{"id":15348,"date":"2025-12-19T14:47:03","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T14:47:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=15348"},"modified":"2025-12-19T14:47:05","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T14:47:05","slug":"6-12-40","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/6-12-40\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: left; font-family:Times New Roman;'>D\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication par la population de la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, Ville de Goma en DR Congo<\/h3><h4 style='text-align: left; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>Determinants of Self-Medication Practices among the Population of the Karisimbi Health Zone, Goma City, DR Congo<\/h4><p style='text-align: left; font-weight:bold;'>Simweray Maisha Kevin<sup>1<\/sup>, Kamundu Kahima Amos<sup>2<\/sup>, Munyanga Mukungo Sylvain<sup>3<\/sup>, Hodari Sebiyoyo Phil\u00e9mon<sup>4<\/sup>, Kahindo Bembeleza Sylvie<sup>5<\/sup>, Bangirahe Mande Bertin<sup>6<\/sup>, Kashinde Mosomo Tr\u00e9sor<sup>7<\/sup>, Impavudu Bailande John<sup>8<\/sup>, Muisha Maonero Salomon<sup>9<\/sup>, Bailanda Mumbere Pascal<sup>10<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction: ltr; text-align: left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup>.\tEcole de sant\u00e9 publique de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Goma, Goma DR Congo 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup>.\tUniversit\u00e9 de Kinshasa, Kinshasa DR Congo3.<\/p><p><sup>3<\/sup>.\tUniversit\u00e9 Protestante de Kinshasa DRCongo5<\/p><p><sup>4<\/sup>.\tInstitut Sup\u00e9rieur P\u00e9dagogique de Kitchanga, Kitchanga DR Congo9.<\/p><p><sup>5<\/sup>.\tUniversit\u00e9 Officielle Semuliki de Beni, R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo.10<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj612\/40' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj612\/40<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: left;'><strong>Identifiant de recherche scientifique arabe:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/612\/40' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/612\/40<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: left;'><strong>Volume (6) Num\u00e9ro (12). Pages:<\/strong> 585 - 594<\/p><p style='text-align: left;'><strong>Re\u00e7u le:<\/strong> 2025-11-10 | <strong>Accept\u00e9 le:<\/strong> 2025-11-18 | <strong>Publi\u00e9 le:<\/strong> 2025-12-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue12\/6-12-40.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; gap:8px; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n.hnsj-cite-note{display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:13px;opacity:.85}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-backdrop{\r\n  position:fixed; inset:0; background:rgba(0,0,0,.55);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99998;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal{\r\n  position:fixed; left:50%; top:50%; transform:translate(-50%,-50%);\r\n  width:min(760px,94vw); background:#fff; border-radius:14px;\r\n  box-shadow:0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,.28);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99999; overflow:hidden;\r\n  border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:14px 16px; border-bottom:1px solid #eee; background:#f8fafc;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-title{font-size:16px;font-weight:800;color:#111827}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close{\r\n  border:1px solid #d1d5db; background:#fff;\r\n  width:34px; height:34px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  font-size:18px; cursor:pointer; line-height:0; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close:hover{background:#f3f4f6}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-tabs{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; padding:10px 16px;\r\n  border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; background:#f3f4f6;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800; color:#111827;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-tab:hover{background:#e5e7eb;border-color:#9ca3af}\r\n.hnsj-tab.active{\r\n  background:#0b5ed7; border-color:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(11,94,215,.18);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-body{padding:14px 16px}\r\n.hnsj-row{\r\n  display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:center;\r\n  margin-bottom:10px; justify-content:flex-end;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-select{\r\n  padding:10px 12px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #cfcfcf; min-width:220px;\r\n  background:#fff; color:#111827; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy{\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-copy:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-textarea{\r\n  width:100%; min-height:130px; padding:12px;\r\n  border-radius:12px; border:1px solid #cfcfcf;\r\n  line-height:1.7; resize:vertical; color:#111827; background:#fff;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-actions{display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center; margin-top:10px; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;}\r\n.hnsj-dl{\r\n  padding:10px 14px;\r\n  border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7;\r\n  background:#0b5ed7;\r\n  color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer;\r\n  font-weight:800;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-dl:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n\/* Force the citation modal UI to be independent from site RTL\/LTR *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal,\r\n.hnsj-modal *{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n  text-align: left;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* Keep the header title readable *\/\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  direction: ltr;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function(){\r\n  function slugifyFileName(s){\r\n    return (s || 'citation')\r\n      .toString()\r\n      .trim()\r\n      .replace(\/^https?:\\\/\\\/\/i,'')\r\n      .replace(\/[^a-z0-9]+\/gi,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/-+\/g,'-')\r\n      .replace(\/^-|-$\/g,'')\r\n      .toLowerCase();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function downloadTextFile(filename, content, mime){\r\n    var blob = new Blob([content], { type: mime || 'text\/plain;charset=utf-8' });\r\n    var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\r\n    var a = document.createElement('a');\r\n    a.href = url;\r\n    a.download = filename;\r\n    document.body.appendChild(a);\r\n    a.click();\r\n    a.remove();\r\n    setTimeout(function(){ URL.revokeObjectURL(url); }, 500);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function splitAuthors(str){\r\n    if(!str) return [];\r\n    return str\r\n      .split(\/,|\u061b|\u060c|;|\\n\/g)\r\n      .map(s => s.trim())\r\n      .filter(Boolean);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function buildRIS(m, langKey){\r\n    const title   = (langKey === 'ar') ? 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M, Amos K. K, Sylvain M. M, Philemon H. S, Sylvie K. B, Bertin B. M, Tresor K. M, John I. B, Salomon M. M, Pascal B. M. (2025). D\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication par la population de la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, Ville de Goma en DR Congo. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(12). