{"id":15448,"date":"2025-12-31T12:33:29","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T12:33:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15448"},"modified":"2026-03-16T12:25:20","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T12:25:20","slug":"7-1-19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/7-1-19\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629: (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2012-2022)<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Impact of the Open Ship Registry System on Maritime Fleets: An Applied Study on the State of Qatar (2012\u20132022)<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Nael Mohammed Abdullah Mohammed Al-Khalidi<sup>1<\/sup>, Dr. Abdul Sadiq Mohammed Saeed Mohammed Ahmed<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Red Sea University, Sudan.<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/19' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj71\/19<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/19' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/71\/19<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (7) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 316 - 341<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-05 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-12-13 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2026-01-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume7\/issue1\/7-1-19.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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M. A. M., Ahmed A. M. S. M.. (2026). The Impact of the Open Ship Registry System on Maritime Fleets: An Applied Study on the State of Qatar (2012\u20132022). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Nael Mohammed Abdullah Mohammed Al-Khalidi, Abdul Sadiq Mohammed Saeed Mohammed Ahmed. 2026. \\&quot;The Impact of the Open Ship Registry System on Maritime Fleets: An Applied Study on the State of Qatar (2012\u20132022).\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 7, no. 1. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Al-Khalidi N. M. A. M., Ahmed A. M. S. M.. 2026. The Impact of the Open Ship Registry System on Maritime Fleets: An Applied Study on the State of Qatar (2012\u20132022). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2026-01-01. [Cited 2026-04-25]. 7(1). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/7-1-19\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Al-Khalidi N. M. A. M., Ahmed A. M. S. M.. The Impact of the Open Ship Registry System on Maritime Fleets: An Applied Study on the State of Qatar (2012\u20132022). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2026-01-01; 7(1). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Al-Khalidi N. M. A. M., Ahmed A. M. S. M., \\&quot;The Impact of the Open Ship Registry System on Maritime Fleets: An Applied Study on the State of Qatar (2012\u20132022),\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Nael Mohammed Abdullah Mohammed Al-Khalidi, Abdul Sadiq Mohammed Saeed Mohammed Ahmed. \\&quot;The Impact of the Open Ship Registry System on Maritime Fleets: An Applied Study on the State of Qatar (2012\u20132022).\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, 2026-01-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0646. \u0645. \u0639. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639. \u0645. \u0633. \u0645. (2026). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629: (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2012-2022). \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. 2026. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629: (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2012-2022)\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 7(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0646. \u0645. \u0639. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639. \u0645. \u0633. \u0645. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629: (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2012-2022). \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2026-01-01. 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[\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2026-01-01\u061b 7(1). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0646. \u0645. \u0639. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639. \u0645. \u0633. \u0645. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629: (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2012-2022)\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 7\u060c \u0639 1\u060c 2026. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj71\\\/19&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. \u00ab\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629: (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 2012-2022)\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 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\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.\r\n<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> The Impact of the Open Ship Registry System on Maritime Fleets: An Applied Study on the State of Qatar (2012\u20132022)<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study examines the impact of adopting the open ship registry system on maritime fleet performance, using the State of Qatar during the period 2012\u20132022 as an applied case. It also highlights the system\u2019s implications for maritime safety and marine environmental protection, as well as for the size and performance of the national fleet. The study employed a descriptive\u2013analytical approach in addition to the case study method, and relied on field tools including a questionnaire (40 forms), interviews, observation, and site visits, alongside statistical analysis using SPSS to test the research hypotheses.\r\nThe findings indicate a statistically significant relationship between open registration and indicators associated with increased safety risks and weaker inspection and control procedures. The results also show that a considerable proportion of shipowners prefer open registration for economic and regulatory reasons, most notably lower costs and taxes and greater flexibility regarding crew requirements, despite the facilitation features offered by Qatar\u2019s national registry. Moreover, the study reveals that shifting vessels to flags of convenience negatively affects the size of the national fleet and reduces the potential economic and strategic benefits derived from it.\r\nAccordingly, the study recommends strengthening the attractiveness of national registration by reducing fees and taxes, easing national crew requirements, improving registration and oversight mechanisms, and intensifying awareness efforts about the adverse safety and environmental impacts of open registration\u2014thereby supporting the preservation of the Qatari maritime fleet and its role in boosting the national economy and facilitating foreign trade.\r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Impact; Open Ship Registration; Maritime Fleets; State of Qatar.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (SPSS) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: &#8211;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 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\u0648\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 2012 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2022.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631.\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646.\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1-1 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 Flag State. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-5\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-5\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>Li and Won ham \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0645: &#8211;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk500752471\"><\/a> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a National Registry<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk500918004\"><\/a> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u062d Open Registry<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646. \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627. <sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-6\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-6\">[6]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627:\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a (NR) National Registry\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 (CR)Closed Registry \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a (TR)Traditional Registry\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 USA \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 UK \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk500918286\"><\/a> \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\/:\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (OR)Open