{"id":13900,"date":"2025-07-01T01:24:48","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T01:24:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=13900"},"modified":"2025-07-01T01:24:50","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T01:24:50","slug":"6-7-21","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/6-7-21\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (2024\u20132025\u0645)<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u064a \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u062f. \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: Memahy38@gmail.com    Memahy@uobn.edu.sd<\/p><p><sup>2<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>The Impact of Management Information Systems on Human Resource Development in the Banking Sector:\r\nA Case Study of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan \u2013 Damazin Branch (2024\u20132025)<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Dr. Mohammed Idris Al-Mahi Habib<sup>1<\/sup>, Dr. Qasim Ibrahim Koko Al-Toum<sup>2<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Blue Nile University, Sudan.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> Memahy38@gmail.com;<\/p><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>2<\/sup> Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economic and Social Studies, University of Al-Dalang, Sudan<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj67\/21' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj67\/21<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/67\/21' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/67\/21<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (7). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 324 - 338<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-06-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-06-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-07-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue7\/6-7-21.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; gap:8px; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:10px 14px; border-radius:10px;\r\n  border:1px solid #0b5ed7; background:#0b5ed7; color:#fff;\r\n  cursor:pointer; font-weight:700;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn:hover{background:#084bb0;border-color:#084bb0}\r\n.hnsj-cite-note{display:block;margin-top:6px;font-size:13px;opacity:.85}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-backdrop{\r\n  position:fixed; inset:0; background:rgba(0,0,0,.55);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99998;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal{\r\n  position:fixed; left:50%; top:50%; transform:translate(-50%,-50%);\r\n  width:min(760px,94vw); background:#fff; border-radius:14px;\r\n  box-shadow:0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,.28);\r\n  display:none; z-index:99999; overflow:hidden;\r\n  border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);\r\n}\r\n\r\n.hnsj-modal-header{\r\n  display:flex; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center;\r\n  padding:14px 16px; border-bottom:1px solid #eee; background:#f8fafc;\r\n}\r\n.hnsj-modal-title{font-size:16px;font-weight:800;color:#111827}\r\n.hnsj-modal-close{\r\n  border:1px solid #d1d5db; 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I. M, Al-Toum Q. I. K. (2025). The Impact of Management Information Systems on Human Resource Development in the Banking Sector:\\r\\nA Case Study of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan \u2013 Damazin Branch (2024\u20132025). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(7). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Habib Mohammed Idris Al-Mahi, Al-Toum Qasim Ibrahim Koko. 2025. \\&quot;The Impact of Management Information Systems on Human Resource Development in the Banking Sector:\\r\\nA Case Study of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan \u2013 Damazin Branch (2024\u20132025).\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 7. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Habib M. I. M, Al-Toum Q. I. K. 2025. The Impact of Management Information Systems on Human Resource Development in the Banking Sector:\\r\\nA Case Study of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan \u2013 Damazin Branch (2024\u20132025). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-07-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 6(7). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-7-21\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Habib M. I. M, Al-Toum Q. I. K. The Impact of Management Information Systems on Human Resource Development in the Banking Sector:\\r\\nA Case Study of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan \u2013 Damazin Branch (2024\u20132025). Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-07-01; 6(7). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Habib M. I. M, Al-Toum Q. I. K, \\&quot;The Impact of Management Information Systems on Human Resource Development in the Banking Sector:\\r\\nA Case Study of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan \u2013 Damazin Branch (2024\u20132025),\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 7, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Habib Mohammed Idris Al-Mahi, Al-Toum Qasim Ibrahim Koko. \\&quot;The Impact of Management Information Systems on Human Resource Development in the Banking Sector:\\r\\nA Case Study of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan \u2013 Damazin Branch (2024\u20132025).\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 7, 2025-07-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645 . \u0625. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0642. \u0625. \u0643. (2025). \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (2024\u20132025\u0645). \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(7). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0648. 2025. \u00ab\u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (2024\u20132025\u0645)\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(7). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645 . \u0625. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0642. \u0625. \u0643. \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (2024\u20132025\u0645). \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2025-07-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-24]. 6(7). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-7-21\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645 . \u0625. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0642. \u0625. \u0643. \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (2024\u20132025\u0645). \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2025-07-01\u061b 6(7). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645 . \u0625. \u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0642. \u0625. \u0643. \u00ab\u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (2024\u20132025\u0645)\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 7\u060c 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0648. \u00ab\u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (2024\u20132025\u0645)\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 7\u060c 2025-07-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj67\\\/21&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This study aims to explore the impact of Management Information Systems (MIS) on Human Resource Development (HRD) in the banking sector, with a field application on the Agricultural Bank of Sudan \u2013 Damazin Branch. The significance of the topic lies in the growing digital transformation in banks and the increasing need to leverage technology for institutional efficiency. The research employed a descriptive analytical approach using a combination of questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis, targeting a sample of 100 employees across various departments. Data were analyzed using SPSS.Findings revealed that MIS positively impacts HR development, especially in the areas of planning and employee motivation. However, lower influence was observed in training and performance evaluation, suggesting the need for improved integration between MIS and HR functions. The study recommends greater investment in digital infrastructure, broader MIS implementation in training and evaluation, and adopting a comprehensive approach to HR digitization. Future studies are encouraged in other banking institutions for comparative insights.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Management Information Systems, Human Resource Development, Banking Sector, Agricultural Bank, Sudan.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 (Introduction)<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (MIS) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 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\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a [8][16].<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>H1<\/strong>: \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H2<\/strong>: \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u064e \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 [13][20].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a [6][11][18].<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/strong> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (Literature Review)<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (MIS) \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f (2019) \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 [1]. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f (2018) \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 [2]. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2021) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 [4].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 Laudon &amp; Laudon (2020) \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a [21]. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 O&#8217;Brien &amp; Marakas (2019) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 [22].<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2020) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 [3]. \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0634\u064a (2020) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 [8].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646 (2020) \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a [16]. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 Gupta (2021) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a [25].<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f (2019) \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 [7]\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 (2022) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 [11]. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0628 (2019) \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 [15].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Al-Mashari &amp; Zairi (2017) \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 (ERP) \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 [23]. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a Henderson &amp; Venkatraman (2019) \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 [26].<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 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style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><strong> \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 [21]. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2020) \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 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\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a [4][6].<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a <\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 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justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0634\u064a (2020) \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 [8]. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 Gupta (2021) \u0623\u0646 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[25].<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a <\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 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(21)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a 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\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644)<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629).<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 <strong>\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/strong> \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 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justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644: \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 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\u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 [15].<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 [22][23].<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 [11][25].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 [10].<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/strong>: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 [3][13].<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a<\/strong>: \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 [16][19].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u2192 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u2192 <strong>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u2192 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u2192 <strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 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\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 [3][8].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 <strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 [20].<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/strong>: \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 [2][7][25].<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 [11][27].<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/strong>: \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 [4][6][18].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <\/strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0633\u064f\u062d\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 [10][13].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 <strong>(\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: 60 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064b\u0627)<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 [22].<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c <strong>SPSS<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<strong> \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 (Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha)<\/strong> \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 <strong>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong> [21]<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u0643\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 (Chi-square) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a [5][16]<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a <strong>T-test \u0623\u0648 ANOVA <\/strong>\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a [14][26]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c Excel<\/strong> \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 <strong>\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 (Validity)<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d [7][15].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <strong>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 (Reliability)<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: 0.87)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 [21][28].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 200 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633:<\/strong> \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b 40%.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631:<\/strong> \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 35 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 28 \u064842 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 (25%)\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (25%)\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a (30%)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (20%).<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1: \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"wp-image-13910\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-1.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-1-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-1-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-1-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-1-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2025\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642: \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 60%\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064040 %<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 2: \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"wp-image-13911\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-2.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-2-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-2-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-2-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-2-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2025\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 28 \u064842 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u062d\u0648 35 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 3: \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"wp-image-13912\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-3.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-3.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-3-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-3-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-3-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-3-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2025\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 (30%)\u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 (25% \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 (20%). \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-13900-_Hlk201522412\"><\/a><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 (1) \u064a\u0648\u0635\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.01<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.82<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.97<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.83<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a id=\"post-13900-_Hlk201522513\"><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2025\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 4: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"wp-image-13913\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-4.