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Kevin Simweray Maisha, Amos Kamundu Kahima, Sylvain Munyanga Mukungo, Phil\u00e9mon Hodari Sebiyoyo, Sylvie Kahindo Bembeleza, Bertin Bangirahe Mande, Tr\u00e9sor Kashinde Mosomo, John Impavudu Bailande, Salomon Muisha Maonero, Pascal Bailanda Mumbere. 2025. \\&quot;D\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication par la population de la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, Ville de Goma en DR Congo.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 12. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Kevin S. M, Amos K. K, Sylvain M. M, Philemon H. S, Sylvie K. B, Bertin B. M, Tresor K. M, John I. B, Salomon M. M, Pascal B. M. 2025. D\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication par la population de la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, Ville de Goma en DR Congo. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-12-01. [Cited 2026-05-15]. 6(12). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-12-40\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Kevin S. M, Amos K. K, Sylvain M. M, Philemon H. S, Sylvie K. B, Bertin B. M, Tresor K. M, John I. B, Salomon M. M, Pascal B. M. D\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication par la population de la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, Ville de Goma en DR Congo. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-12-01; 6(12). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Kevin S. M, Amos K. K, Sylvain M. M, Philemon H. S, Sylvie K. B, Bertin B. M, Tresor K. M, John I. B, Salomon M. M, Pascal B. M, \\&quot;D\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication par la population de la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, Ville de Goma en DR Congo,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 12, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Kevin Simweray Maisha, Amos Kamundu Kahima, Sylvain Munyanga Mukungo, Phil\u00e9mon Hodari Sebiyoyo, Sylvie Kahindo Bembeleza, Bertin Bangirahe Mande, Tr\u00e9sor Kashinde Mosomo, John Impavudu Bailande, Salomon Muisha Maonero, Pascal Bailanda Mumbere. \\&quot;D\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication par la population de la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, Ville de Goma en DR Congo.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 12, 2025-12-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;Kevin S. M, Amos K. K, Sylvain M. M, Phil\u00e9mon H. S, Sylvie K. B, Bertin B. M, Tr\u00e9sor K. M, John I. B, Salomon M. M, Pascal B. M. (2025). Determinants of Self-Medication Practices among the Population of the Karisimbi Health Zone, Goma City, DR Congo. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(12). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Kevin Simweray Maisha, Amos Kamundu Kahima, Sylvain Munyanga Mukungo, Phil\u00e9mon Hodari Sebiyoyo, Sylvie Kahindo Bembeleza, Bertin Bangirahe Mande, Tr\u00e9sor Kashinde Mosomo, John Impavudu Bailande, Salomon Muisha Maonero, Pascal Bailanda Mumbere. 2025. \u00abDeterminants of Self-Medication Practices among the Population of the Karisimbi Health Zone, Goma City, DR Congo\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(12). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Kevin S. M, Amos K. K, Sylvain M. M, Phil\u00e9mon H. S, Sylvie K. B, Bertin B. M, Tr\u00e9sor K. M, John I. B, Salomon M. M, Pascal B. M. Determinants of Self-Medication Practices among the Population of the Karisimbi Health Zone, Goma City, DR Congo. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2025-12-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-05-15]. 6(12). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-12-40\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Kevin S. M, Amos K. K, Sylvain M. M, Phil\u00e9mon H. S, Sylvie K. B, Bertin B. M, Tr\u00e9sor K. M, John I. B, Salomon M. M, Pascal B. M. Determinants of Self-Medication Practices among the Population of the Karisimbi Health Zone, Goma City, DR Congo. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2025-12-01\u061b 6(12). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Kevin S. M, Amos K. K, Sylvain M. M, Phil\u00e9mon H. S, Sylvie K. B, Bertin B. M, Tr\u00e9sor K. M, John I. B, Salomon M. M, Pascal B. M. \u00abDeterminants of Self-Medication Practices among the Population of the Karisimbi Health Zone, Goma City, DR Congo\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 12\u060c 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Kevin Simweray Maisha, Amos Kamundu Kahima, Sylvain Munyanga Mukungo, Phil\u00e9mon Hodari Sebiyoyo, Sylvie Kahindo Bembeleza, Bertin Bangirahe Mande, Tr\u00e9sor Kashinde Mosomo, John Impavudu Bailande, Salomon Muisha Maonero, Pascal Bailanda Mumbere. \u00abDeterminants of Self-Medication Practices among the Population of the Karisimbi Health Zone, Goma City, DR Congo\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 12\u060c 2025-12-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj612\\\/40&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>R\u00e9sum\u00e9: <\/strong> Introduction: L'autom\u00e9dication est le traitement de certaines maladies par les patients gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des m\u00e9dicaments autoris\u00e9s, accessibles sans ordonnance, s\u00fbrs et efficaces, dans les conditions d'utilisation indiqu\u00e9e. Les m\u00e9dicaments destin\u00e9s \u00e0 l'autom\u00e9dication doivent pouvoir \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s par les patients hors contexte m\u00e9dical, pour le traitement de sympt\u00f4mes b\u00e9nins reconnus par le patient. Certains d\u00e9terminants poussent la population au recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication, tels que: le niveau de vie, le manque, ou insuffisance de services de sant\u00e9, les culturels, le niveau d\u2019\u00e9ducation.\r\nMat\u00e9riel et M\u00e9thodes: Il s\u2019agit d\u2019une \u00e9tude transversale analytique, men\u00e9e dans la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, province du Nord Kivu, DR Congo, portant sur les d\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication, ciblant 100014 des m\u00e9nages qui forment les 20 aires de sant\u00e9 que compte cette entit\u00e9 sanitaire. Un questionnaire d\u2019enqu\u00eate a \u00e9t\u00e9 administr\u00e9 aux m\u00e9nages cible, facilit\u00e9 par une interview libre. Echantillonnage non probabiliste \u00e0 plusieurs degr\u00e9s a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9, dont le 1er degr\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 des aires de sant\u00e9, le 2e degr\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 des avenues et le 3e degr\u00e9 des chefs de m\u00e9nages. Les 14 aires concern\u00e9es par l\u2019enqu\u00eate, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es al\u00e9atoirement \u00e0 l\u2019aide du logiciel ENAFOR SMAT. Les donn\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 collect\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019aide de l\u2019outil Kobocollect et analys\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019aide du logiciel SPSS version 26.