{"id":14946,"date":"2025-10-31T11:46:12","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T11:46:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=14946"},"modified":"2025-10-31T11:46:14","modified_gmt":"2025-10-31T11:46:14","slug":"6-11-25","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/6-11-25\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0623. \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0629<sup>1<\/sup>\u061b \u0648 \u062f. \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0629<sup>2<\/sup>\u061b \u0648 \u0623.\u062f. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629<sup>3<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p><sup>3<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Parents&#039; attitudes and their knowledge of the use of Ritalin, and the social effect on the child, and its side effects as a treatment for ADHD<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Shireen Masarwa<sup>1<\/sup>, Dr. Hiyam Sandouqa<sup>2<\/sup>, Prof. Khaled Abu Asbah<sup>3<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Technology Center, Beit Beryl, Palestine.<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>2<\/sup> Directorate of Education, Jerusalem Governorate, Palestine.<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>3<\/sup> Arab American University, Palestine<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj611\/25' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj611\/25<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/611\/25' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/611\/25<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (11). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 428 - 448<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-10-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-10-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-11-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue11\/6-11-25.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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(2025). Parents&#039; attitudes and their knowledge of the use of Ritalin, and the social effect on the child, and its side effects as a treatment for ADHD. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(11). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Masarwa Shireen; Sandouqa Hiyam; Abu Asbah Khaled. 2025. \\&quot;Parents&#039; attitudes and their knowledge of the use of Ritalin, and the social effect on the child, and its side effects as a treatment for ADHD.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 11. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Masarwa S, Sandouqa H, Abu Asbah K. 2025. Parents&#039; attitudes and their knowledge of the use of Ritalin, and the social effect on the child, and its side effects as a treatment for ADHD. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-11-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 6(11). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-11-25\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Masarwa S, Sandouqa H, Abu Asbah K. Parents&#039; attitudes and their knowledge of the use of Ritalin, and the social effect on the child, and its side effects as a treatment for ADHD. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-11-01; 6(11). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Masarwa S, Sandouqa H, Abu Asbah K, \\&quot;Parents&#039; attitudes and their knowledge of the use of Ritalin, and the social effect on the child, and its side effects as a treatment for ADHD,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 11, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Masarwa Shireen; Sandouqa Hiyam; Abu Asbah Khaled. \\&quot;Parents&#039; attitudes and their knowledge of the use of Ritalin, and the social effect on the child, and its side effects as a treatment for ADHD.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 11, 2025-11-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u061b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0640\u061b  \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u062e. (2025). \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(11). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0645\u061b  \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f. 2025. \u00ab\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(11). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u061b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0640\u061b  \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u062e. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2025-11-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-24]. 6(11). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-11-25\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u061b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0640\u061b  \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u062e. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2025-11-01\u061b 6(11). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u061b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0640\u061b  \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u062e. \u00ab\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 11\u060c 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0645\u061b  \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f. \u00ab\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 11\u060c 2025-11-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj611\\\/25&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 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\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> The aim of this paper is to test parents' attitudes on using Ritalin to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, most commonly known as ADHD on their children. The paper also examines the socio-economic, gender and age factors among parents that lead to different stands on using Ritalin for their children. \r\nThe quantitative method was used in this research. A proper tool that matches the study's targets. Data was collected from 200 parents of children diagnosed with ADHD from the first till the third grade. The schools were randomly selected and the school counselors provided a list of pupils diagnosed with ADHD that we chose according to their age.After the data was collected; it was statistically analyzed using the research's question, main and sub hypotheses.\r\nThe results showed that: Parents standpoints were average on the use of Ritalin in all parameters and general stance. Socio-economic and age factors showed no apparent differences with statistical significance. The parents' gender played a factor on prescribing Ritalin to their children as statistics showed that the male parent (AKA the father) inclined towards using Ritalin more than the mother. \r\nIt can be deduced from the research results that parents' attitudes concerning Ritalin use are not positive but tend to be more reluctant and disapproving. Furthermore, despite the fact that ADHD is a major concern for parents with children suffering from the disorder; Ritalin use is not agreeable or likeable solution. This can be contributed due to parents' insufficient information on Ritalin, the proper use and dose for their children and not following up the treatment with a doctor. \r\nA future study is recommended to answer this research question: Are there any differences towards the use of Ritalin for children with ADHD between parents who have taken parental workshops and doctor's follow-up and between parents who have not participated in parental workshops.\r\n<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Ritalin, social impact, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 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\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064c\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 &#8220;Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders&#8221; \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 ADHD.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0649( Morton &amp; Stockton, 2000).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c 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\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 (Partridge &amp; Hall, 2013).