationships and path effects. The results reveal a strong positive correlation between e-marketing and work team interaction\u060c as well as a statistically significant effect of e-marketing in enhancing team interaction. The findings also indicate that the combined dimensions of e-marketing explain a substantial proportion of the variance in work team interaction. The study recommends activating social media platforms as internal organizational communication channels\u060c developing effective mechanisms for faster and more efficient communication and knowledge exchange\u060c and providing continuous training for administrative leaders on best e-marketing practices to strengthen team spirit and improve overall institutional performance.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> E-marketing\u060c Administrative leadership\u060c Work team interaction\u060c Social media platforms\u060c Universities and private colleges.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 (Hassan&amp; Al-Asouli\u060c2020:2)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Elmasry\u060c2025:55).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 (Foltz-Ramos et al.\u060c2025:68)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a (Van Ments et al.\u060c2025:25).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631 <\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u061f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642\u061f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0650\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0631 <\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1316\" height=\"732\" class=\"wp-image-15471\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1.png 1316w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1-1024x570.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1-768x427.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1-135x75.png 135w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1-270x150.png 270w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1-585x325.png 585w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-1-450x250.png 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1316px) 100vw, 1316px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>H1: \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>H2: \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627: \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 (\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0641) \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (12) \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a (\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (175) \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 (150) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 (139) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (3) \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648(136) \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 (90.67%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Susanti\u060c2025:387). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 (Raffi&amp; Chaldun\u060c2022:180). \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 (Bezhovski\u060c2025:79) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b (Jadhav et al.\u060c2023:78)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 (Aancy et al.\u060c2023:21). \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641 (Csord\u00e1s et al.\u060c2022:125) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (AlQattan&amp; Al Mubarak\u060c2025:36)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 (Agusta&amp; Yusnidar\u060c2024:165)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0646 (YachouAityassine&amp; Al-Ajlouni\u060c2022:46).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a(Simarmata et al.\u060c2019:37)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628(Ranchhod\u060c2004:2-3). \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629(Song et al.\u060c2012:4).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646(WU\u060c2016:14) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647(Reddy et al.\u060c2017:76) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631(Sabaityt\u0117 et al.\u060c2018:9) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 . \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631(Fielden et al.\u060c2019:9) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 ( \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u062d. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a) \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642(Dodrajka\u060c2020:2). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639(Budacia&amp; Busuioc\u060c2021:43).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0633\u0639\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627 (Tunyakulsajja\u060c 2012:1). \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Suciati\u060c2018:135).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 (Vynogradova et al.\u060c2020:91). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646(Bella\u060c2020:17). \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 (Khair et al.\u060c2020:4).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a (Alshurideh\u060c2025):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/strong>: \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646: \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 (Habibi et al.\u060c2015:2). \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 (Chan et al.\u060c2011:8) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628<\/strong>: \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a (\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a) \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646: \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 (Chong et al.\u060c2010:20). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 (Teo\u060c2022:205\u061bKian\u060c2011:12).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644<\/strong>: \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646: \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629(Chan et al.\u060c2011:8).\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0627 (Teo\u060c2022:205).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/strong>: \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (Teo\u060c2022:205). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629(Habibi et al.\u060c2015:2).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong>: \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Teo \u060c2022: 205). \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0634\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Habibi et al.\u060c2015:2).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 (Oham&amp; Ejike\u060c2024:186)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 (Siemon\u060c2022:873)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 (Purnantara et al.