\r\nR\u00e9sultats: L\u2019autom\u00e9dication a \u00e9t\u00e9 largement pratiqu\u00e9e par la population avec 82,8 %. Le revenu mensuel inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 50 USD (OR = 3,579 ; IC95% [0,314\u20135,265] ; P valeur = 0,027), l\u2019initiative personnelle de se soigner soi-m\u00eame (OR = 2,329 ; IC95% [0,632\u20134,354] ; P valeur = 0,018), et la disponibilit\u00e9 des m\u00e9dicaments sans ordonnance (OR = 2,847 ; IC95% [0,046\u20134,591] ; P valeur = 0,031). La taille de m\u00e9nage la plus fr\u00e9quente \u00e9tait de 4 \u00e0 7 personnes soit 40,0 %, l\u2019autom\u00e9dication a \u00e9t\u00e9 pratiqu\u00e9e par 52% de nos enqu\u00eat\u00e9s. Le faible revenu mensuel avait favoris\u00e9 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication \u00e0 40%, bien que l\u2019Odds Ratio (OR = 0,945 [0,458 \u2013 4,700]) soit proche de 1, la valeur p significative (p = 0,001) et la forte proportion observ\u00e9e indiquent que le faible revenu favorise l\u2019autom\u00e9dication. Le co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 des m\u00e9dicaments et de la consultation \u00e9tait le motif de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication \u00e0 74,3 %, les croyances religieuses apparaissent dans 69,2 %, l\u2019influence familiale avait jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication \u00e0 42,6 %, la faible confiance envers les structures sanitaires et le personnel de sant\u00e9 repr\u00e9sentait 36,6 %, la vente libre de m\u00e9dicaments \u00e0 38,6 %. \r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Mots-cl\u00e9s: <\/strong> D\u00e9terminants, autom\u00e9dication, Karisimbi.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> Introduction: The study focuses on the determinants of self-medication among the population of Karisimbi Health Zone. Self-medication is the use of medication by a person on their own initiative to treat simple symptoms of a known or minor illness. The objective of this study is to identify the determinants of self-medication among the population of the Karisimbi Health zone. \r\nMaterial and Methods: The study was conducted in the Karisimbi Health Zone, located in the Karisimbi commune, Goma city, and North Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of Congo, during the period from May 1 to August 31, 2025. \r\nThis is the cross-sectional analytical study allowing the administration of a structured household survery questionnaire. Fisher\u2019s formula was used to obtain the sample size. A total 663 households were randomly selected in 14 health areas. Data were collected and analysed using SPSS version 26 software. Statistical tests applied included Pearson's chi-square, the calculation of Odds Ratios (OR) and multivariate logistic regression to identify significant predictors.\r\nResults: Self-medication was widely practised by the population at 82, 6%. A monthly income less than USD 50 was significantly associated (OR = 3.579; 95% CI [0.314\u20135.265]; P value = 0.027), as was the initiative to treat oneself (OR = 2.329; 95% CI [0.632\u20134.354]; P value = 0.018), and the availability of medicines without a prescription (OR = 2.847; 95% CI [0.046\u20134.591]; P value = 0.031) are the self-medication predictors. These factors reflect the combined effect of economic insecurity, sociocultural norms, and the weakness of the pharmaceutical regulatory system.\r\nConclusion: Self-medication in the Karisimbi health zone is determined by economic constraints, social practices that value self-medication in health and uncontrolled access to medicines. Multisectoral interventions are necessary, including strict regulation of over-the-counter sales, improved affordability of healthcare, and community health, education campaigns.\r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Determinants, self-medication, Karisimbi.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Introduction\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dans le contexte mondial, on estime qu&#8217;au moins 400 millions de personnes n&#8217;ont pas acc\u00e8s aux services de sant\u00e9 essentiels, et qu&#8217;il manquera 18 millions d&#8217;agents de sant\u00e9 d&#8217;ici \u00e0 2030. Les raisons courantes de l\u00b4autom\u00e9dication\u00a0incluent les plus souvent le co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 de la prise en charge des malades dans les formations sanitaires, le faible pouvoir d\u00b4achat, l\u00b4insuffisance en infrastructures et personnels de sant\u00e9, la banalisation de certaines maladies, le m\u00e9pris des r\u00e8gles de d\u00e9livrances des m\u00e9dicaments [1]. L\u2019autom\u00e9dication est d\u00e9finie comme une prise des m\u00e9dicaments de la propre initiative du preneur sans prescription m\u00e9dicale et sans avis pr\u00e9alable d\u2019un professionnel de sant\u00e9. C\u2019est le traitement de certaines maladies par les patients gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des m\u00e9dicaments autoris\u00e9s, accessibles sans ordonnance, s\u00fbrs et efficaces, dans les conditions d\u2019utilisation indiqu\u00e9e. Elle d\u00e9signe l\u2019utilisation de m\u00e9dicaments par les individus pour traiter des maladies ou des sympt\u00f4mes identifi\u00e9s par eux-m\u00eames, sans consultation m\u00e9dicale pr\u00e9alable. Cette pratique concerne majoritairement les pathologies b\u00e9nignes et les m\u00e9dicaments en vente libre (over-the-counter, OTC) [2]. En contexte de surcharge des syst\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9, elle appara\u00eet comme une solution pour d\u00e9sengorger les structures sanitaires. Toutefois, les risques qui y sont associ\u00e9s en font un enjeu majeur de sant\u00e9 publique. Sur la population mondiale qui d\u00e9passe quatre milliards d\u2019habitants, il y a 80% des personnes qui ont recours aux m\u00e9decines traditionnelles pour satisfaire leurs besoins en soins de sant\u00e9 primaires, ce qui fait que l\u2019autom\u00e9dication soit un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne extr\u00eamement fr\u00e9quent et concerne 50 \u00e0 75% de la population. Aux Etats-Unis, l\u2019autom\u00e9dication est \u00e9galement une pratique courante. En France, 5 \u00e0 10% de m\u00e9dicaments vendus les sont sans ordonnance m\u00e9dicale. Le march\u00e9 fran\u00e7ais de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication pr\u00e9sente 3,7 milliards d\u2019euros en 2024, avec une croissance annuelle de 7,1%. Les pharmacies fran\u00e7aises enregistrent plus de 349 millions de passages au comptoir pour achats sans ordonnance. Le secteur pourrait lib\u00e9rer jusqu\u2019\u00e0 91 millions de consultations m\u00e9dicales par an [3]. En Afrique, environ 57% des m\u00e9nages, en pratiquent, tandis que 43% la fait selon leur perception de la maladie, selon une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e dans la commune suburbaine de Toamasina au Madagascar [3]. Au Mali, l\u2019ampleur de cette pratique est consid\u00e9rable. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un fait r\u00e9pandu et qui s\u2019observe dans toutes les couches de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Ainsi, une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e dans les officines \u00e0 Bamako a montr\u00e9 que 64,52% des clients se pr\u00e9sentaient sans ordonnance m\u00e9dicale lors des achats en 2003. Par ailleurs, une autre \u00e9tude \u00e0 Niono dans les familles a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que les femmes de 15 \u00e0 56 ans pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent se soigner par les plantes m\u00e9dicinales avant d\u2019aller au centre de sant\u00e9, tandis que, les hommes de la m\u00eame tranche d\u2019\u00e2ge pratiquaient l\u2019autom\u00e9dication avec les produits pharmaceutiques [4]. Une revue syst\u00e9matique men\u00e9e au Ghana a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 une pr\u00e9valence moyenne de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication de 53,7% avec un taux plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 chez les femmes enceintes avec 65,5% et dans les zones rurales avec 61,2%. Les principales raisons \u00e9voqu\u00e9es incluent les longs temps d\u2019attente dans les \u00e9tablissements de sant\u00e9 et la perception de la maladie comme b\u00e9nigne [5]. En Ouganda, une \u00e9tude a mis en \u00e9vidence une utilisation inappropri\u00e9e