{"id":12248,"date":"2025-01-01T08:28:43","date_gmt":"2025-01-01T08:28:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/?page_id=12248"},"modified":"2025-01-10T12:40:33","modified_gmt":"2025-01-10T12:40:33","slug":"6-1-16","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/6-1-16\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"journal-article\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><h3 style='text-align: right; font-family:Simplified Arabic;'>\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h3><p style='text-align:right; font-weight:bold; direction:rtl;'>\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a <sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:rtl; text-align:right; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5;'><p><sup>1<\/sup> \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: salehemhanna@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><h4 style='text-align:left; direction:ltr; unicode-bidi:embed; font-family:Times New Roman;'>THE PHENOMENON OF RISING GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN SOME AREAS OF LIBYA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY<\/h4><p style='text-align:left; font-weight:bold; direction:ltr; margin-top:12px;'>Saleh Amhmed Amhni<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><div style='direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-size:12px; line-height:1.7; margin-bottom:10px;'><p style='margin:0 0 8px 0;'><sup>1<\/sup> Faculty of Engineering, Ajdabiya University, Ajdabiya, Libya,<br><span style=\"font-size:12px;\">Email:<\/span> salehemhanna@gmail.com<\/p><\/div><p style='text-align:left;'><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj61\/16' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj61\/16<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b:<\/strong> <a href='https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/61\/16' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>https:\/\/arsri.org\/10000\/61\/16<\/a><\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f (6) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> 253 - 277<\/p><p style='text-align: right;'><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644:<\/strong> 2024-12-04 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> 2024-12-15 | <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> 2025-01-01<\/p><p><a href='\/volume6\/issue1\/6-1-16.pdf' target='_blank' rel='noopener' style='background-color:green;color:white;padding:10px 15px;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;'>Download PDF<\/a><\/p>\r\n<style>\r\n.hnsj-cite-btn{\r\n  display:inline-flex; 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A. (2025). THE PHENOMENON OF RISING GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN SOME AREAS OF LIBYA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, 6(1). https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj61\\\/16&quot;,&quot;Chicago&quot;:&quot;Saleh Amhni. 2025. \\&quot;THE PHENOMENON OF RISING GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN SOME AREAS OF LIBYA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal 6, no. 1. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj61\\\/16&quot;,&quot;Harvard&quot;:&quot;Amhni S. A. 2025. THE PHENOMENON OF RISING GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN SOME AREAS OF LIBYA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet] 2025-01-01. [Cited 2026-04-25]. 6(1). Available at: https:\\\/\\\/www.hnjournal.net\\\/6-1-16\\\/. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj61\\\/16&quot;,&quot;Vancouver&quot;:&quot;Amhni S. A. THE PHENOMENON OF RISING GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN SOME AREAS OF LIBYA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal. [Internet]. 2025-01-01; 6(1). Available from: https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj61\\\/16&quot;,&quot;IEEE&quot;:&quot;Amhni S. A, \\&quot;THE PHENOMENON OF RISING GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN SOME AREAS OF LIBYA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY,\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 1, 2025. https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj61\\\/16&quot;,&quot;MLA&quot;:&quot;Saleh Amhni. \\&quot;THE PHENOMENON OF RISING GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN SOME AREAS OF LIBYA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY.\\&quot; Humanities &amp; Natural Sciences Journal, vol. 6, no. 1, 2025-01-01, https:\\\/\\\/doi.org\\\/10.53796\\\/hnsj61\\\/16&quot;}' data-cit-ar='{&quot;APA&quot;:&quot;\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0635. \u0623. 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.\r\n\u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u062c\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0635\u062d\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p><p style='text-align:right;'><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 -  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.<\/p><p style='text-align:justify; direction:ltr;'><strong>Abstract: <\/strong> The study on rising groundwater levels in various Libyan cities, including Zliten, Ajdabiya, Suknah, Bir al-Ghanam, and Saluq, highlights a critical environmental issue with both natural and anthropogenic causes. This study employed a descriptive analytical approach to review and analyze this phenomenon. The study revealed that the rise in water levels occurs due to several natural and human-induced reasons. Despite the differing geological and topographical conditions of the affected areas, there are common causes among them.\r\nThe main causes of Rising Groundwater Levels are: Artificial Recharge which notably increased in areas like Ajdabiya, Zliten, and Saluq, primarily due to the use of Man Made water and Extraction of groundwater from deep layers observed in Suknah and Bir al-Ghanam. Geological barrier from impermeable layers hinder water from percolating downwards and proximity to sea level like Zliten and Ajdabiya face pressing challenges due to their elevation. As well as; Infrastructure Issues results from Leakages in inadequate water and sewage networks and precipitation contribute to the problem. Finally, Lack of Groundwater Utilization which increases water accumulation.\r\nThe impacts of Groundwater Rise have been divided into Severe (Zliten and Ajdabiya): Flooding of lower floors\/basements, foundation deterioration, humidity increase, subsidence, puddles leading to weed growth and insect proliferation. Less Severe (Suknah, Saluq, Bir al-Ghanam): Increased humidity, surface puddles intermixed with sewage. Based on causes and impacts the Issue Classified into two types: Groundwater Levels Rising: Notably in Ajdabiya and Zliten and Groundwater Flooding: Observed in Suknah, Bir al-Ghanam, and Saluq.\r\nThe study recommended conducting a comprehensive geotechnical survey to examine geological and topographical characteristics, rock properties, and create piezometric maps. It also emphasized the need to monitor and rationalize the use of Man Made water and sustainable use of groundwater. Additionally, the establishment of sewage networks is essential. Finally, the need for periodic monitoring of affected areas to prevent the phenomenon from worsening, and implementing preventive measures in unaffected areas to prevent the phenomenon from occurring.