Registry<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fastercapital.com\/arabpreneur\/%D9%87%D9%84-%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%83-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%81%D9%8A-Anangel-%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%82-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A6%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/a>\u00a0\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.2<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1.1) \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a (NR) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064aSR)) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062dOR)) \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Source: Li, K.X., and Wonham, J., \u201cNew Developments in Ship Registration\u201d, (1999) 14 International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 137-54, P.43<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 ( 1.1)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d Open Registry \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 <sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-8\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-8\">[8]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d Open Registry \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0646\u064a Registry Closed \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d Open Registry \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.2 \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 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\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0640\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1.2 ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 ( 1.2)\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 Dead Weight \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629( 2001-2020 ) \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646(2001 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2020 ) \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645( 2001 ) \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 1079000 \u0637\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 770000 \u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 ( 2003)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645( 2010 ) \u0625\u0644\u0649 1363440 \u0637\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062b\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645( 2014 ) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 914496 \u0637\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a (2020) \u0625\u0644\u0649 1084957 \u0637\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629GT \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (1995-2020) \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 DW\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 (2001-2020)\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 ( 1.2 ) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 (2001 \u0627\u0644\u0649 2020)<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Year<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Dead Weight tons<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Year<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Dead Weight tons<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2020<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1084957<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2010<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1363440<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2019<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1149497<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2009<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1206423<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2018<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1179939<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2008<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>893893<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2017<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1081855<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2007<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>932616<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2016<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>879518.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2006<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>794554<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2015<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>807570.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2005<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>793000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2014<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>914496<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2004<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>795874<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2013<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1203659<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2003<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>770000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2012<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1294600<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1040000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2011<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1290128<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1079000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Source: UNCTAD, 2020<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1.2 ) \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 (2001 \u0627\u0644\u0649 2020)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"976\" height=\"637\" class=\"wp-image-15477\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-1.png 976w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-1-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-1-768x501.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-1-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 976px) 100vw, 976px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Source: UNCTAD, 2020<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: &#8211;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647. <sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-9\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-9\">[9]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.3 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 Original Ownership Hidden\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 Ownership Anonymity\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629Special risks of not knowing the original ship owners.<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-10\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-10\">[10]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.3 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-11\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-11\">[11]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1.3) \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 (2015)<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>No.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>For all seafarers<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>For officers<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>For rating<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>China<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>china<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Philippines<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Philippines<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Philippines<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>China<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Indonesia<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>India<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Indonesia<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Russian federation<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Indonesia<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Russian federation<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Ukraine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Russian federation<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Ukraine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Source: BIMCO\/ICS, 2015<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1.3)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (7.3) \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1.3) \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 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\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644 (1.3).