\u060c2023:766)\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 (Ogbu et al.\u060c2024:190).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 (SHAIBU et al.\u060c2024:4)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (Ajiga et al.\u060c2024:2667). \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (Demir et al.\u060c2023:722) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062c\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 (Chen et al.\u060c2023:2).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 (Liu et al.\u060c2024:3)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (Rosen et al.\u060c2018:435) \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d (Kotlyar&amp; Karakowsky\u060c2012:1012) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (Paredes-Saavedra et al.\u060c2024:282)\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0645 (Carmeli et al.\u060c2021:548)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Adham\u060c2023:155)\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 (Kilcullen et al.\u060c2022:1436).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 (Hayat et al.\u060c2022:71). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (Rad et al.\u060c2024:5027)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 (Fonseca et al.\u060c2023:12) \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Oham&amp; Ejike\u060c2024:185)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (Ningsih\u060c2024:177) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a (Sung&amp; Choi\u060c2021):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 (Strau\u00df et al.\u060c2025:129)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 (Berraies&amp; Chouiref\u060c2023:844)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 (Kohn\u060c2024:63) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (Zidane\u060c2025:188).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 (Ki\u0161juhas\u060c2024:365)\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 (Arias-P\u00e9rez et al.\u060c2023:1793)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 (Ilyas et al.\u060c2025:2115). \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 (M\u00fcller et al.\u060c2023:1124) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 (Weingart et al.\u060c2023:409).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMC<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>DM<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>Alshurideh\u060c2025<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMA<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DML<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TSI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>TI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Sung&amp; Choi\u060c2021<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TCI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 0.05\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 <strong>Kol-Smia<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Sig.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.268<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>0.307<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.130<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>0.164<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.277<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.176<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.23<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.142<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.329<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.186<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.236<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.125<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.248<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>0.253<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.166<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>0.174<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.302<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.176<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u063a (0.925)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (20) \u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha =0.897)\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (0.768) \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (0.909) \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 (\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (6) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha =0.825)\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (0.852) \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (0.870) \u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (3) \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.909<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p><strong>0.897<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"7\">\n<p><strong>0.925<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.857<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.875<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.879<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.768<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.852<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>0.825<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.870<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a DM \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 (3.32) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 (0.678)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 DME \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0640 (3.40) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 (0.658)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 DMA \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a (3.22) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0640 (0.928)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 TI \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 (3.33) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 (0.734)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 TSI \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0640 (3.34) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 (0.715)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a TCI \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a (3.31) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0640 (0.835)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4) \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>No.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Mean<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>S.D<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>No.