des antimicrobiens souvent li\u00e9e \u00e0 des facteurs tels que la longue distance avec les structures sanitaires, le co\u00fbt des soins et le manque de confiance, motiv\u00e9 par les traitements ant\u00e9rieurs [6]. En R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo, la r\u00e9glementation sur la vente et l\u2019utilisation des produits pharmaceutiques s\u2019av\u00e8re peu observ\u00e9e. Dans la capitale, l\u2019autom\u00e9dication est fr\u00e9quemment rapport\u00e9e avec 56,9% de malades avant la consultation aux urgences des Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa. Elle constitue un choix th\u00e9rapeutique souvent utilis\u00e9 de prime abord par des patients qui recourent secondairement \u00e0 une structure sanitaire lorsque persistent ou s\u2019aggravent les sympt\u00f4mes de maladie. Une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e par Basu en 2009 chez les jeunes de la rue \u00e0 Kinshasa, d\u00e9montre que 70% des jeunes de la rue \u00e0 Kinshasa recourent \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication en pr\u00e9sence des premiers cycles des IST au lieu d\u2019aller vers une structure sanitaire ce qui serait \u00e0 la base de r\u00e9sistance des microbes face aux antibiotiques en cours. Aussi, en 2015 une \u00e9tude confirme que la fr\u00e9quence du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication aux antibiotiques dans l\u2019aire de sant\u00e9 Maziba est de 52,7%, les antibiotiques les plus utilis\u00e9s sont l\u2019amoxicilline et l\u2019ampicilline, la pr\u00e9sence des c\u00e9phal\u00e9es et des affections urog\u00e9nitales font partie des facteurs qui sont associ\u00e9s au recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication aux antibiotiques [7]. A Goma, dans une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e sur 1000 m\u00e9nages, a montr\u00e9 que 51% des patients avaient recouru \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication ou \u00e0 l\u2019achat de m\u00e9dicaments \u00e0 la pharmacie sans ordonnance m\u00e9dicale, lors d\u2019un \u00e9pisode maladie [8]. Sur une enqu\u00eate des d\u00e9penses de la sant\u00e9 des m\u00e9nages \u00e0 Goma, le premier recours aux soins \u00e9tait l\u2019achat de m\u00e9dicaments en pharmacie ou l\u2019autom\u00e9dication avec 50,7% des cas en raison de co\u00fbts \u00e9lev\u00e9s des soins formels [9]. La zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, regorge d\u2019infrastructures sanitaires \u00e9tatiques, para\u00e9tatiques et priv\u00e9es. La population de cette entit\u00e9 sanitaire, recoure en premier lieu \u00e0 l\u2019achat de m\u00e9dicaments \u00e0 la pharmacie, sans ordonnance m\u00e9dicale, ni avis d\u2019un prestataire de sant\u00e9. Cela r\u00e9sulte de la vente libre de m\u00e9dicaments, de la d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de conditions socio\u00e9conomiques, du niveau de connaissance \u00e9lev\u00e9 de membres de famille, et de l\u2019usage de l\u2019internet. Cette pratique semble \u00e0 une m\u0153urs dans la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, de traiter des sympt\u00f4mes mineurs et majeurs ignor\u00e9s, pour minimiser les co\u00fbts li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019hospitalisation avec tous les risques et complications de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication [10].<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Mat\u00e9riel et M\u00e9thodes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il s\u2019agit d\u2019une \u00e9tude transversale analytique, men\u00e9e dans la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi, province du Nord Kivu, DR Congo, portant sur les\u00a0d\u00e9terminants du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication, ciblant 100014 des m\u00e9nages qui forment les 20 aires de sant\u00e9 que compte cette entit\u00e9 sanitaire. Un questionnaire d\u2019enqu\u00eate a \u00e9t\u00e9 administr\u00e9 aux m\u00e9nages cible, facilit\u00e9 par une interview libre. Un \u00e9chantillonnage non probabiliste \u00e0 plusieurs degr\u00e9s a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9, dont le 1<sup>er<\/sup> degr\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 des aires de sant\u00e9, le 2<sup>e<\/sup> degr\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 des avenues et le 3<sup>e<\/sup> degr\u00e9 des chefs de m\u00e9nages. Les 14 aires concern\u00e9es par l\u2019enqu\u00eate, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es al\u00e9atoirement \u00e0 l\u2019aide du logiciel ENAFOR SMAT. La taille de l\u2019\u00e9chantillon a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9termin\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019aide de la formule du statisticien <strong>Fisher\u00a0: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>n\u00a0: Taille de l\u2019\u00e9chantillon<\/li>\n<li>P\u00a0: Pr\u00e9valence qui est 50 %, soit 0,5<\/li>\n<li>Q=1-P = proportion de la population qui ne porte pas la caract\u00e9ristique de la recherche (1-P=0,5)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li><sup>\u00a0<\/sup>: Valeur de la variation standard ou degr\u00e9 de confiance estim\u00e9 \u00e0 96 %, ce qui nous donne 2,06.<\/li>\n<li>e\u00a0: Marge d\u2019erreur de 4 %<\/li>\n<li>= = 663 m\u00e9nages enqu\u00eat\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>R\u00e9sultats <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15348-_Toc207708421\"><\/a><strong>Tableau n\u00b0 I. Caract\u00e9ristiques sociod\u00e9mographiques <\/strong><\/p>\n<table dir=\"ltr\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Facteurs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Modalit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Effectifs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Pourcentage<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Sexe<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>F\u00e9minin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>238<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>35,9%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Masculin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>425<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>64,1%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Total<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100,0%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>\u00c2ge<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>18 &#8211; 49 ans<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>456<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>68,8%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>50 ans et Plus<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>126<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>19,0%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Moins de 18 ans<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>81<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12,2%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Total<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100,0%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>Taille de m\u00e9nage<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1 \u00e0 3 personnes<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>216<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32,6%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>4 \u00e0 7 personnes<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>265<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40,0%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>8 personnes et Plus<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>182<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>27,5%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Total<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100,0%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p>Statut