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1.3) \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Source: Smita, 2019<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.3 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 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\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648 75 % \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-18\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-18\">[18]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-19\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-19\">[19]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2.3) \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646(2010-2020)<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk71035286\"><\/a> Flag<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Very serious<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Serious<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Less serious<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Unspecified<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Total no of marine causalities<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Percentage of accident<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Panama (OR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>245<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>163<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>463<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11.3258317<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Liberia (OR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>108<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>147<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>340<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8.31702544<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Marshall Islands (OR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>97<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>137<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.351272016<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Hong Kong, China (NR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>103<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>146<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.571428571<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Singapore (NR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.07925636<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Malta (OR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>110<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>232<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5.675146771<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>China (NR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>67<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>78<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.908023483<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Bahamas (OR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>104<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.544031311<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Greece (NR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>26<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.100782779<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Japan (NR)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.345401174<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Total of tabulated<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>878<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>573<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>210<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1685<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>41.218 %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Total of the world<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2407<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1207<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>395<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4088<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>100%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Source: GISIS, 2020<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (2010-2020) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2.3) \u0643\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 IMO \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ILO \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 MOUs\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a <sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-20\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-20\">[20]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d Open Registry\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 <sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-21\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-21\">[21]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u062d<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-22\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-22\">[22]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 80 % \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-23\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-23\">[23]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0629<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-24\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-24\">[24]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646 80 % \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629IMO \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629ISM \u060c<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-25\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-25\">[25]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup> \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 90 % \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648 75 % \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-26\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-26\">[26]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645<sup>(<sup><a id=\"post-15448-footnote-ref-27\" href=\"#post-15448-footnote-27\">[27]<\/a><\/sup>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627:\u062a \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a 3 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a 8 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b 8 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 (40) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a spss.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.4 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.1.4\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1.4) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>100%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c <a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk204761514\"><\/a>2024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 40% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 25% \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064820% \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u064812.5% \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (2.4) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>37.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>100%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 023\/22024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 37.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 25% \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u064812.5% \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (3.4) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>30-40 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>41-50 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>51-60 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>60 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>100%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 023\/22024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 32.