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Mean<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>S.D<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMC1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.907<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMR3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.954<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMC2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.998<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMR4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.839<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMC3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.33<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.967<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.34<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMC4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.164<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DML1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.824<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMC<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.34<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.891<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DML2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.815<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMA1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.092<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DML3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.850<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMA2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.115<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DML<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.31<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.599<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMA3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.126<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DM<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.32<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.678<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMA4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.014<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TSI1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.843<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMA<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.22<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.928<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TSI2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.126<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.809<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TSI3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.889<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.809<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TSI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.34<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.715<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.829<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TCI1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.967<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.021<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TCI2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.886<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TCI3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.964<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.40<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.658<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TCI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.31<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.835<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMR1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.38<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.993<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>3.33<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.734<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMR2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.21<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.731<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>H1: \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 (0.864) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646 (0.632) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 DML \u0648\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a TCI\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0649 (0.798) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 DMA \u0648 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a TCI\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5) \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMC<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMA<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DML<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DM<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TSI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TCI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMC<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMA<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.872<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DME<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.822<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.775<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DMR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.850<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.751<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.835<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DML<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.721<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.616<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.686<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.775<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>DM<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.954<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.908<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.906<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.923<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.819<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TSI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.749<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.690<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.791<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.723<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.728<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.809<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TCI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.785<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.798<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.741<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.763<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.632<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.829<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.796<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>TI<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.810<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.789<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.806<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.785<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.713<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>.864<sup>**<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.939<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>.956<sup>**<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>H2: \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (2) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 (0.936) \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (0.042) \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 (22.286)\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1316\" height=\"775\" class=\"wp-image-15472\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-2.png 1316w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-2-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-2-1024x603.