matrimonial<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C\u00e9libataire<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>293<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>44,2%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Divorc\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5,1%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Mari\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>302<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>45,6%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Veuf\/veuve<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5,1%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Total<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100,0%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p>Niveau d\u2019instruction<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Primaire<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5,1%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Sans niveau<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11,9%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Secondaire<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>206<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>31,1%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Universitaire\/institut sup\u00e9rieur<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>344<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>51,9%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Total<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>100,0%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le sexe masculin est en pr\u00e9dominance \u00e0 64,1 %, des enqu\u00eat\u00e9s (chefs de m\u00e9nages et preneurs de d\u00e9cision d\u2019achat de m\u00e9dicaments ou orientation pour les soins de sant\u00e9. L\u2019\u00e2ge majoritaire est celui de 18 \u00e0 49 ans, soit 68,8 %, La taille de m\u00e9nage la plus fr\u00e9quente est de 4 \u00e0 7 personnes, soit 40,0 %, les mari\u00e9es dominent avec 45,6 %, Le niveau d\u2019instruction majoritaire est universitaire ou d\u2019institut sup\u00e9rieur soit 51,9 %.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15348-_Toc212524585\"><\/a><strong> Tableau n\u00b0 II. D\u00e9terminants socio\u00e9conomiques <\/strong><\/p>\n<table dir=\"ltr\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Facteurs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Modalit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Autom\u00e9dication<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>OR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>IC \u00e0 95%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>P Valeur<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Oui(n=549)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Non(n=114)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p><a id=\"post-15348-_Hlk207458084\"><\/a> Revenu de la population<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Moins de 50$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>217(39,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20(17,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,945<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,458<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.700<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Entre 50 et 100$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>151(27,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>44(38,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,275<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,394<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,895<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,947<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Entre 100 et 200$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>80(14,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>23(20,2%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Plus de 200$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>101(18,4%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>27(23,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,427<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,152<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,149<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,719<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Co\u00fbt de consultation<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Oui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>417(76,0%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>75(65,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,643<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,065<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,534<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,024<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Non<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>132(24,0%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>39(34,2%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Prix des m\u00e9dicaments<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Oui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>408(74,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>71(62,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,752<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,146<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,679<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,009<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Non<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>141(25,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>43(37,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>Transport vers les structures de sant\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Pieds<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>286(52,1%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50(43,9%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,460<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,230<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,771<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Moto<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>216(39,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>36(31,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>V\u00e9hicule<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>47(8,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>28(24,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,178<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,388<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,971<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,602<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Couverture sanitaire universelle<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Oui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>150(27,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>24(21,1%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Non<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>399(72,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>90(78,9%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.410<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,866<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,296<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,006<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">La majorit\u00e9 des m\u00e9nages qui pratiquent l\u2019autom\u00e9dication disposent d\u2019un revenu mensuel inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 50 USD, soit 39,5 % contre 17,5 % chez les