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 41-50 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 60 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 25% \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 51-60 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06487.5% \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 30-40 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06482.5% \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1.4) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"481\" height=\"186\" class=\"wp-image-15478\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-2.png 481w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-2-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/word-image-15448-2-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 481px) 100vw, 481px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 02024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4.4) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>19<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c023\/22024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 50% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 47.5% \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u06482.5% \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (5.4) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5-10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>11-15 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 16 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>90%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 023\/22024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 16 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u06277.5% \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 11-15 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06482.5% \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 5-10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\/ \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (6.4) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: (\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1\/ <a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk194225260\"><\/a>\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>18<\/p>\n<p>45%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>16<\/p>\n<p>40%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2\/ \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>10%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>10%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14<\/p>\n<p>35%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14<\/p>\n<p>35%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3\/ \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14<\/p>\n<p>35%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>17<\/p>\n<p>42.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4\/ \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11<\/p>\n<p>27.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>19<\/p>\n<p>47.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5\/ \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>18<\/p>\n<p>45%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12<\/p>\n<p>30%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6\/ \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>13<\/p>\n<p>32.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11<\/p>\n<p>27.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<p>20%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7\/ \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>15%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>17.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>17.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8\/ \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23<\/p>\n<p>57.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>17.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>15%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 023\/22024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4-6)\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 85% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c 12.5% \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u06482.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 17.5% \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u064810% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 77.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 15% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06487.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 75% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 14% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06487.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 75% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 20% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06487.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 47.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u062745% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 7.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 42.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 32.5% \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 25% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 75% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 20% \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u06485% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4-6) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.4 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4-7) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1\/ \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>15%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<p>20%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>22.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>13<\/p>\n<p>32.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2\/ \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>17.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12<\/p>\n<p>30%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>22.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>22.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3\/ \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>10%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>16<\/p>\n<p>40%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4\/ \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>13<\/p>\n<p>32.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>15%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>22.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>17.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk194238038\"><\/a> 5\/ \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>16<\/p>\n<p>40%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6\/ \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 ITF \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<p>20%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11<\/p>\n<p>27.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>22.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7\/ \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>15%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14<\/p>\n<p>35%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>10%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>22.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>17.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8\/ \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>10%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10<\/p>\n<p>25%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>16<\/p>\n<p>40%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>9\/ \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>10%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<p>20%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11<\/p>\n<p>27.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12<\/p>\n<p>30%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 2022\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk194227819\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 023\/22024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 <a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk213091124\"><\/a>(5-7)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 55% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 35% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06487.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 47.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 45% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06487.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 65% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 25% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u064810% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 45% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 40% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u064815% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 65% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 20% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u064812.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 47.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 ITF\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 50% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 40% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u064810% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 65% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 22.5% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u064812.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">9\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 57.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 22.5% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u064820% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4-7)\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk195954794\"><\/a><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk197670075\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk197255175\"><\/a> \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (4-8) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25<\/p>\n<p>62.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>22.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2\/ <a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk194247498\"><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>29<\/p>\n<p>72.