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-2-768x452.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15450-2-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1316px) 100vw, 1316px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (2) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 (0.747) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (6) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 R<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 P<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>&lt;&#8212;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.936<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.042<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>22.286<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>0.747<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>***<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0630\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aancy\u060c H. M.\u060c Bandyapadhyay\u060c M.\u060c Taneja\u060c S.\u060c Rao\u060c P. V.\u060c &amp; Srivastava\u060c B. (2023). Identifying the factors influencing digital marketing and brand-consumer relationship. Risk and Decision Analysis\u060c 9(1)\u060c 19-29.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Adham\u060c T. K. I. (2023). Conflict resolution in team: Analyzing the of conflicts and best skills for resolution. Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology\u060c 11(08)\u060c 152-162.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Agusta\u060c M. A.\u060c &amp; Yusnidar\u060c Y. (2024). Revisiting the Future of International Marketing Strategy in the Digital Age. Journal of Applied Business and Technology\u060c 5(3)\u060c 164-192.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ajiga\u060c D.\u060c Okeleke\u060c P. A.\u060c Folorunsho\u060c S. O.\u060c &amp; Ezeigweneme\u060c C. (2024). Methodologies for developing scalable software frameworks that support growing business needs. Int. J. Manag. Entrep. Res\u060c 6(8)\u060c 2661-2683.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">AlQattan\u060c A.\u060c &amp; Al Mubarak\u060c M. (2025). The Role of E-Marketing in Business Effectiveness in the Digital Age. In Ethical Standards for Technological and Business Education Sustainability (pp. 35-51). Emerald Publishing Limited.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alshurideh\u060c M. T.\u060c Alserhan\u060c A. F.\u060c Mohammad\u060c A. A. S.\u060c Alanazi\u060c T.\u060c Alzeetawi\u060c O. A. M.\u060c Al-Tit\u060c A. A.\u060c &#8230; &amp; Al-Adamat\u060c A. M. (2025). Impact of digital marketing on mental image of banks in Saudi Arabia. In Intelligence-Driven Circular Economy: Regeneration Towards Sustainability and Social Responsibility\u2014Volume 2 (pp. 195-209). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Arias-P\u00e9rez\u060c J.\u060c Chac\u00f3n-Henao\u060c J.\u060c &amp; L\u00f3pez-Zapata\u060c E. (2023). Unlocking agility: Trapped in the antagonism between co-innovation in digital platforms\u060c business analytics capability and external pressure for AI adoption?. Business Process Management Journal\u060c 29(6)\u060c 1791-1809.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Berraies\u060c S.\u060c &amp; Chouiref\u060c A. (2023). Exploring the effect of team climate on knowledge management in teams through team work engagement: evidence from knowledge-intensive firms. Journal of Knowledge Management\u060c 27(3)\u060c 842-869.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bezhovski\u060c Z. (2025). The New 3P Model in Digital Marketing: Redefining the Marketing Mix for the Digital Age. Asian Journal of Management\u060c Entrepreneurship and Social Science\u060c 5(01)\u060c 78-100.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Budacia\u060c E. A.\u060c &amp; Busuioc\u060c M. F. (2021). The Challenges Of Inside Marketing Generated By The New Context Of Extended Telework. Journal of Information Systems &amp; Operations Management\u060c 15(1)\u060c 42-50.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Carmeli\u060c A.\u060c Levi\u060c A.\u060c &amp; Peccei\u060c R. (2021). Resilience and creative problem-solving capacities in project teams: A relational view. International Journal of Project Management\u060c 39(5)\u060c 546-556.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chan\u060c N. L.\u060c &amp; Guillet\u060c B. D. (2011). Investigation of social media marketing: how does the hotel industry in Hong Kong perform in marketing on social media websites?. Journal of Travel &amp; Tourism Marketing\u060c 28(4)\u060c 345-368.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chen\u060c M.\u060c Chen\u060c H.\u060c Wu\u060c Y.\u060c Yang\u060c R.\u060c Guo\u060c C.\u060c Zhao\u060c M.\u060c &#8230; &amp; Zang\u060c S. (2023). Development and validation of the Perceived Benefits of Team-Interaction Training Questionnaire (PBTITQ) among undergraduates. BMC Medical Education\u060c 23(1)\u060c 1-13.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chong\u060c W. K.\u060c Shafaghi\u060c M.\u060c Woollaston\u060c C.\u060c &amp; Lui\u060c V. (2010). B2B e\u2010marketplace: an e\u2010marketing framework for B2B commerce. Marketing Intelligence &amp; Planning<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Csord\u00e1s\u060c A.\u060c Pancsira\u060c J.\u060c Lengyel\u060c P.\u060c F\u00fczesi\u060c I.\u060c &amp; Felf\u00f6ldi\u060c J. (2022). The potential of digital marketing tools to develop the innovative SFSC players\u2019 business models. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology\u060c Market\u060c and Complexity\u060c 8(3)\u060c 122.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Demir\u060c M.\u060c Canan\u060c M.\u060c &amp; Cohen\u060c M. C. (2023). Modeling team interaction and decision-making in agile human\u2013machine teams: Quantum and dynamical systems perspective. IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems\u060c 53(4)\u060c 720-730.