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 ADHD \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f 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\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 (C14H19NO2) \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0648\u0651\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 (\u0623\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646SR \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 LA ) \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 C)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 (Hammerness, Fried, Petty, 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627 (\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05df, 2004; \u05dc\u05d5\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1,2007). \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0626 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643(Babcock &amp; Byrne, 2000;&amp; Beyer et al,2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0651\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0629 (Silveira, et al., 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 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\u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a(\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05d1\u05e6&#8217;\u05d9\u05e7, \u05e1\u05d1\u05e8, \u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05e6\u05de\u05df, 2011).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a (MRI) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a ADHD (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a) \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 (\u05d2\u05d0\u05d1\u05e8, \u05e8\u05d9\u05d2\u05dc\u05e8, \u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d3, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0651\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u062a ADHD \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 ADHD \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (FDA) \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a CBT) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f (\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05d1\u05e6&#8217;\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d5\u05e2\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5, 2011)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc517887097\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749176\"><\/a><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0626 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 (Otram, 2010).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 Hallahn &amp; Kauffman (2006) \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 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\u0648\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Silveira et al., 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 (Morton &amp; Stockton, 2000). \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 (Silveira et al., 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a (APA) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643(Chu, 2003) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 (National Institute of Mental Health, 2014) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Dills,2003) \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a. \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (\u05e2\u05de\u05d5\u05ea\u05ea \u05de\u05d2\u05df \u05dc\u05d6\u05db\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 (Silveira et al, 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0643\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 (Silveira et al., 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (Reimers et al, 1992)\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0645 (Gorman,et al, 2006) \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 (\u05d8\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05df, 2009)\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u05d8\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05df, 2009) \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u05d8\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05df, 2009) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0643-\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062f (2007, Mc Quaid) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646) \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749178\"><\/a><strong> \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 2-3\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 5-10\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0633\u0646 18 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644(\u05d2\u05d0\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d5\u05e2\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0628\u062d \u063a\u0636\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 (\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05df, 2004).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0646\u064f\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u05d2\u05d0\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d5\u05e2\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05dd, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0646 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justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 (\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05e2\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05dd, 2012).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Jensen,2001) \u0623\u0646 40-60% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628. (Massetti et al, 2008; Hart et al, 2010)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0648\u064a ADHD\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d (\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05df, 2004).<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc517887100\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749179\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 ( \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1) \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a 107 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 93)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 ( 31- 35)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 50 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062c\u064a\u062f (\u062c\u064a\u062f 117\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 61\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 22)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 ADHD (\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 129 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b 71).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1: \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 n=200<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>93<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>107<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"6\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25-30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>31-35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>36-40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>41-45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>46-50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"5\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>117<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>129<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>71<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749186\"><\/a> \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a: (\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: <\/strong> \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 (31) \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 : 1. \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u060c 2. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c 3. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 6 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633: &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 1 \u0627\u0644\u0649 5\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 &#8220;1&#8221; \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;5&#8221; \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749187\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 &#8220;\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 (=0.89\u03b1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 &#8220;\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221; (=0.91\u03b1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221; (=0.47\u03b1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 5 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f (=0.54\u03b1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644&#8221; (=0.82\u03b1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221; (=0.78\u03b1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c&#8221; (=0.72\u03b1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221; (=0.56\u03b1) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638855\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749188\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u03b1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1-4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.915<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5-9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>*0.478<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>10-14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.828<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>15-18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.784<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>19-26<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.724<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>27-31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.566<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1-31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.898<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">* \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 5 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e 0.541.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637(0.947)\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749191\"><\/a>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (SPSS) \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One Way Anova) \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 t-test \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749192\"><\/a> \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (3) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1)\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.17 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064a 1.27\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.38 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.58\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.01 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.91\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.23 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.92\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 2.67 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.63\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 2.80 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.65\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.002 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.62.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638860\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749193\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 3: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.38<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.01<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.91<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.92<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.67<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2.80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638861\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749194\"><\/a><strong>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 1: \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"542\" class=\"wp-image-14956\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-1.png 752w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-1-300x216.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-1-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One Way Anova)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a (F= 1.28, P&gt;0.05).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638862\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749195\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>F<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>1.28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>166.30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>0.85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>170.70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One Way Anova)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (5). \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 (F= 1.25, P&gt;0.05).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638863\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749196\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 5: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>F<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5.33<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.06<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>1.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>165.37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>0.85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>170.70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (6)\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 (t=0.19, P&lt;0.01) \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.44 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.80) \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.05 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.98).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638864\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749197\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 6: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 t \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u0647\u0645<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 (N=93)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a (N=107)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.05<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.98<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>**3.02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">**P=0.01<a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638865\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749198\"><\/a><strong>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 2: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"452\" class=\"wp-image-14957\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-2.png 752w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-2-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-2-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One Way Anova)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (7). \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a (F=0.19, P&gt;0.05).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638866\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749199\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 7: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>F<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.33<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">\n<p>0.19<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>170.37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>0.86<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>170.70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (8)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 (r=0.67, p&lt;0.001).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638867\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749200\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 8: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 n=200<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>(1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>(2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>(1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>(2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>***0.67<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">*** p&lt;0.001<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (9). \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 (r=0.13, p&gt;0.05).