<\/p><p style='direction:ltr; text-align:left;'><strong>Keywords: <\/strong> Rising Level, Groundwater, artificial recharge, Pollution.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 (Salako and Abraham, 2018)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 (Winter and et al., 1998).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (Salako and Abraham, 2018).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 1: \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.1 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u0650\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.1 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642:<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 . (Blower, 1987)<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u0645 .(Knipe et al., 1993)<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 . (Kreibich and Thieken, 2008)<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 .(Bergeron et al., 1983)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u064f\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 (Emhanna and et al, 2020).<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0647 .(Dean and Sholley, 2006)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 . (Rushton and Al-Othman, 1993)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a (Al-Rashed and Sherif, 2001)\u0648 (and et al, 2015 Al-Senafy).<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646 . (Selim et al., 2014)<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 . (Krogulec et al., 2020)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0633 .(Oyedele et al., 2009)<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0627 . (Yasuhara et al., 2007)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634 .(Singh et al., 2000)<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 .(Plane et al., 2019)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 (Kreibich and Thieken, 2008)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.1 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646: \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f 250 \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 2).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1092\" height=\"629\" class=\"wp-image-12334\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-6.jpeg\" alt=\"E:\\Wok\\\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\\\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\\\u0633\u0633\u0633.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-6.jpeg 1092w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-6-300x173.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-6-1024x590.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-6-768x442.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1092px) 100vw, 1092px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 2: \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong> \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"328\" class=\"wp-image-12335\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-7.jpeg\" alt=\"E:\\Wok\\\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\\429391925_378260588476398_418879413660810594_n.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-7.jpeg 730w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-7-300x135.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"376\" class=\"wp-image-12336\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-8.jpeg\" alt=\"E:\\Wok\\\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\\\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\\\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-8.jpeg 735w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-8-300x153.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c 2024)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 3: \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a : \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.5 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.1.5 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 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\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 70000 \u0645<sup>3<\/sup> \u064852000\u0645<sup>3<\/sup> \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1). \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 8000 \u0645<sup>3<\/sup> \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1: \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>70000 \u0645<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>52000 \u0645<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>8500 \u0645<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0 \u06453<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0 \u06453<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 4 \u06485). \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"358\" height=\"523\" class=\"wp-image-12337\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/431568655_7326056057510601_3152623511376140418_n-2.jpeg\" alt=\"431568655_7326056057510601_3152623511376140418_n\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/431568655_7326056057510601_3152623511376140418_n-2.jpeg 358w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/431568655_7326056057510601_3152623511376140418_n-2-205x300.jpeg 205w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"359\" height=\"523\" class=\"wp-image-12338\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/433926878_7326056310843909_6082163628848764573_n-2.jpeg\" alt=\"433926878_7326056310843909_6082163628848764573_n\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/433926878_7326056310843909_6082163628848764573_n-2.jpeg 359w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/433926878_7326056310843909_6082163628848764573_n-2-206x300.jpeg 206w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 359px) 100vw, 359px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 4: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c 2024)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"476\" height=\"381\" class=\"wp-image-12341\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/46517365_653464495047904_8165142595345842176_n-2.jpeg\" alt=\"46517365_653464495047904_8165142595345842176_n\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/46517365_653464495047904_8165142595345842176_n-2.jpeg 476w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/46517365_653464495047904_8165142595345842176_n-2-300x240.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/><\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"339\" height=\"451\" class=\"wp-image-12348\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/46524327_491252411361485_1348195280800972800_n-2.jpeg\" alt=\"46524327_491252411361485_1348195280800972800_n\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/46524327_491252411361485_1348195280800972800_n-2.jpeg 339w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/46524327_491252411361485_1348195280800972800_n-2-225x300.jpeg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 339px) 100vw, 339px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 5: \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 (\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0633\u060c 2019).