non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs, avec un OR = 0,945 [0,458 \u2013 4,700], P valeur = 0,001. Bien que l\u2019OR soit proche de 1, la significativit\u00e9 statistique et la forte proportion sugg\u00e8rent que la faiblesse du revenu constitue un facteur de recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication,<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le co\u00fbt li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consultation est per\u00e7u comme un obstacle par 76,0 % des auto m\u00e9dicateurs contre 65,8 % des non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs (OR = 1,643 [1,065 \u2013 2,534], P valeur = 0,024). Ce r\u00e9sultat statistiquement significatif montre que la perception d\u2019un co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 influence directement la d\u00e9cision de s\u2019auto-traiter, le prix des m\u00e9dicaments est jug\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9 par 74,3 % des auto m\u00e9dicateurs contre 62,3 % des non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs (OR = 1,752 [1,146 \u2013 2,679], P valeur = 0,009). En termes de moyens de transport, la majorit\u00e9 des autos m\u00e9dicateurs se d\u00e9placent \u00e0 pied, soit 52,1 % contre 43,9 %), avec un OR = 3,460 [0,230 \u2013 3,771], P valeur = 0,001, l\u2019absence de couverture sanitaire universelle est observ\u00e9e chez 72,7 % des auto m\u00e9dicateurs contre 78,9 % des non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs (OR = 1,410 [0,866 \u2013 2,296], P valeur = 0,166), mais sans diff\u00e9rence statistiquement significative. Cela montre que, dans ce contexte, le manque d\u2019assurance maladie n\u2019est pas le seul moteur de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication, et que d\u2019autres facteurs comme les habitudes culturelles et l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 g\u00e9ographique jouent un r\u00f4le important.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Tableau n\u00b0 III. D\u00e9terminants culturels<\/strong><\/p>\n<table dir=\"ltr\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Facteurs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Modalit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Autom\u00e9dication<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>OR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>IC \u00e0 95%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>P Valeur<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Oui(n=549)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Non(n=114)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p>Us et coutumes<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Moi-m\u00eame<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>305(55,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>82(71,9%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,858<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,772<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6,322<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Parent<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>180(32,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12(10,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,514<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,446<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,341<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,792<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Voisin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32(5,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8(7,0%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Coll\u00e8gue de service<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32(5,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12(10,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,213<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,129<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,793<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,902<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Connaissance inconv\u00e9nients<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Oui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>380(69,2%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>95(83,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.450<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,266<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.760<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Non<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>169(30,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>19(16,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"6\">\n<p>Source d\u2019information<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>En famille<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>234(42,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>34(29,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,214<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,122<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5,657<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Coll\u00e8gue de service<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>51(9,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>28(24,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>M\u00e9dias<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>20(3,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0(0,0%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,458<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,496<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,742<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,798<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Relais communautaires<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>43(7,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4(3,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,792<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,146<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,871<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,703<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Personnel soignant<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>193(35,2%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>36(31,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,316<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,352<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,452<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,915<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Voisin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8(1,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12(10,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,395<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,402<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,907<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p>Religion<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Catholique<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>162(29,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40(35,1%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,499<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,388<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,458<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Eglise de