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638868\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749201\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 9: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 n=200<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>(1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>(2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>(1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>(2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 (\u0648\u0644\u062f- \u0628\u0646\u062a) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (10). \u062a\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.17 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.98) \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.34 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 0.79) \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b (t=-1.20, P&gt;0.05).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638869\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749202\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 10: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 t \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 (N=129)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b (N=71)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.98<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.20-<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638870\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749203\"><\/a><strong>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 3: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"452\" class=\"wp-image-14958\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-3.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-3.png 752w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-3-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/word-image-14946-3-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 30 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (11)\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 3.36 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 1.28).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638871\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749204\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 11: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u062f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.28<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (13). \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 (r=0.14, p&lt;0.05).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc528638874\"><\/a><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749207\"><\/a><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 13: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 n=200<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644<\/p>\n<p>(1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p>(2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>(1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>(2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>*0.14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>&#8211;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">* p&lt;0.05<a id=\"post-14946-_Toc529749208\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 &#8220;<\/strong> <strong>\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u062d\u0636\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a (Hammerness et al.,2014)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642 (\u05d6\u05dc\u05e6\u05de\u05df, 2008)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0631 (2000\u060cLerner).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Silveira et al., 2014)\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (Morton &amp; Stockton, 2000).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (Reimers et al, 1992)\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0645 (Gorman et at, 2006) \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 (\u05d8\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05df, 2009)\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u05d8\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05df, 2009) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u05d8\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05df, 2009) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 (Silveira et al., 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c (2007, Mc Quaid) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646) \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u05d8\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05df, 2009) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u062d\u0636 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0628\u062d \u063a\u0636\u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 (\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05df, 2004).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-14946-_Toc517887111\"><\/a>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633. (2009). <em>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0631<\/em>. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642. (2000). <em>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/em>. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0646. (2007). <em>\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/em>. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062c. (2009). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c)<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u062f.\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0633. (2002) <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/em>. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0634. (2015). <em>\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0634. (1986). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647<\/em>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645. (2018). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Babcock, Q., &amp; Byrne, T. (2000). Student perceptions of methylphenidate abuse at a public liberal arts college. <em>Journal of American college health<\/em>, <em>49<\/em>(3), 143-145.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bell, S., Partridge, B., Lucke, J., &amp; Hall, W. (2013). Australian university students\u2019 attitudes towards the acceptability and regulation of pharmaceuticals to improve academic performance. <em>Neuroethics<\/em>, <em>6<\/em>(1), 197-205.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Beyer, C., Staunton, C., &amp; Moodley, K. (2014). The implications of Methylphenidate use by healthy medical students and doctors in South Africa. <em>BMC medical ethics<\/em>, <em>15<\/em>(1), 20.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cohen, Y. G., Segev, R. W., Shlafman, N., Novack, V., &amp; Ifergane, G. (2015). Methylphenidate use among medical students at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. <em>Journal of neurosciences in rural practice<\/em>, <em>6<\/em>(3), 320.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dills, R. (2003). Diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. <em>Pharmacy Times<\/em>, 69(9), 66.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gorman, E. B., Klorman, R., Thatcher, J. E., Borgstedt, A. D. (2006). Effects of Methylphenidate on Subtypes of Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder. <em>Journal of the American Academy of Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry<\/em> (45), 808-816.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Habibzadeh, A., Alizadeh, M., Malek, A., Maghbooli, L., Shoja, M. M., &amp; Ghabili, K. (2011). Illicit methylphenidate use among Iranian medical students: prevalence and knowledge. <em>Drug design, development and therapy<\/em> (5), 71.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hallahn, D. P., &amp; Kauffman, J. M. (2006). <em>Exceptional learners: An introduction to special education<\/em> (10th ed.). Boston: Allyn &amp; Bacon.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hammerness, P., Fried, R., Petty, C. (2014). Assessment of Cognitive domains during treatment with OROS methylphenidate in adolescents with ADHD. <em>Child Neuropsychology, <\/em>20(3), 310-327.