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0629 (Mizdah Formation) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 150 \u2013 250 \u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0633 (Gypsum) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0644 (Marl) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\u060c 2014). \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c 2018). \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2019 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 215 \u0645\u0644\u0645 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 6) (Emhanna and et al, 2020). \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2022 \u0648 2023 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 7)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 (\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f 2024). \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0634\u0643\u0644 8.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" class=\"wp-image-12349\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/50917545_2105086936204453_3532536568608718848_n-2.jpeg\" alt=\"50917545_2105086936204453_3532536568608718848_n\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/50917545_2105086936204453_3532536568608718848_n-2.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/50917545_2105086936204453_3532536568608718848_n-2-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/50917545_2105086936204453_3532536568608718848_n-2-135x75.jpeg 135w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"211\" height=\"335\" class=\"wp-image-12350\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-1-2.jpeg\" alt=\"E:\\\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\\\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\\\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645 \u0627\u064c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\\\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\\49652206_2279270555691869_3444108152671305728_n.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-1-2.jpeg 211w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-1-2-189x300.jpeg 189w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 211px) 100vw, 211px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 6: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2019.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"492\" height=\"368\" class=\"wp-image-12351\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-11-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-11-2.jpeg 492w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-11-2-300x224.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-11-2-360x270.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-11-2-80x60.jpeg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 492px) 100vw, 492px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"241\" height=\"400\" class=\"wp-image-12353\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-12-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-12-2.jpeg 241w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-12-2-181x300.jpeg 181w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 241px) 100vw, 241px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 7: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2022 (\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a: \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"356\" height=\"571\" class=\"wp-image-12354\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-13-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-13-2.png 356w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-13-2-187x300.png 187w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px\" \/><\/strong> <strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"352\" height=\"570\" class=\"wp-image-12355\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-14-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-14-2.png 352w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-14-2-185x300.png 185w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 8: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2022 (\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.1.5 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a. \u0641\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0635\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a (\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f 2024) \u0648 (Emhanna and et al, 2020). \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1. \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0634\u0643\u0644 (9) \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631) \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 (\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f 2024). \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 10) (\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"774\" height=\"356\" class=\"wp-image-12358\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/unnamed-file-4.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/unnamed-file-4.jpeg 774w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/unnamed-file-4-300x138.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/unnamed-file-4-768x353.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 9: \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"370\" height=\"638\" class=\"wp-image-12364\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-16-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-16-2.png 370w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-16-2-174x300.png 174w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 10: \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 ) \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 11). \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 70000 \u0645<sup>3<\/sup> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648 52000\u0645<sup>3<\/sup> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u06488000\u0645<sup>3<\/sup> \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 15400 \u06453 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648 7500 \u0645<sup>3<\/sup> \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f 2024) \u0648240 \u0645<sup>3<\/sup> \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u060c 2017). \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 18% \u064813% \u06483% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 12).