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>15%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3\/ \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>15%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>10%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>16<\/p>\n<p>40%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12<\/p>\n<p>30%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk194340780\"><\/a> 4\/ \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<p>20%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>15<\/p>\n<p>37.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11<\/p>\n<p>27.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5\/ \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>9<\/p>\n<p>22.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>22<\/p>\n<p>55%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>19<\/p>\n<p>47.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>17.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>15%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>12.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7\/ <a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk194271873\"><\/a>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12<\/p>\n<p>30%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25<\/p>\n<p>62.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8\/ \u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 IMO &amp; ILO<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>27<\/p>\n<p>67.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<p>17.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>7.5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 023\/22024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4-8) \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1\/ \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0646 85% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 10% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u06485% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 87.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 10% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u06482.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 30% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06485% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 65% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 27.5% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06487.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 77.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 20% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06482.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 65% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 37.5% \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06487.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 92.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 2.5% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u06485% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8\/ \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 85% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 IMO &amp;ILO\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 12.5% \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u06482.5% \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (5-8)\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (9.4) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>1\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.00<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>2\/ \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.83<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>3\/ \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.38<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4\/ \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>5\/ \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.05<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>6\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>7\/ \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.32<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8\/ \u0625\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 IMO &amp; ILO<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c 023\/22024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (9.4) \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1\/ \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 IMO &amp; ILO\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (3.20) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 (1.30).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2\/ \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (3.13) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (1.38).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3\/ \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (2.54) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (1.50)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4\/ \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (2.53) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (1.58).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">5\/ \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (2.12) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (1.32).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">6\/ \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (2.05) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (1.30).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">7\/ \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (2.00) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (1.30).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8\/ \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (1.83) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (1.13).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (2.11) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (1.35) \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a: &#8211;<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 (1986) \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 ITF \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>10_\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0648\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 .<a id=\"post-15448-_Hlk194526267\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062b \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642: &#8211;<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<h6 data-section-id=\"1ctseu\" data-start=\"156\" data-end=\"179\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/h6>\n<p data-start=\"181\" data-end=\"253\"><strong data-start=\"181\" data-end=\"187\">1.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"216\" data-end=\"219\" \/>The Holy Quran, Surah Al-Jathiyah.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"258\" \/>\n<h6 data-section-id=\"1ry43te\" data-start=\"260\" data-end=\"283\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h6>\n<p data-start=\"285\" data-end=\"511\"><strong data-start=\"285\" data-end=\"291\">2.<\/strong> \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. (2000). <em data-start=\"318\" data-end=\"364\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"394\" data-end=\"397\" \/>Fawzi, Salah El-Din. (2000). <em data-start=\"426\" data-end=\"478\">Methodology of Preparing Legal Theses and Research<\/em>. Cairo: Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"513\" data-end=\"909\"><strong data-start=\"513\" data-end=\"519\">3.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644\u061b \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644. (1999). <em data-start=\"556\" data-end=\"684\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627: \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISM \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a.<br data-start=\"713\" data-end=\"716\" \/>Al-Sharabi, Talal &amp; Atiya, Adel. (1999). <em data-start=\"757\" data-end=\"877\">International Safety Rules and Their Applications: A Complete Explanation of ISM Code and Its Practical Implementation<\/em>. Alexandria: Al-Shanhabi Press.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"911\" data-end=\"1095\"><strong data-start=\"911\" data-end=\"917\">4.<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. (2005). <em data-start=\"948\" data-end=\"964\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<br data-start=\"998\" data-end=\"1001\" \/>Turk, Mohammed Abdel Fattah. (2005). <em data-start=\"1038\" data-end=\"1060\">Maritime Arbitration<\/em>. Alexandria: New University Press.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1097\" data-end=\"1339\"><strong data-start=\"1097\" data-end=\"1103\">5.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646. (2008). <em data-start=\"1128\" data-end=\"1179\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<br data-start=\"1216\" data-end=\"1219\" \/>Al-Nahrawi, Ayman. (2008). <em data-start=\"1246\" data-end=\"1314\">The Maritime Commercial Fleet: Economic Foundations and Management<\/em>. Alexandria Book Center.