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Hart, S., Perril, S., Willcutt, E., Thompson, L., Schatschneider, C, Deater-Deckard, K., &amp; Cutting, L. (2010). Exploring how symptoms of attention deficit\/ hyperactivity disorder are related to reading and mathematics performance: General genes, general environments. <em>Psychological Science<\/em> (21), 1708-1715. Frome: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/attentiondeficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd\/index.shtml\">http:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/attentiondeficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd\/index.shtml<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Jensen, P., Hinshaw, S., Kraemer, H., Lenora, N., Newcorn, J., Abikoff, H., Vitiello, B. (2001). ADHD Comorbidity findings from the MTA Study: Comparing comorbid subgroups. <em>Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry<\/em>, 40(2), 147-158.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Lane, J., Finlay, F., &amp; Marcer, H. (2015). G505 (P) Medical students buying methylphenidate online.\u200f <em>BMJ Journals. <\/em>24\/5\/2018 From: <a href=\"https:\/\/adc.bmj.com\/content\/100\/Suppl_3\/A217.1\">https:\/\/adc.bmj.com\/content\/100\/Suppl_3\/A217.1<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Maier, L. J., Liakoni, E., Schildmann, J., Schaub, M. P., &amp; Liechti, M. E. (2015). Swiss university students\u2019 attitudes toward pharmacological cognitive enhancement. <em>PloS one<\/em>, 10(12), e0144402.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Massetti, G., Lahey, B., Pelham, W, Loney, J., Ehrhardt, A., Lee, S., &amp; Kipp, H. (2008). Academic achievement over 8 years among children who met modified criteria for attention-deficit\/ hyperactivity disorder at 4-6 years of age. <em>Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology<\/em> (36), 399-410.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Mc Quaid, E. (2007). Guiding patients and families toward treatment compliance. <em>The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter<\/em> (23), 1-6.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Morton, W. A., &amp; Stockton, G. G. (2000). Methylphenidate abuse and psychiatric side effects. <em>Primary care companion to the Journal of clinical psychiatry<\/em>, <em>2<\/em>(5), 159.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">National Institute of Mental Health. (2014).What is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD,ADD). 24\/5\/2018 From: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/add-adhd\/guide\/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd#1\">https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/add-adhd\/guide\/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd#1<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Outram, S. M. (2010). The use of methylphenidate among students: the future of enhancement?. <em>Journal of medical ethics<\/em>, <em>36<\/em>(4), 198-202.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Parkes, Aisling, Shore, Conor , O\u2019Mahony Caroline and Kenneth ,Burns (2015) &#8216;The right of the child to be heard? Professional experiences of child care proceedings in the Irish District Court&#8217;.\u00a0<em>Child and Family Law Quarterly<\/em>, 27 (4):423-444<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Reimers, T.M., Wacker, D.P., Cooper, L.J., De Raad, A.O. (1992). Acceptability of behavioral treatments for children: analog and naturalistic evaluations by parents. <em>School Psychology Review<\/em> (21), 628-643.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Silveira, R. D. R., Lejderman, B., Ferreira, P. E. M. S., &amp; Rocha, G. M. P. D. (2014). Patterns of non-medical use of methylphenidate among 5th and 6th year students in a medical school in southern Brazil. <em>Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy<\/em>, <em>36<\/em>(2), 101-106.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Tarnowski, K. J., &amp; Simonian, S. J. (1992). Assessing treatment acceptance: The abbreviated acceptability rating profile. <em>Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry<\/em>, <em>23<\/em>(2), 101-106.\u200f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Zentall, S. (2005). Theory \u2013 and evidence \u2013 based strategies for children with attention problems. Psychology in the schools, 42(8), 821-836.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u05d0\u05dc\u05e7\u05e9\u05d0\u05e2\u05dc\u05d4, \u05d1. (2007). &#8220;\u05d4\u05e7\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05e1\u05d2\u05e0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e9\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05da \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d7\u05ea\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d4\u05e2\u05e8\u05db\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d9\u05ea \u05d0\u05e6\u05dc \u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05db\u05dc\u05dc \u05d5\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e6\u05e8\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8 \u05d1\u05de\u05d2\u05d6\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05d0\u05d9&#8221;. <em>\u05d2&#8217;\u05d0\u05de\u05e2\u05d4<\/em> (11), 1-8.<\/p>\n<p>\u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e7\u05dc\u05d9, \u05e8&#8217; (2003). <em>\u05dc\u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d8 \u05d1 \u2013 ADHD, \u05d4\u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05e9\u05dc\u05dd \u05d5\u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05de\u05da \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05e9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d6<\/em>. [\u05dc.\u05de]: \u05e6\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2&#8221;\u05d9\u00a0\u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05ea \u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05df.<\/p>\n<p>\u05d2\u05d0\u05d1\u05e8, \u05dc&#8217;, \u05e8\u05d9\u05d2\u05dc\u05e8, \u05e9&#8217;, \u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05e8, \u05d0&#8217; \u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d3, \u05d2&#8217; (2017).\u00a0\u05d0\u05e4\u05d9\u05d3\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05de\u05ea\u05d9\u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d0\u05d8 (\u05e8\u05d9\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05df) \u05dc\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u00a018-6 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc &#8211; \u05e2\u05ea \u05dc\u05e9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05d9 \u05de\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea.<em> \u05d4\u05e8\u05e4\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4<\/em>, 7(156) ,\u00a0 460-464. \u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d1- 12\/7\/2018 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ima.org.il\/medicine\/Download.aspx?fi=121153\">https:\/\/www.ima.org.il\/medicine\/Download.aspx?fi=121153<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05d1\u05e6&#8217;\u05d9\u05e7, \u05e4&#8217;, \u05e1\u05d1\u05e8, \u05d9&#8217;, \u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05e6\u05de\u05df, \u05d0&#8217; (2011).\u00a0 \u05d9\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d1\u05d8\u05d9\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d8\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05dc \u05d1\u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e7\u05e8\u05d1 \u05de\u05d1\u05d5\u05d2\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05dc\u05d5\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05ea \u05dc\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e7\u05e9\u05d1 \u05e2\u05dd \u05e4\u05e2\u05dc\u05ea\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8 (ADHD)\u00a0\u00a0. <em>\u05d4\u05e8\u05e4\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4<\/em>, 10(150), 788-790. \u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d0\u05e8\u05d9\u05da 12\/7\/2018 \u05de-: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ima.org.il\/medicine\/Download.aspx?fi=13687\">https:\/\/www.ima.org.il\/medicine\/Download.aspx?fi=13687<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u05d2\u05d5\u05dc\u05df, \u05e0&#8217; (2004). \u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d5\u05de\u05dc\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05ea \u05e7\u05e9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d6 (ADHD) \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05ea \u05e9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea. <em>\u05d4\u05e8\u05e4\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4, <\/em>143<em>, <\/em>679-676.