{"id":13611,"date":"2025-05-30T23:00:35","date_gmt":"2025-05-30T23:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=13611"},"modified":"2025-05-30T23:00:38","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T23:00:38","slug":"6-4-29","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/6-4-29\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631 - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0636\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648<sup>1<\/sup>\u060c \u0623.\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: nazarkhudhur@yahoo.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>Gender Reassignment Between Permissibility and Prohibition: A Comparative Study<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Nizar Khidr Hallo<sup>1<\/sup>, Prof. Mohammed Daghman<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Islamic University of Lebanon, Faculty of Law, Public Law.<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> nazarkhudhur@yahoo.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj64\/29' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj64\/29<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/64\/29' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/64\/29<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (4). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 574 - 595<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-03-07 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2025-03-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-04-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue4\/6-4-29.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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K, Daghman M. (2025). Gender Reassignment Between Permissibility and Prohibition: A Comparative Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(4). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Hallo Nizar Khidr, Daghman Mohammed. 2025. \\&quot;Gender Reassignment Between Permissibility and Prohibition: A Comparative Study.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 4. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Hallo N. K, Daghman M. 2025. Gender Reassignment Between Permissibility and Prohibition: A Comparative Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-04-01. [Cited 2026-04-24]. 6(4). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-4-29\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Hallo N. K, Daghman M. Gender Reassignment Between Permissibility and Prohibition: A Comparative Study. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-04-01; 6(4). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Hallo N. K, Daghman M, \\&quot;Gender Reassignment Between Permissibility and Prohibition: A Comparative Study,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 4, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Hallo Nizar Khidr, Daghman Mohammed. \\&quot;Gender Reassignment Between Permissibility and Prohibition: A Comparative Study.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 4, 2025-04-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0646. \u062e\u060c \u062f\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645. (2025). \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631 - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(4). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u062f\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. 2025. \u00ab\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631 - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c 6(4). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0646. \u062e\u060c \u062f\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631 - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] 2025-04-01. [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 2026-04-24]. 6(4). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-4-29\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0646. \u062e\u060c \u062f\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631 - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. [\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. 2025-04-01\u061b 6(4). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0646. \u062e\u060c \u062f\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645. \u00ab\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631 - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 4\u060c 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;\u062d\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u062f\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. \u00ab\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631 - \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u00bb. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645 6\u060c \u0639 4\u060c 2025-04-01\u060c https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj64\\\/29&quot;}'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-header'>\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-title'>Cite \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/div>\r\n    <button class='hnsj-modal-close' type='button' data-hnsj-close aria-label='Close'>\u00d7<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-tabs'>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab active' data-lang='en'>English (Roman)<\/button>\r\n      <button type='button' class='hnsj-tab' data-lang='ar'>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/button>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class='hnsj-modal-body'>\r\n      <div class='hnsj-row'>\r\n        <button type='button' class='hnsj-copy' data-hnsj-copy>Copy<\/button>\r\n        <select class='hnsj-select' data-hnsj-style><\/select>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <textarea class='hnsj-textarea' data-hnsj-box readonly><\/textarea>\r\n\r\n      <div class='hnsj-actions'>\r\n        <div style='display:flex; gap:10px; flex-wrap:wrap;'>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='ris'>Download RIS<\/button>\r\n          <button type='button' class='hnsj-dl' data-hnsj-dl='bib'>Download BibTeX<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style='text-align:justify; direction:rtl;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: <\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0625\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> This research addresses the issue of gender reassignment between permissibility and prohibition from a comparative legal and jurisprudential perspective. It highlights the medical and surgical interventions aimed at changing gender and how these are legally regulated\u060c analyzing the legal and religious debate over their legitimacy. The study seeks to identify legal challenges related to gender reassignment procedures\u060c distinguishing them from other surgical interventions such as cosmetic surgery and organ transplants. It also discusses the potential crimes arising from these operations\u060c such as medical confidentiality breaches and forgery of medical certificates\u060c clarifying the positions of Iraqi and other Arab judicial systems\u060c and providing recommendations for legal regulation. The researcher adopted an analytical comparative methodology between Islamic law and contemporary legal frameworks.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Gender reassignment\u060c surgical medical intervention\u060c legal permissibility\u060c medical crimes\u060c medical confidentiality\u060c Iraqi judiciary\u060c comparative laws.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 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id=\"post-13611-footnote-ref-6\" href=\"#post-13611-footnote-6\">[6]<\/a>).<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647&#8230; \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a<sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-13611-footnote-ref-7\" href=\"#post-13611-footnote-7\">[7]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0647 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id=\"post-13611-footnote-ref-12\" href=\"#post-13611-footnote-12\">[12]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u062b\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/strong>: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u062b\u064a 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justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062d <\/strong>\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0623\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627 (\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0633) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 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style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:-<\/strong> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1977 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<sup>(<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-13611-footnote-ref-57\" href=\"#post-13611-footnote-57\">[57]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0640. <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/strong>:- \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647 <strong>( \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 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justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/strong>: \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 1487\/54 \u0641\u064a 20 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2000 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0636\u062f (\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a) \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a 28 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1999.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627 \u0637\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 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\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062d\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062f\u0631 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627:- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 53<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 13<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 49<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 45<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 32<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627:- \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0639<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627:- \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%88%D8%B1\"><strong>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u060c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c1968<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627:- \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 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href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%88%D8%B1\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a>\u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c1968\u060c\u0635384 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062953 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u062f\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c1993\u060c\u0635196 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627\u060c\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0639 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-5\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c2015\u060c\u0635296 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-6\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c2017.