r\u00e9veil<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>109(19,9%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12(10,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Musulmane<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40(7,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>12(10,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,128<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,094<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,800<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,713<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Protestante<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>238(43,4%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50(43,9%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,302<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,039<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6,122<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,081<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00ab Moi-m\u00eame \u00bb est la modalit\u00e9 majoritaire pour les us et coutumes, soit 55,6 % chez les pratiquants d\u2019autom\u00e9dication contre 71,9 %, chez les non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs, avec un OR = 3,858 [0,772 \u2013 6,322], P valeur = 0,001, la majorit\u00e9, sont inform\u00e9s d\u2019inconv\u00e9nients de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication, soit 69,2 % contre 83,3 % chez les non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs, avec un OR = 0,450 [0,266 \u2013 0,760], P valeur = 0,002, de la source d\u2019information, l\u2019influence familiale pr\u00e9domine, soit 42,6 % contre 29,8 %, avec un OR = 2,214 [0,122 \u2013 5,657], P valeur = 0,001, la religion, la confession protestante est l\u00e9g\u00e8rement majoritaire, soit 43,4 % contre 43,9 % chez les non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs, avec un OR = 2,302 [0,039 \u2013 6,122], P valeur = 0,081.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-15348-_Toc212524587\"><\/a><strong>Tableau n\u00b0 IV. Politique et syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<table dir=\"ltr\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Facteurs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Modalit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Autom\u00e9dication<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>OR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>IC \u00e0 95%<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>P Valeur<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Oui(n=549)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Non(n=114)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Accueil\/ file d\u2019attente<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Oui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>410(74,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>71(62,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,786<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,168<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,732<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,007<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Non<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>139(25,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>43(37,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Confiance envers les structures sanitaires et sur le personnel de sant\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Oui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>201(36,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>64(56,1%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,265<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,163<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3,741<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,908<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Non<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>348(63,4%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>50(43,9%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,451<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,679<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,001<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"4\">\n<p>Vente libre des m\u00e9dicaments<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Sans ordonnance<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>212(38,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32(28,1%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,493<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,992<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,247<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,054<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>En dehors sur ordonnance de l&#8217;h\u00f4pital<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>96(17,5%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>28(24,6%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,854<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,262<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,581<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,835<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Avec une ordonnance<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>32(5,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8(7,0%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,362<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,416<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,979<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,687<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A l&#8217;h\u00f4pital<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>209(38,1%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>46(40,4%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,169<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,854<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,126<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Communication entre soignant et soign\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Oui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>356(64,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>63(55,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Non<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>193(35,2%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>51(44,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Disponibilit\u00e9 des m\u00e9dicaments et \u00e9quipements (consommable et non consommable) dans les structures sanitaires<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>En dehors de l\u2019h\u00f4pital sur ordonnance de l\u2019h\u00f4pital<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>485(88,3%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>99(86,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,148<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2,097<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,653<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>A l\u2019h\u00f4pital<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>64(11,7%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>15(13,2%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Distance avec la structure<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Moins de 1 Km de la structure<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>380(69,2%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>75(65,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,855<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,558<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1,311<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0,473<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Plus d&#8217;un Km de la structure<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>169(30,8%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>39(34,2%)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019accueil et la gestion de la file d\u2019attente, est un facteur important soit 74,7 % des auto m\u00e9dicateurs jugent cet aspect probl\u00e9matique contre 62,3 % des