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-4.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-4-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-4-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-4-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/word-image-13900-4-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2025\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 T-Test:<\/strong> \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ANOVA:<\/strong> \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 p &lt; 0.05).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629: (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c: <strong>R\u00b2 = 0.48<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 48% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 <\/strong>(\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 4.01)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647<strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632<\/strong> (3.97)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645<\/strong> \u062c\u0627\u0621\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 (Discussion) <\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 <\/strong>\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (4.01)\u060c \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 <\/strong>(3.97)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 (3.46 \u06483.44 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a). \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Laudon &amp; Laudon (2020) \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (2020) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 [3][21]. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0639\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 Gupta (2021) \u0648Al-Mashari &amp; Zairi (2017) \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 [23][25].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0628 (2019) \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a<\/strong> [15].<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u2013 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f (2019) \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0641 (2020) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a <\/strong>[7][12].<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <strong>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 <strong>\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a <em>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 <strong>\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 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justify;\"><strong>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 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justify;\"><strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/strong>\u060c 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644: \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 <strong>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (<\/strong>\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f ERP \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 HRIS) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 <strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 (qualitative approaches)<\/strong> \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a <strong>\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Longitudinal Studies)<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (1\u201320)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. (2019). <em>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 15(2)\u060c 120-135.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f. (2018). <em>\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c 10(1)\u060c 77-94.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. (2020). <em>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c 16(1)\u060c 40-58.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2021). <em>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 24(3)\u060c 89-105.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632. (2017). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c 57(4)\u060c 215-232.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f. (2016). <em>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 20(2)\u060c 90-108.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638. (2019). <em>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 27(1)\u060c 35-52.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646. (2020). <em>\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 14(2)\u060c 122-139.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641. (2018). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 13(3)\u060c 58-74.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0646\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2021). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c 32(2)\u060c 85-101.<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f. (2022). <em>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 11(2)\u060c 134-150.<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646. (2020). <em>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 18(1)\u060c 66-82.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646. (2017). <em>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u060c 5(2)\u060c 44-61.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629. (2022). <em>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 21(1)\u060c 92-110.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. (2019). <em>\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c 17(4)\u060c 104-123.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2020). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 14(3)\u060c 73-88.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631. (2021). <em>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 19(1)\u060c 112-129.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. (2022). <em>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c 27(2)\u060c 144-160.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2018). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641<\/em>. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c 15(3)\u060c 98-115.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645. (2023). <em>\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em>. \u0628\u062d\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642: 19\/2\/2025\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629: 10:48 \u0635.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (21\u201330)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Laudon, K. C., &amp; Laudon, J. P. (2020). <em>Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm<\/em>. Pearson Education.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">O&#8217;Brien, J. A., &amp; Marakas, G. M. (2019). <em>Management Information Systems<\/em>. McGraw-Hill Education.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Al-Mashari, M., &amp; Zairi, M. (2017). <em>Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and HR performance<\/em>. Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(4), 321\u2013340.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Davis, G. B., &amp; Olson, M. H. (2018). <em>Management Information Systems: Conceptual Foundations, Structure, and Development<\/em>. McGraw-Hill.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gupta, A. (2021). <em>Impact of Information Systems on Human Resource Management in Banks<\/em>. International Journal of Information Systems, 19(2), 211\u2013228.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Henderson, J. C., &amp; Venkatraman, N. (2019). <em>Strategic alignment and human resource development<\/em>. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 14(1), 33\u201347.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hussain, M., &amp; Patrick, M. (2022). <em>Effectiveness of MIS in HR development: A case from the banking sector<\/em>. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 13(1), 45\u201362.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Turban, E., &amp; Volonino, L. (2018). <em>Information Technology for Management: Advancing Sustainable, Profitable Business Growth<\/em>. Wiley.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shaikh, A., &amp; Karjaluoto, H. (2020). <em>Mobile banking and organizational innovation in developing economies<\/em>. Information Systems Management, 37(1), 2\u201313.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">DeSanctis, G. (2018). <em>Human resource information systems: A current assessment<\/em>. MIS Quarterly, 24(3), 37\u201352.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 (Introduction) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (MIS) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13900","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13900","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13900"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13900\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13914,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13900\/revisions\/13914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13900"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}