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"607\" height=\"1080\" class=\"wp-image-12365\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/whatsapp-image-2021-05-07-at-02-21-42-1-2.jpeg\" alt=\"WhatsApp Image 2021-05-07 at 02.21.42 (1)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/whatsapp-image-2021-05-07-at-02-21-42-1-2.jpeg 607w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/whatsapp-image-2021-05-07-at-02-21-42-1-2-169x300.jpeg 169w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/whatsapp-image-2021-05-07-at-02-21-42-1-2-576x1024.jpeg 576w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"607\" height=\"1080\" class=\"wp-image-12366\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/whatsapp-image-2021-05-07-at-02-20-53-2.jpeg\" alt=\"WhatsApp Image 2021-05-07 at 02.20.53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/whatsapp-image-2021-05-07-at-02-20-53-2.jpeg 607w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/whatsapp-image-2021-05-07-at-02-20-53-2-169x300.jpeg 169w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/whatsapp-image-2021-05-07-at-02-20-53-2-576x1024.jpeg 576w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 11: \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"603\" height=\"362\" class=\"wp-image-12367\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-19-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-19-2.jpeg 603w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-19-2-300x180.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"363\" class=\"wp-image-12368\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-20-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-20-2.jpeg 602w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-20-2-300x181.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"603\" height=\"362\" class=\"wp-image-12369\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-21-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-21-2.jpeg 603w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-21-2-300x180.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px\" \/> \u0623. \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628. \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u062c. \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"528\" height=\"379\" class=\"wp-image-12370\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-22-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-22-2.jpeg 528w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-22-2-300x215.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"528\" height=\"379\" class=\"wp-image-12371\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-23-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-23-2.jpeg 528w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-23-2-300x215.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 12: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0623. \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628. \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c \u062c. \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3. \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 13 \u0623) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 13 \u0628). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0649 2021 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a 2022.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"493\" height=\"294\" class=\"wp-image-12372\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-24-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-24-2.png 493w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-24-2-300x179.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 493px) 100vw, 493px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"415\" class=\"wp-image-12373\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2023-2.jpeg\" alt=\"2023\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2023-2.jpeg 730w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2023-2-300x171.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\u0623) (\u0628)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 13: \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2024\u060c \u0623: \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629. \u0628: \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.1.5 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 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justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a (Limestone) \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648 \u0648\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0633 (Gypsum). \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 5% \u0625\u0644\u0649 30%\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0634 (\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" class=\"wp-image-12374\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-wok-1-published-1-2.jpeg\" alt=\"E:\\Wok\\1 Published\\\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 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https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/g-trashes-my-work-agdabyia-study-1-2-225x300.jpeg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062c\u0628\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 14: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u2022 \u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a 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300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 15: \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c 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\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 16: \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0628\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.5 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 ,\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.2.5 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0627\u062a: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 17)\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u063a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 18). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"620\" height=\"344\" class=\"wp-image-12377\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/https-watanimg-elwatannews-com-image_archive-ori-2.jpeg\" alt=\"https:\/\/watanimg.elwatannews.com\/image_archive\/original_lower_quality\/18681146931706707604.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/https-watanimg-elwatannews-com-image_archive-ori-2.jpeg 620w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/https-watanimg-elwatannews-com-image_archive-ori-2-300x166.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/https-watanimg-elwatannews-com-image_archive-ori-2-135x75.jpeg 135w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/https-watanimg-elwatannews-com-image_archive-ori-2-270x150.jpeg 270w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/https-watanimg-elwatannews-com-image_archive-ori-2-585x325.jpeg 585w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/https-watanimg-elwatannews-com-image_archive-ori-2-450x250.jpeg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"611\" height=\"458\" class=\"wp-image-12378\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_20211216_132331-2.jpeg\" alt=\"IMG_20211216_132331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_20211216_132331-2.jpeg 611w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_20211216_132331-2-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_20211216_132331-2-360x270.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/img_20211216_132331-2-80x60.jpeg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"711\" height=\"321\" class=\"wp-image-12379\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/unnamed-file-5.