<\/p>\n<p>\u05d2\u05e8\u05d9\u05df \u05db&#8217; \u05d5\u05e6\u05d9\u05d9, \u05de&#8217; (2001). <em>\u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05dc\u05d8\u05e4\u05dc ADHD<\/em>. \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05ea \u05e9\u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9.<\/p>\n<p>\u05d8\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05df, \u05d3. (2009). <em>\u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d8\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05dc \u05d1\u05de\u05d8\u05d9\u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d3\u05ea (\u05e8\u05d9\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05df) \u05d1\u05e7\u05e8\u05d1 \u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05ea \u05e7\u05e9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d6, \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05e2\u05e8\u05da \u05db\u05e4\u05d5\u05dc \u05e1\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea<\/em>. \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05ea \u05ea\u05d6\u05d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u05d6\u05dc\u05e6\u05de\u05df, \u05d0. (2008). \u05d1\u05e2\u05d3\/\u05e0\u05d2\u05d3: \u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05e8\u05d9\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05e9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d6. <em>\u05e9\u05d9\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05e4\u05e9\u05d9 <\/em>(83).<\/p>\n<p>\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9-\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05df,\u00a0\u200f\u05e0&#8217; (2005). \u05d0\u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05df \u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05df, \u05d1\u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1 \u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9 \u05dc\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05ea \u05e7\u05e9\u05d1, <em>\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea. <\/em>\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d1- 2\/6\/18<em>: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hebpsy.net\/articles.asp?id=568\"><em>https:\/\/www.hebpsy.net\/articles.asp?id=568<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u05dc\u05d5\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1, \u05dc&#8217;, \u05d5\u05e4\u05e8\u05d9\u05d3\u05de\u05df, \u05e0&#8217; (2007). \u05d4\u05e9\u05e4\u05e2\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05dc \u05d1\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05e1\u05dc\u05e7\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea. <em>\u05e9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05d5\u05d7<\/em> (6), 99-97. \u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d0\u05e8\u05d9\u05da 2\/6\/2018 \u05de-: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.language-brain.com\/journal\/docs\/Lukov_Friedmann_LanguageBrain6_dyslexia_rytalin.pdf\">http:\/\/www.language-brain.com\/journal\/docs\/Lukov_Friedmann_LanguageBrain6_dyslexia_rytalin.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d0&#8217;, \u05d5\u05d8\u05d9\u05d0\u05e0\u05d5, \u05e9&#8217; (2012). <em>\u05dc\u05d7\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05ea \u05e7\u05e9\u05d1, \u05e8\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d6 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d9\u05e4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea.<\/em> \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1: \u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05df.<\/p>\n<p>\u05e1\u05e8\u05d5\u05e3, \u05d0&#8217;, \u05e7\u05d5\u05e4\u05e8, \u05ea&#8217;, \u05d5\u05d3\u05d4\u05d0\u05e8\u05d8, \u05d2&#8217;, (1998). <em>\u05d4\u05ea\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3: \u05d8\u05d1\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05db\u05d4<\/em>. \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1: \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05ea\u00a0\u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d1\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e4\u05ea\u05d5\u05d7\u05d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u05e9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05df, \u05db&#8217; (1990). <em>\u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05db\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05ea\u05dc\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd<\/em>. \u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e9\u05dd \u05e7\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05d5\u05d0\u05e8 \u05d3\u05d5\u05e7\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05d9\u05d4, \u05d0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d1\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d8\u05ea \u05d7\u05d9\u05e4\u05d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u05e9\u05dc\u05d5-\u05de\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05da, \u05dc&#8217;, \u05d5\u05e1\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1\u05d5\u05df-\u05e4\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9, \u05de&#8217; (2011). \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e2\u05ea \u05e7\u05e9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d6. \u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05de\u05d5\u05e8, \u05e0&#8217;, \u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e8\u05e1, \u05d9&#8217;, \u05de\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd, \u05e6&#8217;, \u05d5\u05d2\u05dc\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2 &#8211; \u05e9\u05db\u05d8\u05de\u05df, \u05d0&#8217;, (\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9\u05dd). <em>\u05d8\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05dc \u05e7\u05d5\u05d2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05d4\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd: \u05e2\u05e7\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d8\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd<\/em> (\u05e2\u05de&#8217; 267-286). \u05ea&#8221;\u05d0: \u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05df.<\/p>\n<p>\u05ea\u05d0\u05d9\u05d4, \u05e2&#8217; (2004). <em>\u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e9\u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05da \u05d4\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d5\u05d4\u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc \u05db\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d1 \u05ea\u05dc\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e6\u05e8\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05db\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5\u05ea \u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d2\u05d6\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9<\/em>. \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4 \u05dc\u05ea\u05d5\u05d0\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9, \u05d0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d1\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05d8\u05ea \u05d1\u05e8-\u05d0\u05d9\u05dc\u05df, \u05d1\u05d9\u05d4&#8221;\u05e1 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05da.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 (\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14946","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14946","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14946"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14946\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14959,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14946\/revisions\/14959"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14946"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}