non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs (OR = 1,786 [1,168 \u2013 2,732], P valeur = 0,007), la confiance envers les structures sanitaires et le personnel de sant\u00e9 est faible chez les auto m\u00e9dicateurs soit 36,6 % contre 56,1 %), avec un OR = 0,451 [0,300 \u2013 0,679], P valeur = 0,001, la vente libre de m\u00e9dicaments sans ordonnance est la modalit\u00e9 majoritaire, soit 38,6 % contre 28,1 %, servant de point d\u2019acc\u00e8s direct aux m\u00e9dicaments, la communication entre soignant et soign\u00e9 est jug\u00e9e satisfaisante par 64,8 % des auto m\u00e9dicateurs contre 55,3 % des non-auto m\u00e9dicateurs (OR = 1,493 [0,992 \u2013 2,247], P valeur = 0,054), la disponibilit\u00e9 des m\u00e9dicaments et \u00e9quipements en dehors de l\u2019h\u00f4pital sur ordonnance est rapport\u00e9e par 88,3 % des auto m\u00e9dicateurs contre 86,8 % (OR = 1,148 [0,629 \u2013 2,097], P valeur = 0,653), sans diff\u00e9rence significative, la distance avec la structure de sant\u00e9 (&lt; 1 km) concerne 69,2 % des auto m\u00e9dicateurs contre 65,8 % (OR = 0,855 [0,558 \u2013 1,311], P valeur = 0,473). <a id=\"post-15348-_Toc212524591\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Discussion <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019autom\u00e9dication a \u00e9t\u00e9 largement pratiqu\u00e9e par la population avec 82,8 %. Le revenu inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 50 USD (OR = 3,579 ; IC95% [0,314\u20135,265] ; P valeur = 0,027), l\u2019initiative personnelle de se soigner soi-m\u00eame (OR = 2,329 ; IC95% [0,632\u20134,354] ; P valeur = 0,018), et la disponibilit\u00e9 des m\u00e9dicaments sans ordonnance (OR = 2,847 ; IC95% [0,046\u20134,591] ; P valeur = 0,031). Ces facteurs traduisent l\u2019effet combin\u00e9 de la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique, des normes socioculturelles et de la faiblesse du syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9gulation pharmaceutique. Ces r\u00e9sultats sont similaires \u00e0 ceux de ROY [48]. Nos enqu\u00eat\u00e9s m\u00e9nages ont \u00e9t\u00e9 en pr\u00e9dominance masculine soit 64,1% par contre Norbert avait trouv\u00e9 une pr\u00e9dominance f\u00e9minine \u00e0 son enqu\u00eate m\u00e9nages soit 63,9 % [41]. La taille de m\u00e9nage la plus fr\u00e9quente \u00e9tait de 4 \u00e0 7 personnes soit 40,0 %, ce qui implique un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de maladies li\u00e9 \u00e0 la promiscuit\u00e9 au sein du foyer. Un r\u00e9sultat similaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9 par ISIAKA [6]. Le statut matrimonial dominant est celui des mari\u00e9s soit 45,6 %. Cette observation est diff\u00e9rente aux r\u00e9sultats obtenus dans une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, o\u00f9 la majorit\u00e9 des pratiquants de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication \u00e9taient mari\u00e9s (57 %) [44], et aussi celle de SHEMA NORBERT qui rel\u00e8ve un pourcentage beaucoup plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 (74% mari\u00e9s) [41]. L\u2019autom\u00e9dication a \u00e9t\u00e9 pratiqu\u00e9e par 52% de nos enqu\u00eat\u00e9s. Par contre, NZARUBARA R. A, avait trouv\u00e9 75% dans l\u2019aire de sant\u00e9 de Kyeshero. [43]. Le faible revenu mensuel avait favoris\u00e9 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication \u00e0 40%, bien que l\u2019Odds Ratio (OR = 0,945 [0,458 \u2013 4,700]) soit proche de 1, la valeur p significative (p = 0,001) et la forte proportion observ\u00e9e indiquent que le faible revenu favorise l\u2019autom\u00e9dication. Ce r\u00e9sultat est proche de celui document\u00e9 au Kenya de 55 % des personnes \u00e0 revenu faible [45]. Le co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 des consultations m\u00e9dicales avait conduit 76,0 % des enqu\u00eat\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication contre 20 % trouv\u00e9s au Burkina Faso [46]. Le co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 des m\u00e9dicaments \u00e9tait le motif de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication \u00e0 74,3 %, les croyances religieuses apparaissent dans 69,2 %, d\u2019autom\u00e9dication qui rejoint le r\u00e9sultat de Zago\u017cd\u017con et Erhabor [49,50], l\u2019influence familiale avait jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication \u00e0 42,6 % appuyant le r\u00e9sultat de Mubwiti et al, qui avaient trouv\u00e9 60% \u00e0 Kinshasa [3]. Le mauvais accueil et une longue file d\u2019attente \u00e9taient cit\u00e9s par 74,7 % d\u2019enqu\u00eat\u00e9s contre 60% trouv\u00e9s par Mubwiti et al [3], la faible confiance envers les structures sanitaires et le personnel de sant\u00e9 repr\u00e9sentait 36,6 %, la vente libre de m\u00e9dicaments \u00e0 38,6 %, ces r\u00e9sultats sont similaires avec ceux de AHMED [57].<a id=\"post-15348-_Toc212524595\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les r\u00e9sultats r\u00e9v\u00e8lent une pr\u00e9valence \u00e9lev\u00e9e de l\u2019autom\u00e9dication confirmant son encrage comme pratique courante dans la zone de sant\u00e9 de Karisimbi. L\u2019autom\u00e9dication est pratiqu\u00e9e par 83% de la population. Sur le plan socio-\u00e9conomique, le revenu inf\u00e9rieur de revenu est apparu comme un facteur significatif augmentant la probabilit\u00e9 du recours \u00e0 l\u2019autom\u00e9dication traduisant l\u2019effet de la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 sur l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux soins formels. Au niveau socioculturel, la d\u00e9cision individuelle de se soigner soi-m\u00eame, constitue un d\u00e9terminant majeur, refl\u00e9tant des normes locales qui valorisent l\u2019autonomie dans la gestion des m\u00e9dicaments. La vente libre des m\u00e9dicaments sans ordonnance constitue un facteur d\u00e9terminant r\u00e9v\u00e9lant une faiblesse de la r\u00e9gulation pharmaceutique ou du syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9. L\u2019autom\u00e9dication ne r\u00e9sulte pas uniquement d\u2019un choix individuel, mais s\u2019inscrit dans un contexte plus large et appelle ainsi \u00e0 une r\u00e9ponse multisectorielle, fruit d\u2019in\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques, de pratiques culturelles et de d\u00e9faillances institutionnelles. Une r\u00e9ponse int\u00e9gr\u00e9e est n\u00e9cessaire pour r\u00e9duire les risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 cette pratique, tout en am\u00e9liorant l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des soins efficaces et financi\u00e8rement accessibles, la r\u00e9gulation rigoureuse de la dispensation des m\u00e9dicaments, la promotion d\u2019une \u00e9ducation sanitaire communautaire et l\u2019implication des leaders locaux, pour encourager le recours aux services formels.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">World Health Organization (WHO). <em>Self-medication and public health<\/em>. 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Self-medication practices in Indonesia. <em>Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences<\/em>. 2021.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction\u00a0 Dans le contexte mondial, on estime qu&#8217;au moins 400 millions de personnes n&#8217;ont pas acc\u00e8s aux services de sant\u00e9 essentiels, et qu&#8217;il manquera 18 millions d&#8217;agents de sant\u00e9 d&#8217;ici [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15348","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15348","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15348"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15351,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15348\/revisions\/15351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}