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1341\" data-end=\"1552\"><strong data-start=\"1341\" data-end=\"1347\">6.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642. (2015). <em data-start=\"1372\" data-end=\"1404\">\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631<\/em>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"1443\" data-end=\"1446\" \/>Al-Aaraji, Farouk. (2015). <em data-start=\"1473\" data-end=\"1518\">Studies in the International Law of the Sea<\/em>. Beirut: Zain Legal Publications.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1554\" data-end=\"1779\"><strong data-start=\"1554\" data-end=\"1560\">7.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2003). <em data-start=\"1588\" data-end=\"1614\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a.<br data-start=\"1656\" data-end=\"1659\" \/>Al-Nattah, Mohammed Ahmed. (2003). <em data-start=\"1694\" data-end=\"1724\">Ships and Maritime Accidents<\/em>. Cairo: Egyptian Office for Publications Distribution.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1781\" data-end=\"1990\"><strong data-start=\"1781\" data-end=\"1787\">8.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645. <em data-start=\"1806\" data-end=\"1843\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"1884\" data-end=\"1887\" \/>Al-Anani, Ibrahim. <em data-start=\"1906\" data-end=\"1949\">The New Law of the Sea and Arab Interests<\/em>. Institute of Arab Research and Studies.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1992\" data-end=\"2188\"><strong data-start=\"1992\" data-end=\"1998\">9.<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629. (1989). <em data-start=\"2019\" data-end=\"2053\">\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"2083\" data-end=\"2086\" \/>Badawi, Somaya. (1989). <em data-start=\"2110\" data-end=\"2156\">Economics of Maritime Transport in the World<\/em>. Alexandria: Al-Gomhoria Press.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2190\" data-end=\"2366\"><strong data-start=\"2190\" data-end=\"2197\">10.<\/strong> \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a. (1999). <em data-start=\"2219\" data-end=\"2244\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<br data-start=\"2282\" data-end=\"2285\" \/>Kholousi, Medhat. (1999). <em data-start=\"2311\" data-end=\"2334\">Ship and Maritime Law<\/em>. Alexandria: Al-Shanhabi Press.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2368\" data-end=\"2567\"><strong data-start=\"2368\" data-end=\"2375\">11.<\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. (1998). <em data-start=\"2398\" data-end=\"2431\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<br data-start=\"2468\" data-end=\"2471\" \/>Mansour, Hamada. (1998). <em data-start=\"2496\" data-end=\"2542\">Introduction to Maritime Transport Economics<\/em>. Alexandria Book Center.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2569\" data-end=\"2754\"><strong data-start=\"2569\" data-end=\"2576\">12.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633. (1997). <em data-start=\"2604\" data-end=\"2619\">\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"2654\" data-end=\"2657\" \/>Al-Zouka, Mohammed Khamis. (1997). <em data-start=\"2692\" data-end=\"2713\">Transport Geography<\/em>. Alexandria: University Knowledge House.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2756\" data-end=\"2949\"><strong data-start=\"2756\" data-end=\"2763\">13.<\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. (1983). <em data-start=\"2790\" data-end=\"2814\">\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2849\" \/>Huda, Mohammed Suleiman. (1983). <em data-start=\"2882\" data-end=\"2912\">Maritime Transport Economics<\/em>. Cairo: Egyptian Universities Press.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2951\" data-end=\"3163\"><strong data-start=\"2951\" data-end=\"2958\">14.<\/strong> \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. (2019). <em data-start=\"2980\" data-end=\"3016\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631<\/em>. \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<br data-start=\"3059\" data-end=\"3062\" \/>Amira, Saeed. (2019). <em data-start=\"3084\" data-end=\"3122\">Legal Procedures for Ship Inspection<\/em>. Amman: Scientific Hurricane Publishing.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"3165\" data-end=\"3168\" \/>\n<h6 data-section-id=\"1ehbshl\" data-start=\"3170\" data-end=\"3205\">\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/h6>\n<p data-start=\"3207\" data-end=\"3431\"><strong data-start=\"3207\" data-end=\"3214\">15.<\/strong> Alderton, T. &amp; Winchester, N. (2002). Regulation, Representation and the Flag Market: National Sovereignty and Regulation. <em data-start=\"3338\" data-end=\"3369\">Journal for Maritime Research<\/em>, Seafarers International Research Centre, Cardiff University.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3433\" data-end=\"3599\"><strong data-start=\"3433\" data-end=\"3440\">16.<\/strong> Anyanwu, J. O. (2014). The Causes and Minimization of Maritime Disasters on Passenger Vessels. <em data-start=\"3536\" data-end=\"3581\">Global Journal of Researches in Engineering<\/em>, Vol.14, Issue 2.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3601\" data-end=\"3725\"><strong data-start=\"3601\" data-end=\"3608\">17.<\/strong> Febin, A. K. (2007). Evolution of Flags of Convenience. <em data-start=\"3665\" data-end=\"3685\">Shipping Law Times<\/em>.<br data-start=\"3686\" data-end=\"3689\" \/><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"http:\/\/shippinglawtimes.blogspot.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3689\" data-end=\"3725\">http:\/\/shippinglawtimes.blogspot.com<\/a><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"3727\" data-end=\"3730\" \/>\n<h6 data-section-id=\"17hn94h\" data-start=\"3732\" data-end=\"3750\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/h6>\n<p data-start=\"3752\" data-end=\"3862\"><strong data-start=\"3752\" data-end=\"3759\">18.<\/strong> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. (2006). <em data-start=\"3789\" data-end=\"3852\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3864\" data-end=\"4048\"><strong data-start=\"3864\" data-end=\"3871\">19.<\/strong> MAIB Report. (1993). <em data-start=\"3893\" data-end=\"3953\">Safe Ships, Clean Seas Report following the Braer Incident<\/em>.<br data-start=\"3954\" data-end=\"3957\" \/><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/maib-reports\/engine-failure-and-subsequent-grounding-of-oil-tanker-braer\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3957\" data-end=\"4048\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/maib-reports\/engine-failure-and-subsequent-grounding-of-oil-tanker-braer<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4050\" data-end=\"4144\"><strong data-start=\"4050\" data-end=\"4057\">20.<\/strong> Rochdale Committee. (1970). <em data-start=\"4086\" data-end=\"4129\">Committee of Inquiry into Shipping Report<\/em>. London: HMSO.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4251\"><strong data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4153\">21.<\/strong> United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). <em data-start=\"4215\" data-end=\"4250\">Annual Maritime Transport Reports<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4253\" data-end=\"4353\"><strong data-start=\"4253\" data-end=\"4260\">22.<\/strong> International Maritime Organization (IMO). <em data-start=\"4304\" data-end=\"4352\">Annual Maritime Safety Committee Reports (MSC)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4355\" data-end=\"4407\"><strong data-start=\"4355\" data-end=\"4362\">23.<\/strong> Numbeo. (2019). <em data-start=\"4379\" data-end=\"4406\">Global Crime Index Report<\/em>.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"4409\" data-end=\"4412\" \/>\n<h6 data-section-id=\"bjsb56\" data-start=\"4414\" data-end=\"4443\">\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h6>\n<p data-start=\"4445\" data-end=\"4588\"><strong data-start=\"4445\" data-end=\"4452\">24.<\/strong> \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627. (2006). \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 98: \u062c\u0634\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621.<br data-start=\"4523\" data-end=\"4526\" \/><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/revsoc.me\/economy\/krth-lbr-lslm-98-jsh-lrbh-wqtl-lfqr\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4526\" data-end=\"4588\">https:\/\/revsoc.me\/economy\/krth-lbr-lslm-98-jsh-lrbh-wqtl-lfqr\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4590\" data-end=\"4692\"><strong data-start=\"4590\" data-end=\"4597\">25.<\/strong> Lim, Kitack. United Nations Chronicle Article.<br data-start=\"4644\" data-end=\"4647\" \/><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/ar\/chronicle\/article\/20003\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4647\" data-end=\"4692\">https:\/\/www.un.org\/ar\/chronicle\/article\/20003<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4694\" data-end=\"4822\"><strong data-start=\"4694\" data-end=\"4701\">26.