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dodrajka\u060c S. (2020)Online Marketing: Measuring Indian Urban Customer Perception towards Online Shopping Sites.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Elmasry\u060c M. H. E. (2025). The relationship between managing work teams and enhancing organizational resilience in the municipalities of northern Gaza during the Israeli war (2023-2025). Journal of Economic\u060c Administrative and Legal Sciences\u060c 9(10)\u060c 54-72.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fielden\u060c A.\u060c Michalkova\u060c L.\u060c Vrbka\u060c J.\u060c &amp; Lyakina\u060c M. (2019). Smart sustainable data-driven manufacturing: Cyber-physical production systems and internet of things sensing networks. Journal of Self-Governance and Management Economics\u060c 7(4)\u060c 7-13.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Foltz-Ramos\u060c K.\u060c Fusco\u060c N. M.\u060c &amp; Paige\u060c J. B. (2025). Saving patient x: A quasi-experimental study of teamwork and performance in simulation following an interprofessional escape room. Journal of interprofessional care\u060c 39(1)\u060c 67-74.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fonseca\u060c I.\u060c Caviedes\u060c M.\u060c Chantr\u00e9\u060c J.\u060c &amp; Bernate\u060c J. (2023). Gamification and game-based learning as cooperative learning tools: A systematic review. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)\u060c 18(21)\u060c 4-23.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Habibi\u060c F.\u060c Hamilton\u060c C. A.\u060c Valos\u060c M. J.\u060c &amp; Callaghan\u060c M. (2015). E-marketing orientation and social media implementation in B2B marketing. European Business Review.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hassan\u060c H. A.\u060c &amp; Al-Asouli\u060c A. A. (2020\u060c August). The impact of e-marketing on achieving customer satisfaction. In The 1st International Conference on Information Technology &amp; Business (ICITB2020)\u060c 1-29.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hayat\u060c K.\u060c Hafeez\u060c M.\u060c Bilal\u060c K.\u060c &amp; Shabbir\u060c M. S. (2022). Interactive effects of organizational structure and team work quality on project success in project based non profit organizations. iRASD Journal of Management\u060c 4(1)\u060c 68-87.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ilyas\u060c A.\u060c Gulraiz\u060c M.\u060c Zubair\u060c Z.\u060c Khan\u060c A. H.\u060c &amp; Munir\u060c W. (2025). Unraveling the impact of abusive supervision on emotional exhaustion: A serial mediation model of stress\u060c relational conflict\u060c and toxic workplaces. Social Science Review Archives\u060c 3(1)\u060c 2109-2130.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jadhav\u060c G. G.\u060c Gaikwad\u060c S. V.\u060c &amp; Bapat\u060c D. (2023). A systematic literature review: digital marketing and its impact on SMEs. Journal of Indian Business Research\u060c 15(1)\u060c 76-91.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khair\u060c H.\u060c Pulungan\u060c D. R.\u060c &amp; Putri\u060c L. P. (2020). Cyber Marketing Model: Produk UMKM Wilayah Medan-Binjai-Deli Serdang Propinsi Sumatera Utara. Ekonomikawan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan\u060c 20(1).\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kian\u060c C. W. (2011). The design and development of an e-marketing framework for the Asian B2B market place (Doctoral dissertation\u060c University of Bolton).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kilcullen\u060c M.\u060c Feitosa\u060c J.\u060c &amp; Salas\u060c E. (2022). Insights from the virtual team science: Rapid deployment during COVID-19. Human Factors\u060c 64(8)\u060c 1429-1440.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ki\u0161juhas\u060c A. (2024). What holds society together? Emotions\u060c social ties\u060c and group solidarity in leisure interaction rituals. Leisure Studies\u060c 43(3)\u060c 363-377.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kohn\u060c P. (2024). Group Activities and Collaborative Learning: Fostering Effective Team Leadership. In Elevating Leadership: Innovative Teaching Methods for Developing Future Leaders (pp. 59-73). Emerald Publishing Limited.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kotlyar\u060c I.\u060c &amp; Karakowsky\u060c L. (2012). The influence of team demographic composition on individual helping behavior. Psychology\u060c 3(12)\u060c 1010-1017.\u200f\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Liu\u060c H. Y.\u060c Han\u060c H. M.\u060c Chen\u060c H. F.\u060c Han\u060c C. Y.\u060c Huang\u060c D. H.\u060c Hsu\u060c D. Y.\u060c &amp; Chiang\u060c C. H. (2024). Team interaction behaviors correlates with team creativity among nursing students: Canonical correlation and moderation analyses. BMC nursing\u060c 23(1)\u060c 1-9.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Magano\u060c J.\u060c &amp; Cunha\u060c M. N. (2020). Digital marketing impact on tourism in Portugal: A quantitative study. African Journal of Hospitality\u060c Tourism and Leisure\u060c 9(1)\u060c 1-19.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u00fcller\u060c R.\u060c Graf\u060c B.\u060c Ellwart\u060c T.\u060c &amp; Antoni\u060c C. H. (2023). How software agents can help to coordinate emergency response teams: adaptive team performance comparing manual and automated team communication. Journal of Business and Psychology\u060c 38(5)\u060c 1121-1137.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ningsih\u060c W. (2024). The analyst of interactive lecturing approach to enhance the students\u2019 learning motivation in higher education institutions. Al-Hijr: Journal of Adulearn World\u060c 3(1)\u060c 172-187.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ogbu\u060c A. D.\u060c Ozowe\u060c W.\u060c &amp; Ikevuje\u060c A. H. (2024). Remote work in the oil and gas sector: An organizational culture perspective. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews\u060c 20(1)\u060c 188-207.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Oham\u060c C.\u060c &amp; Ejike\u060c O. G. (2024). Creativity and collaboration in creative industries: Proposing a conceptual model for enhanced team dynamics. Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews\u060c 12(1)\u060c 185-188.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Paredes-Saavedra\u060c M.\u060c Vallejos\u060c M.\u060c Huancahuire-Vega\u060c S.\u060c Morales-Garc\u00eda\u060c W. C.\u060c &amp; Geraldo-Campos\u060c L. A. (2024). Work team effectiveness: Importance of organizational culture\u060c work climate\u060c leadership\u060c creative synergy\u060c and emotional intelligence in university employees. Administrative Sciences\u060c 14(11)\u060c 280.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Purnantara\u060c I. M. H.\u060c Huanza\u060c M.\u060c Pianda\u060c D.\u060c Effendi\u060c M.\u060c &amp; Waqiah\u060c W. (2023). Fostering success: Investigating knowledge sharing\u060c leadership\u060c work behavior and performance. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis\u060c 764-771.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Rad\u060c H. S.\u060c Alipour\u060c R.\u060c &amp; Jafarpour\u060c A. (2024). Using artificial intelligence to foster students\u2019 writing feedback literacy\u060c engagement\u060c and outcome: A case of Wordtune application. Interactive Learning Environments\u060c 32(9)\u060c 5020-5040.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Raffi\u060c R. A. A.\u060c &amp; Chaldun\u060c E. R. (2022). Developing customer value to perform effective digital marketing strategy for digital product. International Journal of Business and Technology Management\u060c 4(3)\u060c 178-189.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ranchhod\u060c A. (2004). The changing nature of cyber\u2010marketing strategies. Business Process Management Journal.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reddy\u060c K. S.\u060c Panwar\u060c L.\u060c Panigrahi\u060c B. K.\u060c Kumar\u060c R.\u060c &amp; Yu\u060c H. (2017). Demand side management with consumer clusters in cyber-physical smart distribution system considering price-based and reward-based scheduling programs. IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory &amp; Applications\u060c 2(2)\u060c 75-83.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Rosen\u060c M. A.\u060c DiazGranados\u060c D.\u060c Dietz\u060c A. S.\u060c Benishek\u060c L. E.\u060c Thompson\u060c D.\u060c Pronovost\u060c P. J.\u060c &amp; Weaver\u060c S. J. (2018). Teamwork in healthcare: Key discoveries enabling safer\u060c high-quality care. American Psychologist\u060c 73(4)\u060c 433\u2013450.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sabaityt\u0117\u060c J.\u060c &amp; Davidavi\u010dien\u0117\u060c V. (2018). The analysis of internet marketing research directions. \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0456 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457\u060c 2(1)\u060c 7-20.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shaibu\u060c O. G.\u060c Mbaegbu\u060c R.\u060c Echetama\u060c F. C.\u060c &amp; Zion-Ngoka\u060c C. K. (2024). Effect of team creativity on sustainability of oil lubricant companies in imo state. Social sciences\u060c 1(2)\u060c 1-15.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Siemon\u060c D. (2022). Elaborating team roles for artificial intelligence-based teammates in human-AI collaboration. Group Decision and Negotiation\u060c 31(5)\u060c 871-912.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Simarmata\u060c L. F. (2019). Cyber Branding Clothing Line Nadjani (Studi Kasus Cyber Branding Clothing Line Nadjani Melalui Akun Instagram@ Nadjaniindonesia Dalam Membangun Brand Loyalty Konsumennya) (Doctoral dissertation\u060c Universitas Komputer Indonesia).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">SONG\u060c Y.\u060c SONG\u060c H. L.\u060c &amp; HE\u060c Z. Z. (2012). Network Marketing Strategies of Saide Hi-Tech Beijing Railway Electrical Technology Co.\u060c ltd. Mechanical Management and Development\u060c 06.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Strau\u00df\u060c S.\u060c Tunnigkeit\u060c I.\u060c Eberle\u060c J.\u060c Avdullahu\u060c A.\u060c &amp; Rummel\u060c N. (2025). Comparing the effects of a collaboration script and collaborative reflection on promoting knowledge about good collaboration and effective interaction. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning\u060c 20(1)\u060c 121-159.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Suciati\u060c P.\u060c &amp; Maulidiyanti\u060c M. (2018\u060c July). Viral Message in the World of Cyber Marketing and Public Relations. In International Conference of Communication Science Research (ICCSR 2018) (pp. 131-135). Atlantis Press.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sung\u060c S. Y.\u060c &amp; Choi\u060c J. N. (2021). Leader status behaviors and team creativity: The role of collective interactions and status conflict among members. Journal of Organizational Behavior\u060c 42(8)\u060c 1120-1133.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Susanti\u060c L. (2025). Product Marketing Strategy Using Digital Marketing Technology. Journal of Social Science and Business Studies\u060c 3(1)\u060c 386-391.\u200f\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Teo\u060c T. S. (2022). Usage and effectiveness of online marketing tools among Business-to-Consumer (B2C) firms in Singapore. International journal of information management\u060c 25(3)\u060c 203-213.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tunyakulsajja\u060c P. (2012)Export wholesale web-based marketplace siam quality. com.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Van Ments\u060c L.\u060c Treur\u060c J.\u060c Klein\u060c J.\u060c &amp; Roelofsma\u060c P. H. (2025). Developing a Safety and Security AI Coach: A Second-Order Adaptive Network Model of Shared Mental Models in Hospital Teamwork. In Using Shared Mental Models and Organisational Learning to Support Safety and Security Through Cyberspace: A Computational Analysis Approach (pp. 23-58). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vynogradova\u060c O.\u060c Drokina\u060c N.\u060c Yevtushenko\u060c N.\u060c Darchuk\u060c V.\u060c &amp; Irtlach\u060c M. (2020). Theoretical approaches to the definition of Internet marketing: Ukrainian dimension. Innovative Marketing\u060c 16(1)\u060c 89-103.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Weingart\u060c L. R.\u060c Jehn\u060c K. A.\u060c &amp; Krueger\u060c K. L. (2023). Manage intrateam conflict through collaboration. Principles of Organizational Behavior: The Handbook of Evidence\u2010Based Management 3rd Edition\u060c 403-427.\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">WU\u060c J. Y. (2016). Application Analysis of Cyber Marketing in Real Estate. DEStech Transactions on Economics\u060c Business and Management\u060c (icem).\u200f<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">YachouAityassine\u060c F. L.\u060c &amp; Al-Ajlouni\u060c M. M. (2022). The effect of digital marketing strategy on customer and organizational outcomes. Marketing i mened\u017ement innovacij\u060c 13(4)\u060c 45-54.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zidane\u060c K. (2025). Exploring the role of team building activities in internal marketing effectiveness: a conceptual framework. Management and Entrepreneurship: Trends of Development\u060c 2(32)\u060c 187-196.\u200f<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15450","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15450","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15450"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15450\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15474,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15450\/revisions\/15474"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15450"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}