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0664\u0660\u0661\u0662\u0668_\u0661\u0665\u0660\u0669\u0663\u0668\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/unnamed-file-5.jpeg 711w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/unnamed-file-5-300x135.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 711px) 100vw, 711px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 17: \u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0645) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"308\" height=\"197\" class=\"wp-image-12380\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-33-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-33-2.jpeg 308w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-33-2-300x192.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 308px) 100vw, 308px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 18: \u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0633\u060c 2022).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.2.5 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u2022 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0634\u0643\u0644 19).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" class=\"wp-image-12381\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-34-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-34-2.png 600w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-34-2-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-34-2-360x270.png 360w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-34-2-80x60.png 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 19: \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u2022 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 20).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"622\" height=\"349\" class=\"wp-image-12383\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/a-stone-building-2.jpeg\" alt=\"a stone building\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/a-stone-building-2.jpeg 622w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/a-stone-building-2-300x168.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/a-stone-building-2-135x75.jpeg 135w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/a-stone-building-2-270x150.jpeg 270w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 622px) 100vw, 622px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" class=\"wp-image-12384\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-36-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-36-2.jpeg 333w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-36-2-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-36-2-80x60.jpeg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px\" \/><\/strong> <strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"608\" height=\"457\" class=\"wp-image-12386\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-37-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-37-2.jpeg 608w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-37-2-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-37-2-360x270.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-37-2-80x60.jpeg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0644\u0637\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 20: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u064a\u0635\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0634\u0643\u0644 21) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 22). \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"357\" height=\"581\" class=\"wp-image-12388\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-38-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-38-2.jpeg 357w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-38-2-184x300.jpeg 184w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 357px) 100vw, 357px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"371\" height=\"581\" class=\"wp-image-12391\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-39-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-39-2.jpeg 371w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-39-2-192x300.jpeg 192w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 371px) 100vw, 371px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"374\" class=\"wp-image-12392\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-2024-_-2.jpeg\" alt=\"E:\\\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\\2024\\\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0664\u0660\u0661\u0662\u0668_\u0661\u0664\u0665\u0665\u0663\u0665.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-2024-_-2.jpeg 748w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-2024-_-2-300x150.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 21: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"471\" height=\"353\" class=\"wp-image-12394\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/448743785_2764621890368865_4869742532352790807_n-2.jpeg\" alt=\"448743785_2764621890368865_4869742532352790807_n\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/448743785_2764621890368865_4869742532352790807_n-2.jpeg 471w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/448743785_2764621890368865_4869742532352790807_n-2-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/448743785_2764621890368865_4869742532352790807_n-2-360x270.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/448743785_2764621890368865_4869742532352790807_n-2-80x60.jpeg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 471px) 100vw, 471px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"415\" class=\"wp-image-12397\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-42-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-42-2.jpeg 738w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-42-2-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-42-2-135x75.jpeg 135w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"707\" height=\"531\" class=\"wp-image-12401\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-img_202-2.jpeg\" alt=\"E:\\\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\\\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u202b\u202c\\IMG_20211202_115818.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-img_202-2.jpeg 707w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-img_202-2-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-img_202-2-360x270.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/e-img_202-2-80x60.jpeg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 707px) 100vw, 707px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 22: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.2.5 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2021 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2022 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 Emhanna and et al, 2020 \u0648Othman and Omar, 2022 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f 2024 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4.2.5 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629..<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 23). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 24).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"644\" height=\"290\" class=\"wp-image-12402\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-44-2.