<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641. (2021). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<br data-start=\"4766\" data-end=\"4769\" \/><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insurance4arab.com\/2021\/01\/blog-post.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4769\" data-end=\"4822\">https:\/\/www.insurance4arab.com\/2021\/01\/blog-post.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4824\" data-end=\"4969\"><strong data-start=\"4824\" data-end=\"4831\">27.<\/strong> Henry, Cleopatra. (2012). <em data-start=\"4858\" data-end=\"4931\">Guidelines on the Implementation of the Maritime Labour Convention 2006<\/em>. International Labour Office, Geneva.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4971\" data-end=\"5079\"><strong data-start=\"4971\" data-end=\"4978\">28.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 (UNCTAD).<br data-start=\"5040\" data-end=\"5043\" \/>Official Website: <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/unctad.org\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"5061\" data-end=\"5079\">https:\/\/unctad.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5081\" data-end=\"5173\"><strong data-start=\"5081\" data-end=\"5088\">29.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (IMO).<br data-start=\"5133\" data-end=\"5136\" \/>Official Website: <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imo.org\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"5154\" data-end=\"5173\">https:\/\/www.imo.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5266\"><strong data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5182\">30.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629.<br data-start=\"5222\" data-end=\"5225\" \/>Official Website: <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.motc.gov.qa\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"5243\" data-end=\"5266\">https:\/\/www.motc.gov.qa<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5268\" data-end=\"5365\"><strong data-start=\"5268\" data-end=\"5275\">31.<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646.<br data-start=\"5321\" data-end=\"5324\" \/>Official Website: <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.almeezan.qa\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"5342\" data-end=\"5365\">https:\/\/www.almeezan.qa<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>((<\/sup> \u0641\u0627\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c 2016\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0635. 11. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>((<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c 2017\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635. 3. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>((<\/sup> \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/p>\n<p>Dickinson, H., International Ship Registration Requirements, 2014, Official Lawyers, Eurasian Capital of European <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>()<\/sup>Unctad, 2020. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-5\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>(1)<\/sup> Li, K.X., and Wonham, J., \u201cNew Developments in Ship Registration\u201d, (1999) 14 International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 137-54, P.43 <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-6\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>(2)<\/sup> Whitworth, J. (1987). The Registration options. Causes and consequences. Which Register? Which Flag? Conference Lloyd\u2019s of London Press, P.19 <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Hill, C., Maritime Law 6th ed. (LLP: London), 2003, P.66 (( <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-8\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Matlin, Ibid, P. 68 (( <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-9\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>OECD and ITF websites. (( <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-10\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>()<\/sup>Baylon, A. &amp; Santos, V. (2011). The Challenges in Philippine Maritime Education and Training. International Journal of Innovative Interdisciplinary Research 1, (1). <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-11\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>()<\/sup> FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2012. Fishing vessels operating under open registers and the exercise of flag State [online]. Available: www.fao.org\/docrep\/005\/y3824e\/y3824e06.htm <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-12\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(( \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 (1999). \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISM \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-13\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Ready, Ibid, P. 120 (( <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-14\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(( \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f (2003). \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-15\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(3) Schager, B. (1998). A new personal appraisal system for the maritime industry, http:\/\/www.marine_profile.com\/articles.htm <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-16\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(( \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2002). \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 27\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 53\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-17\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>()<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2000). \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 ISM\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 15\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-18\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Chauvel, A. (1997). Managing Safety and Quality in Shipping, The Nautical Institute: London, UK. (( <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-18\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-19\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(( \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635. 90 <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(( \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 (1999). \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISM \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-21\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Ready, Ibid, P. 120 (( <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-22\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(( \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f (2003). \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-23\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(3) Schager, B. (1998). A new personal appraisal system for the maritime industry, http:\/\/www.marine_profile.com\/articles.htm <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-24\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>(( \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2002). \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 27\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 53\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-25\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><sup>()<\/sup> \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c (\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2000). \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 ISM\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 15\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631. <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-25\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-26\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Chauvel, A. (1997). Managing Safety and Quality in Shipping, The Nautical Institute: London, UK. (( <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-15448-footnote-27\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(( \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635. 90 <a href=\"#post-15448-footnote-ref-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 75% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 ([1])\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 90% ([2]) \u0645\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15448","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15448","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15448"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15448\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16237,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15448\/revisions\/16237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15448"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}