\u0635650 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-7\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c2012\u060c\u0635264 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-8\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642: <br \/>1 \u2013 \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b. <br \/>2 \u2013 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629. <br \/>3 \u2013 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a. <br \/>4 \u2013 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647. <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-9\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f. \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635653 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-10\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c2018\u060c\u0635151 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-11\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c2014\u060c\u0635239 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-12\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635176 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-13\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635304 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-14\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u062939\u060c\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c2006\u060c\u0635195 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-15\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 111 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1969 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-16\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c2003\u060c\u06353 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-17\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u06355 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-18\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635196 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-18\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-19\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 311 \u0641\u064a 22 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2002\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635318 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0635318 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-21\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 32 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-22\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.imamsadeq.org\">www.imamsadeq.org<\/a> <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-23\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-24\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f173\u060c\u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635318 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-25\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 45 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627: \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627: \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0642\u060c\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c1986\u060c\u0635545 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-25\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-26\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635307 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-27\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635151 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-28\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635460 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-28\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-29\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635307 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-29\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-30\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647-\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c2002 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-30\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-31\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c1998 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-31\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-32\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635214 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-32\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-33\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635295 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-33\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-34\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635210 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-34\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-35\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635465 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-35\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-36\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635311 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-36\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-37\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635466 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-37\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-38\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 4 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2002 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-38\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-39\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a 8 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1968\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635312 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-39\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-40\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u064a 3 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1977\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635313 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-40\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-41\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a 12 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1977\u060c\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c\u0635314 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-41\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-42\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c\u0635317 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-42\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-43\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c315 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-43\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-44\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a 27\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1969\u060c\u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635314 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-44\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-45\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635467 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-45\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-46\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635314 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-46\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-47\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c2017\u060c\u063583 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-47\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-48\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c2016\u060c\u0635102 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-48\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-49\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635103 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-49\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-50\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635 104 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-50\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-51\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635105 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-51\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-52\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635 105 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-52\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-53\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c105 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-53\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-54\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u063587 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-54\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-55\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635 106 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-55\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-56\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-56\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-57\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635- \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c2013\u060c\u063535 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-57\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-58\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u060c\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u060c\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0643\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c2011\u060c\u063545 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-58\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-59\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635 108 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-59\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-60\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f.\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635- \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c2013\u060c\u063537 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-60\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-61\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-61\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-62\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u062f. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635201\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635332 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-62\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-63\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>() \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062945 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-63\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-13611-footnote-64\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">() \u062f. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635226\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c\u0635342 <a href=\"#post-13611-footnote-ref-64\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13611","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13611","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13611"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13611\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13612,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13611\/revisions\/13612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}