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-44-2.jpeg 644w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-44-2-300x135.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1098\" height=\"630\" class=\"wp-image-12422\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-45-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-45-1.png 1098w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-45-1-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-45-1-1024x588.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-45-1-768x441.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1098px) 100vw, 1098px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 23: \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"432\" class=\"wp-image-12423\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/c-users-pc-downloads-95833893_3099619140100879_73-1.jpeg\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\pc\\Downloads\\95833893_3099619140100879_7337624572046344192_n.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/c-users-pc-downloads-95833893_3099619140100879_73-1.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/c-users-pc-downloads-95833893_3099619140100879_73-1-300x180.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"650\" class=\"wp-image-12424\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/02-2-1.jpeg\" alt=\"02 2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/02-2-1.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/02-2-1-300x163.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/02-2-1-1024x555.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/02-2-1-768x416.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 (https:\/\/akhbarlibya24.net).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"754\" height=\"475\" class=\"wp-image-12425\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-48-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-48-1.png 754w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-48-1-300x189.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 ) \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 24: \u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3.5 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.3.5 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0646. \u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 25).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0637\u0641\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 150- 250 \u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\u060c 2014). \u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 34 \u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0634\u0643\u0644 26) (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0644\u0637\u060c 2024). \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 20-30 \u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 70 \u2013 120 \u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 (\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c 2005).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"365\" height=\"544\" class=\"wp-image-12428\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-49-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-49-1.png 365w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-49-1-201x300.png 201w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 365px) 100vw, 365px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"668\" height=\"544\" class=\"wp-image-12431\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-50-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-50-1.png 668w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-50-1-300x244.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 668px) 100vw, 668px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"358\" height=\"630\" class=\"wp-image-12432\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-51-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-51-1.png 358w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/word-image-12248-51-1-170x300.png 170w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 (\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0631\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 25: \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.3.5 \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631. \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"810\" height=\"1080\" class=\"wp-image-12433\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/c-users-pc-downloads-651aa645-5993-444c-a03a-574e-1.jpeg\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\pc\\Downloads\\651aa645-5993-444c-a03a-574ea232055b.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/c-users-pc-downloads-651aa645-5993-444c-a03a-574e-1.jpeg 810w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/c-users-pc-downloads-651aa645-5993-444c-a03a-574e-1-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/c-users-pc-downloads-651aa645-5993-444c-a03a-574e-1-768x1024.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 26: \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0644\u0637\u060c 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637 18% \u064813% \u06483% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627: \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u063a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644. \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 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\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>7. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u062c\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647: \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0623\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0623. \u062f. \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 (\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u062f. \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 (\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0623. \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 (\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0623. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0645\u064a (\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0623. \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0644\u0637 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0626\u0631\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0623. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2022 \u0645. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0631\u064a ( \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649 2018. \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2014). \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d (2018). \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0631 (2017). \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 2017.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 (2019). \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 (ISTJ). \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2019.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0646 (2022) . \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 (ISTJ). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 30 \u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c 2022.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 (2014). \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646 \u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627. LIBYA. Journal of Basic Sciences, 37(2), 200\u2013235..<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (2021). \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627. HNSJ, 2021, 2(12); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53796\/hnsj21231<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 (2005). \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c \u060c \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Al Rashed, M.F. and Sherif, M.M., (2001). Hydrogeological aspects of groundwater drainage of the urban areas in Kuwait city, Hydrological Processes, Vol. 15 No. 5.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Al-Senafy, M., Hadi, K., Fadlelmawla, A., Al-Fahad, K., Al-Khalid, A. &amp; Bhandary, H. (2015). Causes of groundwater rise at Al-Qurain residential area, Kuwait. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 25, 4\u201310, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/ j.proenv.2015.04.002<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Bergeron, G, Dehays, H. and Pointet, T., (1983). Remonte\u00b4es des nappesd\u2019eau souterraine: cause et effets, Bureau de Recherches, Ge\u00b4ologiques et Minie`res, Paris (in French.(<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Blower, T. (1987).The potential consequences for surface structures of rising groundwater levels beneath London, The Structural Engineer, Vol. 65A No. 6, pp. 234-5.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Dean, J.L. and Sholley, M.G., (2006). Groundwater basin recovery in urban areas and implications for engineering projects, in Culshaw, M., Reeves, H., Spink, T. and Jefferson, I. (Eds), Engineering Geology for Tomorrow\u2019s Cities, Theme 2, The Geological Society of London, Nottingham, CD-ROM.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Emhanna S, Elkaseh F, Douas H and Al-Hwaili A., (2020). Physical and Environmental Effects of Groundwater Table Rising In Ajdabiya Town, Northeast Libya. International Journal of Iraq. Vol. 53 (2F), 2020: 36-48. DOI: 10.46717\/igj.53.2F.3Ms-2020-12-26<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Ghafoud A and dulaimi A (2021). Modeling of the Terrain features of Zliten water basins (Kaam-mager) using GIS. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT),12(10), 4880\u20134897.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Knipe, C.V., Lloyd, J.W., Lerner, D.N. and Greswell, R., (1993). Rising Groundwater Levels in Birmingham and the Engineering Implications, Special Publication 92, CIRIA, London.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Kreibich, H. and Thieken, A.H., (2008). Assessment of Damage Caused by High Groundwater Inundation, Water Resources Research (AGU), GFZ, Potsdam. doi:10.1029\/2007WR006621.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Krogulec E, Ma\u0142ecki J, Porowska, D. and Wojdalska, A., (2020). Assessment of Causes and E_ects of Groundwater Level Change in an Urban Area (Warsaw, Poland). Water 2020, 12, 3107; doi: 10.3390\/w12113107<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Othman R. and Omar S, (2022). Evaluation of the Physio-Chemical Quantities for Groundwater in some Industrial and Residential Locations of Ajdabiya City, Libya. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631. ISSN:2790-0614<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Oyedele, K.F., Ayolabi, E.A., Adeoti, L. and Adegbola, R.B., (2009). Geophysical and hydrogeological evaluation of rising groundwater level in the coastal areas of Lagos, Nigeria, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, Vol. 68 No. 1, pp. 137-43.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17762\/turcomat.v12i10.5250.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Plane E, Hill K, and May C., (2019). A Rapid Assessment Method to Identify Potential Groundwater Flooding Hotspots as Sea Levels Rise in Coastal Cities. Water 2019, 11, 2228; doi:10.3390\/w11112228<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Rushton, K.R. and Al-Othman, A.R., (1993). Control of rising groundwater levels in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in Wilkinson, W.B. (Ed.), Groundwater Problems in Urban Areas, Thomas Telford Services Ltd, London, pp. 299-309.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Salako O. and Adepelumi A., (2018). Aquifer, Classification and Characterization, Aquifers- Matrix and Fluids, Muhammad Salik Javaid and Ali Khan, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772\/intechopen.72692.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Selim, S, Hamdan, A, and Rady, A., (2014). Groundwater Rising as Environmental Problem, Causes and Solutions: Case Study from Aswan City, Upper Egypt. Open Journal of Geology, 4, 324-341.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Singh, O.P., Khan, T. A. and Rahman, M.S., (2000). The vulnerability assessment of the SAARC coastal region due to sea level rise: Bangladesh case, Report No. 3, SAARC Meteorological Research Centre, Dhaka.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Winter, TC, Harvey, JW, Franke, OL, Alley, WM., (1998). Ground water and surface water- a single resource. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1139. ISBN 0-607-89339-7.<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">Yasuhara, K., Murakami, S., Mimura, N., Komine, H. and Recio, J., (2007). Influence of global warming on coastal infrastructural instability, Sustainability Science, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 13-25.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (https:\/\/gmra.com.ly\/index.php\/ar\/).<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0632\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61555826392268).<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a (https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/zliten.net\/)<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0633 (https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/m.boshgma)<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0644\u0637 (2024). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0626\u0631\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0645). (https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/khalefa.alm)<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (2024).<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (https:\/\/akhbarlibya24.net\/).<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0631 (\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/p\/%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B4%D8%B1-100010921218178\/)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12248","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12248"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12462,"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12248\/revisions\/12462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hnjournal.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}